Why are there so many ethnic minorities in China?

In the early 1980s, the Law on National Autonomy was promulgated, which promoted preferential policies for ethnic minorities and artificially created ethnic differences. Instead of emphasizing national integration, it encourages national autonomy and artificially distinguishes nationals of the same country and region. Many ethnic groups in China have established state and political power abroad, such as Han nationality (Singapore), Russian nationality, Mongolian nationality, Korean nationality, Kazak nationality and Dai nationality (Laos, Thailand). In other words, the main body of a certain ethnic group in China may be abroad. Russians are one of the few large ethnic groups in the world with a population of more than 1 billion, so they are definitely not ethnic minorities abroad. The Russians in China are obviously descendants of expatriates who moved from Russia to Xinjiang and other places in the late Qing Dynasty. If they are counted as one of the ethnic minorities in China, are the British born in Hongkong and the Portuguese born in Macau counted as ethnic minorities in China? Secondly, Koreans came to Northeast China (Manchuria) with the Japanese pioneer group. After Japan's defeat, the China government expelled the remaining 1 10,000 Japanese nationals, but did not expel Korean nationals. So Koreans are actually expatriates. There is also the Hui nationality, which divides nationalities according to their beliefs. Therefore, these 56 ethnic groups have yet to be revised. Moreover, in the southwest region surrounded by ethnic minorities in China, since modern times, especially before the founding of New China, these so-called southwest border people have subjectively considered themselves Han nationality after reading books and entering the mainstream society. In particular, some slave social communities in southwest China are not ethnic groups in essence, but just a community. How does he know what race he is? No wonder Sun Yat-sen advocated "expelling Manchu and restoring China" during the anti-Manchu period, in which "China" refers to "descendants of Xuanyuan", regardless of nationality! Later, he revised it, dividing China into five ethnic groups: Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Tibetan, and advocating "harmony among the five ethnic groups", so there are not so many ethnic groups. However, as soon as New China was founded, so many ethnic groups split in the southwest, even dozens, hundreds and thousands of people (no wonder the Soviet Union, as a teacher, divided the Mongols into three or four ethnic minorities. I don't understand the definition of "nation". Can dozens of people have the culture and cultural system needed by a "nation"? ), deliberately separate them. There is also Guangxi, which became the only minority autonomous region in the south after the founding of the People's Republic of China. As the most populous minority in China, Zhuang nationality has been completely sinicized. However, after the founding of New China, it was artificially defined as a minority and given them a language and writing. So are other ethnic minorities in Guangxi, completely sinicized! From the "Hundred Leaps" in the Qin Dynasty to the "Crossing Toes" in the Han Dynasty to one of the fifteen provinces in the Ming Dynasty and one of the eighteen provinces in the Qing Dynasty, after more than 2,000 years of ethnic blending, the population survey conducted in Guangxi during the Republic of China admitted that there were only 1.8 million people, and only 320,000 people considered themselves non-Han, which was a fraction of the total population of Guangxi. For example, General Su Yu is now considered Dong, but General Su Yu thought he was Han until his death. There is also General Bai Chongxi, who is now considered to be a Hui nationality, but he himself once said that he is only a Han Chinese who believes in Islam and is a Han Muslim. Also, Guangxi warlords never thought that Guangxi was a minority area. Generally speaking, western countries do not divide ethnic groups, but only socialist countries such as the former Soviet Union, the former Yugoslavia and China can divide ethnic groups and empower them. Even the United States is not divided into ethnic groups. Of course, there is no ethnic column on the ID card. Even when investigating the national situation (roughly equivalent to China's population statistics), it is only divided into whites, blacks, Asians, Indians (including Eskimos and other indigenous people) and Latinos. However, because Hispanics, especially Mexicans, have developed rapidly in recent years and maintained their own national language and culture, many Americans are worried that the United States will split and New Mexico, California and Texas will become part of Mexico. Because ethnic divisions within the same country are tantamount to reminding people all the time that you are not a certain ethnic group, but a certain ethnic group, which will cause or aggravate the gap between people. If we also give the nation the right to develop vigorously, or even give different treatment according to the nationality in many interests, it will inevitably lead to or aggravate ethnic contradictions, cause or aggravate ethnic divisions and cause greater social unrest. Once a person is classified as a "nation", even if he/she does not belong to the original nation for a long time, he/she may be estranged from the original nation, or even stand on this "nation" to fight for more rights for the "nation" and conflict with other nations. Even if I don't do this, who can guarantee that his children and future generations will not do this? This is like the same culture. The first generation may know that they belong to a certain ethnic group, but it is hard to say whether his descendants still know that they belong to that ethnic group and not other ethnic groups. For example, Koreans/Koreans in Japan, the first and second generations still know that they are not Japanese, but by the third and fourth generations, many people consider themselves Japanese. Especially those who have joined Japanese nationality, because of the deliberate concealment of their parents and grandparents, many people simply don't know that they are Koreans rather than Japanese, and their national consciousness naturally favors the Japanese. Through different artificial ethnic division standards, some new ethnic groups are artificially created, separated from the Han nationality and given preferential treatment, resulting in artificial ethnic differentiation and ethnic differences. This is ridiculous. For example, people in the Republic of China, such as Majia and Bai Chongxi in Ningxia, were all Muslims, and they were firm * * *, but they all had one thing in common: they all opposed the idea of "Hui people". In their view, the Hui nationality is just one of the Han people who believe in Islam, and the difference is equivalent to the difference between Hakkas and northerners. Moreover, a large number of Hui people live in scattered towns (for example, many counties in Henan are called "Chengguan Huimin Town") and have long been assimilated. However, the Hui nationality was finally recognized as an independent nation. This situation can be compared with Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina is actually a branch of Muslims, but Tito, as a Croatian, divided it into a separate nation in order to prevent greater Serbia. Results After the separation of Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, two "different nationalities", fought a bloody battle with the same nationality, which showed the extreme harm of artificially dividing nationalities. Take Tujia as an example. As you said, it was not until 1956 that it was recognized as a single nation, but the population of 1990 was 1027% of that of the census in 1964 (the population increased by 10 times in just one generation)! These can't be explained by natural population growth, only that a large number of assimilated people have changed their nationality because of special preferential treatment after "implementing the policy". An extreme example is the Tujia Autonomous County along the river in Guizhou. 1982 census, there were 400,000 people in the county, and only 243 people claimed to be ethnic minorities, all of whom were cadres transferred from other places. However, after the implementation of the policy, in just two years,1850,000 people changed their ethnic composition. The consequences of these extreme artificial divisions of the Han nationality can be imagined! Some of our experts, scholars and government agencies only pay attention to the construction of the national population situation, but they don't see the potential danger of this problem! At the same time, the natural evolution and integration of the Chinese nation for thousands of years have been destroyed by the artificial national differentiation policy! For the sake of "national unity" and "glory of all ethnic groups", we even do not hesitate to make some examples that go against common sense! 1955 Su Yu, who was awarded the rank of general, once asked him: "You are from Xiangxi (publishing house, Su is from Huaihua, Hunan), aren't you a Miao?" But Su himself always considered himself a Han nationality until his death. Two years after his death, he was identified as Dong according to the related ethnic identification research-which was later approved by the central government. Look: isn't it a bit embarrassing and funny that a person who never thought he was Dong was recognized as Dong after his death?