South Island Immigrants

Balinese people are composed of various immigrants from the South Island, who were mixed-race in prehistoric times around 2500 BC. It is generally believed that Bali had a very progressive culture in the Bronze Age around 300 BC. The farmland irrigation organization (Subak) and irrigation system still in use today were inherited from that time.

Although there were archaeological discoveries of Hindu relics around 1 century, the influence of Buddhism was greater than that of Hinduism before 1 1 century. In 670 AD, the monk of the Book of Changes in the Tang Dynasty in China also mentioned that he had been to a Buddhist country "Bali" on his way to India to learn Buddhist scriptures.

Around the 10 century, Indian civilization influenced the whole Southeast Asia and spread to Bali through Java, providing Bali with the rudiments of literature, art, social organization and politics. /kloc-In the 3rd century, Hindu Javanese began to rule Bali. 15 15, Islam invaded Java, prompting a large number of Hindu monks, nobles, soldiers, craftsmen and artists to flee to Bali, resulting in the golden age of Bali in 16 century.

It was at this time that white people from Europe began to visit Bali. In the description of Dutch explorers, the mysterious colors, rich social culture and warm climate of the pagans in Bali make the Dutch full of curiosity and excitement, and fantasize that as long as the Dutch civilization and commerce are brought to Bali, the Balinese people will be guided to a better future.

In AD 1908, the Dutch flag was finally planted all over Indonesia and Bali, and the nobles in Bali ended the era of aristocratic rule in several Putan ceremonies that committed suicide for dignity. The Dutch ruled Bali for 34 years, and then I occupied it for another 3 years during World War II. It was not until A.D. 1949 that the Netherlands withdrew from Indonesia with the intervention of the United Nations, and Bali, where the islanders were moderate, naturally became a province of Indonesia after independence.

Buddhism and Hinduism began to be introduced to Bali during the Chalentra dynasty in Java. Al. Kaka unified Bali and Java for the first time, and then after the new Keshali dynasty, the Hindu kingdom of Java, Manobache, unified the two places again on 1343, and Hinduism began to enter Bali on a large scale and merged with the original Buddhism. 15 15, the mother Dan of the Islamic kingdom rose to replace Manobache, so many Hindu elites fled to Bali, and the prosperity of Hindu civilization began. 1550, Baturong established the first kingdom of Bali. 1588 Westerners first came to the island. It is said that three Dutch navigators arrived on the island after the shipwreck, but only 1 people were willing to go back when they were able to return home by boat, which shows the charm of Bali. Later, it entered the Dutch colonial period. For a long time, colonists only paid attention to resource plunder (spices, wood, etc. ) and maritime trade between Java and Sumatra, excluding Bali. Until the early 20th century, the Dutch decided to conquer the island, and the indigenous people in Bali chose to commit collective suicide after the failure of the struggle. 1906, almost all the royal nobles in Denpasar committed suicide in front of the Dutch army (now the monument in Denpasar's municipal square commemorates this event). After the news of suicide spread to Europe, it caused a shock, forcing the colonists to implement more humane rule, and thus the traditional cultural characteristics of Bali were maintained.