Religion in Gao Changguo

According to documents, Gaochang has been popular with Buddhism since ancient times. From the king to the people who believe in Buddhism, there is a record of "the population of the whole city is 30,000 and the number of monks is 3,000", which shows that Gao Changguo is full of Buddhist incense.

In 382 A.D., in the 18th year before the founding of the Qin Dynasty, Gao Changguo's teacher Ku Morobosti presented a Brahma classic to Fu Jian. In the second year of Shihong (400), when Faxian traveled westward through Gaochang, he was also replenished with funds and went straight to the southwest. At that time, there were Gaochang shaman Jin Dao and Fa Sheng who made the Western Regions. In addition, there are Sam Zhongfa, Ju Qu Jingsheng and so on. A person engaged in translating scriptures. This shows that Gaochang Buddhism has flourished at this time.

After the establishment of the Qu Dynasty, Buddhism was protected by successive kings and flourished. The local rulers also highly admire Buddhism. For example, Wang Qu of Gaochang listened to Shaman Huicheng's "Golden Light Sutra" and asked Huicheng to practice. In 629 AD (the third year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign), Wang Wentai of Gaochang welcomed Master Xuanzang who went west to learn from the scriptures. When Xuanzang went to the Western Ocean, King Wenqu led the whole city to welcome him, warmly treated him and asked him to stay in his own country forever. Wen Qu was so insistent that Xuanzang went on a hunger strike for several days before he was allowed to go west. However, Xuanzang insisted on giving lectures for a month, spent four novice monks as gifts to his attendants, presented robes, gold, silk and other things, and sent 25 people and 30 horses to see him off. He also wrote to Qiuci and 24 other countries, begging them to protect Master Xuanzang. From these aspects, we can know that local people believe in Buddhism and spare no effort. However, the information about temples in historical books is unknown. According to Biography of Monks, during the Taihe period (477 ~ 499), there were Xianku Temple and Nice Langzhong Temple in Gaochang. The remnants of Xizhou Records record that there is a temple and a Buddhist temple from the boundary of Liu Zhong County to Dinggu Cave, 25 miles north of Beishan Mountain. There is also a cave temple in Rong Ning Valley, 22 miles north of Jieshan in Vestibule County. Buddhism is also very popular among Uighurs. In November of the third year of Song Gande (965), the Uighur Khan of Xizhou sent monk Fayuanshi to the capital to offer teeth, colored glasses and amber lamps. In the first year of Yongxi (984), Wang Yande returned from Gaochang. In his travel notes, he mentioned that there are more than 50 Buddhist temples in Gaochang, all endowed by the Tang Dynasty, and the Buddhist temples are equipped with the Tripitaka. And Mani Temple, where there are Persian monks. Until the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were still Buddhist temples in Gaochang area. After the Uighur moved, they believed in Buddhism, Nestorianism and Zoroastrianism in addition to Manichaeism.

/kloc-after the 0/9th century, after many archaeological excavations, countless Buddha statues and paintings, as well as Sanskrit, Hu language, Chinese and Uighur classics were unearthed. Among them, the classics written in Uighur include Jin Guangming's Best King Sutra, Fang Guang's Solemn Sutra, Maitreya Buddha's Life Sutra, and the Mantra Sutra of Eight Yang Gods in Heaven and Earth, most of which are translated from Chinese into Tibetan. In addition, there are other famous Buddhist relics here, such as Gaochang Ancient Town, Jiaohe Ancient Town and Bozixi Grottoes.

After the Han Dynasty, the Han people gradually moved in (mainly the descendants of the Han and Wei soldiers and civilians and the mainland immigrants who fled the war). Before the Uighurs moved in, they were deeply influenced by the Han nationality, and their customs, laws and characters were similar to those of China. According to documents, Buddhism has been popular here since ancient times. According to daoan's preface to the copy of Maha Paramita Sutra, Volume 8 of Sanzang, in 382, in the 18th year of Jian Yuan of the former Qin Dynasty, Wang Mi, the head of the former car driver, came to North Korea, and his Buddhist teacher Gyumaro presented a masterpiece to Hu Ben. After Qu Mengxun, a cool residence in Beiliang, owned this place, eminent monks came forth in large numbers, and the atmosphere of translating classics flourished. After the establishment of the Qu Dynasty, Buddhism was protected by kings of past dynasties and flourished. When Xuanzang went to the Western Ocean, he passed by here. King Wen Qu led the whole city to welcome him, warmly treated him and asked him to stay in his country forever. Xuanzang declined, but stayed to talk about The King's Classic for a month. After the Uighur moved, they believed in Buddhism, Nestorianism and Zoroastrianism in addition to Manichaeism.