Folk Culture in Zhongshan Township

Zhong Ping Village under the jurisdiction of Zhongshan Town has rich historical and cultural connotations and unique living environment and ethnic customs. It is a living fossil for studying the national history of China, the folk customs of China and the history of Chinese immigrants. During the Hongwu period in the early Ming Dynasty, local residents moved from Jiangxi and Guizhou to Pingzhai for war reasons. Up to now, the national traditional culture has been well preserved. The intangible cultural heritage here includes folk songs and dances "Eight Poems", "Twelve Flowers", instrumental music, Qin Yue, bronze drum culture and rich and unique folk customs. The existing buildings in Pingzhai were first built and shaped in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and now they retain about 50% of their original appearance. The scale of historic buildings is 48,000 square meters, and the core protection area is 1.55 million square meters. The layout of the ancient buildings in Zhaizi is based on "Eight Diagrams", and the houses are all small blue tiles with wooden frames, mainly quadrangles and three courtyards. This kind of village layout can be used as one of the important materials to study China's ancient architectural thought. In addition, Pingzhai has a unique scenery-Yingpan. There are "five camps" in Zhi Zhi, two of which are in Pingzhai. The camp here was built during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, which was built by local armed forces to resist foreign aggression, and modern ancient sites still exist. Pingzhai Buyi people have always attached importance to unity and harmony, and never have conflicts and disputes easily. What's more worth mentioning is that this stockade has never been robbed, not only because Pingzhai people are well educated, United and civilized, but also because of the "maze" road formed by the "gossip" shape of this stockade, which makes bandits afraid to jump.

Pingzhai is a typical Buyi village. Buyi people have always attached importance to culture and education, and regarded "farming and studying" as a magic weapon to get rich, which made the people here worse and worse, and scholars, Confucian scholars and other talents came forth in large numbers. Many people can learn poetry and painting. Such as Wang Yaokui, Guo, etc. Buyi folk songs are a major feature of Pingzhai, with melodious and exquisite songs; The form of songs is mostly Buyi chorus, accompanied by konoha and Chinese chorus. The lyrics are mainly composed of seven words, covering labor, war, love, historical myths and stories, interesting stories of literati, assembly, marriage, sacrifice and so on. The types of songs are Eight Poems, Twelve Flowers, Two Songs, Corner Songs, Five-character Songs and Songs on Songs. Every year on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, Buyi men, women and children gather at the "June Slope" in Maoshan Village, drinking and having fun, singing and laughing. The main forms of songs can be roughly divided into collective chorus and duet, and the duet of young men and women is mainly love songs.

The wedding etiquette of Zhong Ping Village in Zhongshan Town is also very distinctive. Unmarried young men and women establish a love relationship by blowing leaves and singing songs, and then formally get engaged through etiquette such as "three media and six certificates", "quasi-wine", "burning incense" and "seeing off". Two or three days before marriage, the man's family will send a pair of chickens, elbows and a pot of water to the woman's family, and the woman's family will also kill pigs to make "marriage wine". During the wedding banquet, there are ceremonies such as "welcoming the wind" and "worshipping tea". Buyi weddings also have some unique customs, such as: the number of people seeing off relatives ranges from 30 to hundreds; During the wine period, the woman only pays homage to the bride and does not enter the bridal chamber. Buyi people worship their ancestors, mainly believing in polytheism and nature worship. Besides Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, traditional festivals include February 2nd, March 3rd, April 8th and September Double Ninth Festival. The biggest festivals are the Spring Festival and the sixth day of the sixth lunar month.

The biggest festival in a year is China New Year (Spring Festival). From New Year's Eve to the 15th. Before New Year's Eve, we should kill Nianzhu, cook glutinous rice and prepare all kinds of vegetables. In Pingzhai, each surname has some different pre-dinner ceremonies, and many entertainment activities will be held during the New Year holiday. The "Flower Jumping Party" held from the first day to the 21st day of the first month of each year is a social activity for young men and women, with a large scale. Many unmarried young men and women subscribe to life songs by blowing leaves. Most of Buyi people's beliefs in the past belonged to nature worship. Sacrifice activities are held every year, among which the house dedicated to the elderly (village gods) is the most grand. In February of the lunar calendar, the Year of the Rabbit or the Year of the Tiger is chosen for the opening ceremony, and every household is required to offer eggs and pork to the gods, so that the villagers in the village can have a local New Year's Eve dinner and pray for a bumper harvest and peace in the whole village. Buyi people generally like to eat glutinous rice, which is often used as a staple food to improve their lives or adjust their tastes. Cold dishes, "moss frozen meat" and "bean jelly" are the favorite foods of Buyi people. Sauerkraut and sour soup are almost essential for every meal, as well as blood tofu, sausage, pickles, bacon and lobster sauce. Among meat dishes, beef soup pot is the top grade. When the Buyi people kill pigs, it is customary to put some salt in the blood basin first, and then stir it with pig blood. After solidification, add chopped green onion and seasoning, add meat foam to boil soup, and cook with pig blood, which is called "promoting blood circulation" and is a good treat for guests. When it comes to weddings, funerals and weddings, I like to use scalpers as dishes. Wine plays an important role in the daily life of Buyi people. After the autumn harvest every year, every household will brew a lot of rice wine and store it for drinking all year round. Buyi people like to entertain guests with wine. No matter how much you drink, as long as you arrive, you always take the wine first. This is called "welcome wine". When drinking, use bowls instead of cups, guess fists and sing. Zongba is an important food for Buyi people to welcome guests on June 6th.