Jingjiang flood diversion project construction

/kloc-in the winter of 0/950, President Mao Zedong personally examined and approved the Jingjiang flood diversion project plan (hereinafter referred to as the plan) submitted by the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission to the Central Committee.

Based on the principle of "storing and discharging simultaneously, focusing on discharging" and "benefiting the two rivers and lakes", the planning takes the flood peak level and discharge from Yichang to Zhijiang from August 5 to 25 as the standard, cooperates with the north bank of Jingjiang River to strengthen Jingjiang levee, and opens 9265433 in the areas north of Anxiang River in Ouchikou, south bank of Jingjiang River and east of Taipingkou Lake crossing the river.

On March 4th, 1952, the Central South Military and Political Commission convened the heads of Hunan and Hubei provinces, the Central South Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the Ministry of Communications and other relevant departments and units to review the implementation plan of the Plan. On March 15, the 74th administrative meeting of the Central South Military and Political Commission adopted the implementation method of the scheme and made a decision on the Jingjiang flood diversion project. At the same time, Jingjiang Flood Diversion Committee headed by Li Xiannian and its subordinate institutions were established. The flood diversion project includes: Jingjiang levee reinforcement; Taipingkou flood gate; Huangshantou Lake crossing sluice and barrage; Dike regulation in flood diversion area; South levee, etc. The project was implemented in two phases, from April 5, 65438 to April 5, 0952, and the first phase of Jingjiang flood diversion was completed in 75 days on June 20.

The spillway gate of Jingjiang flood diversion project (Jingsha is called North Gate) has 54 spillway tunnels, with a length of1054.375 m; The designed flood discharge is 8000 m3/s, which can effectively absorb the total flood of 5.4 billion m3. Its main function is to divert the huge excess flood peak in the upper reaches of Jingjiang River and reduce the water level in Shashi, so as to ensure the safety of Jingjiang levee at 1.80km and reduce the amount of water and sediment injected into Dongting Lake at the four outlets of Jingjiang River.

The spillway gate (also known as the control gate, locally known as the South Gate) located at the eastern foot of Huangshantou at the junction of Hunan and Hubei has 32 spillway holes, with a gate length of 336.825 meters and a designed flood discharge of 3,800 cubic meters per second ... Its function is to control the flow from Hudu River to Dongting Lake not to exceed 3,800 cubic meters per second, so as to ensure the safety of millions of people and vast farmland in Dongting Lake area. The cost of Jingjiang flood diversion project has been approved by the Central Ministry of Water Resources to be 7 1 0.50 billion yuan (every ten thousand yuan1yuan).

Li Xiannian, director of Jingjiang Flood Diversion Committee, Tang Tianji and Liu Fei, deputy directors. Jingjiang Flood Diversion Committee consists of Secretariat, Political Department, Sluice Department, Equipment Department, Supply Department, Embankment Department and Immigration Department, with cadres 1076 (excluding cadres of Immigration Department).

Tang Tianji, the general headquarters of Jingjiang flood diversion project, is the chief commander and Li Xiannian is the general political commissar. Deputy commanders are Wang Shusheng, Xu Ziwei and Lin Yishan, and deputy political commissar is Yuan Zhen. The general command consists of the Southern Line Engineering Command, with Xu Ziwei as the first commander, Tian Weiyang as the second commander, Xu and Ren Shishun as the deputy commanders. The North Gate Project Headquarters is commanded by Zhang Guangcai, and Yan Jun is the deputy commander. The headquarters is located in Shashi, and at the same time, three command engineering offices, namely flood intake sluice, flood discharge sluice and Jingjiang levee reinforcement, are established to be responsible for the project implementation. Ren Shishun, commander of flood intake sluice, and Tian Weiyang, commander of flood discharge sluice; Xie Wei was appointed as the commander-in-chief of Jingjiang levee reinforcement.

On April 5th, 1952, Jingjiang flood diversion project started in an all-round way, and 300,000 soldiers and migrant workers participated in the war. On the evening of May 19, Minister Fu of the Central Ministry of Water Resources, accompanied by the Central and South Ministry of Water Resources, Minister Chen of Agriculture and Forestry, and former Soviet water conservancy expert Boukoff, went to Shashi to inspect the construction site of Jingjiang flood diversion project. On the 24th, a conference was held in Shashi to present the banner of Jingjiang flood diversion project to the party and state leaders. Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an inscription: "Strive for the victory of Jingjiang flood diversion project and benefit the people". Premier Zhou Laien wrote an inscription: "Let all rivers and lakes benefit the people". The construction site was jubilant, and the enthusiasm for fighting between the army and the people was even higher, which played a great encouraging role in completing the project construction ahead of schedule.

On June 1952 and 16, representatives from 26 countries of the Asia-Pacific Peace Conference held in Beijing visited the Jingjiang flood diversion site and praised the Jingjiang flood diversion project as "an outstanding contribution to the cause of world peace!" The delegation of the Korean People's Army in China also came to the construction site to express condolences and present pennants.

Jingjiang flood diversion project was successfully completed on June 20th 15 days ahead of schedule, and it only took 75 days. The speed has amazed the Chinese and foreign water conservancy circles. There are 654.38+10,000 military workers,1.6,000 migrant workers, 40,000 skilled workers and engineers involved in Jingjiang flood diversion project, which have made great contributions to the early completion of the project. Xin Zhiying, a female migrant worker in Songzi County, is a super model worker, who led her women's team to create a daily record of 1.38 cubic meters of gravel. With the consent of Chief Engineer He Zhitai, Wang Xiancheng, a model worker engineer of the Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission, modified the layout of steel bars in the design of the bottom plate of the South Gate, which saved a lot of steel for the country and ensured the safety of the project. Tan Yincui, a female migrant worker in Yichang, a model worker, postponed the wedding for the project construction. When she was pushing a bucket car to grab much-needed steel for the South Gate, she fell on the track of the bucket car when she went downhill at the Ouchikou construction site because she didn't rest for three days and nights, and her left arm was broken by the bucket car behind her. But she still firmly said to people, "although I lost my left arm, I still have my right arm, and I can still contribute to the project construction." Bao, a model worker and sailor of the Yangtze River Waterway Bureau, adopted the advanced transportation experience of the Soviet Union, so that the materials and materials needed for the construction site were transported in place one month in advance, ensuring the progress of the project construction.

Military heroes and model heroes emerge one after another. They fought in the hardest place, dredged 59,000 cubic meters in nine days and eight nights, and completed the task of dredging four days ahead of schedule, which made great contributions to the early completion of Huangshantou sluice.

Boukoff, a former Soviet water conservancy expert, visited the site twice in March and May, and put forward many valuable suggestions on construction and engineering design and construction.

Leaders at all levels often hold various types of meetings to study and arrange the construction progress of the project and the implementation of the technical scheme. In order to ensure the engineering quality, Jingjiang Flood Diversion Engineering Technical Committee often studies and discusses major technical problems in construction and solves problems in engineering construction.

On June 25th, 1952, the headquarters of Jingjiang flood diversion project issued an announcement in Jingjiang Building (now the resident of Jingjiang Hydrological Station of the Standing Committee) in Shashi, announcing: "Jingjiang flood diversion project was successfully completed!" The second phase of Jingjiang flood diversion project was planned by the Standing Committee in September of the same year, and was implemented in June 5438+065438+ 10/4. Ren Shishun, deputy director of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission, is the chief commander, and Yan Jun, Commissioner of Jingzhou District Administration Office of Hubei Province, is the political commissar. In this project, migrant workers from Jingzhou and Yichang were mobilized 184777, and 8.625 million cubic meters of earthwork was completed (including the dike on the right bank of Jingjiang River, the dike on the east and west banks of Hudu River, the dike around the safety zone, the destruction of the floodplain upstream of the sluice, and the expansion of the east approach dike, etc.). ). The project was completed on April 25th, 1953, which is practical. So far, the Jingjiang flood diversion project has been fully completed, with a total national investment (old currency) of 557.646 billion yuan (including flood control and drainage project fees, survey and design fees, water conservancy project management fees, operational fees and water conservancy and grain storage and transportation fees, etc.). ).

Jingjiang flood diversion area is located in Hudukou, Gongan County, 5 km away from Shashi/KLOC-0, Hubei Province, bordering the Yangtze River in the east, Hudukou in the west, facing Jingzhou and Shashi across the river in the north, and adjacent to Huangshantou, Anxiang, Hunan Province in the south. The average width from east to west is 13.55km, the average length from north to south is 68km, and the total area is 921.34km2. The terrain is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Except for the hills of 4.5 square kilometers near the south gate, the area is generally plain, with the ground elevation of 32.80 ~ 4 1 .5m. The designed flood storage capacity is 5.4 billion cubic meters, and there are 4 towns, 4 fields, 5 districts and 23 townships in the jurisdiction, with 4110,000 residents (1990 statistics: 500,000). There are two inland rivers in the area: one is Dongneijiang River and Mingshun River in Qing Dynasty; The second is the West Inland River, which was called the Long River in Qing Dynasty. After the completion of the flood diversion area, these two rivers are gradually transformed into main drainage channels running through the north and south of the whole area according to the requirements of "unified drainage", with a total length of about 70km. There are 28 lakes dotted around, with a total area of about110 of the flood diversion area.

In the flood diversion area, the supporting project of electric power drainage and irrigation system has been completed and improved to ensure agricultural drought and flood protection; The original weak industries have gradually developed into a complete industrial system such as electricity, machinery and textiles; The roads in the area are vertical and horizontal, extending in all directions, and three main highway trunk lines have been built, which has played an important role in invigorating the province's foreign trade and economic exchanges. 207 national highway crossed the Yangtze River from Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia via Shashi, entered the flood diversion area and arrived in Guangzhou via Changsha, Hunan. The total length of roads in this area is about 300 kilometers.