What are the traditional resources in Australia?

Australia is a developed capitalist country. The gross domestic product (GDP) in 20 10 ranked 13 in the world, and the per capita GDP reached $54,869, ranking sixth in the world, ranking 1 in countries with a population of more than 20 million, far higher than other major English-speaking countries such as the United States and Britain. Australia has developed agriculture and animal husbandry and rich natural resources. Known as "a country riding on the back of a sheep", "a country sitting on a mine car" and "a country holding ears of wheat". Australia has long earned a lot of income by exporting agricultural products and mineral resources, and is rich in sheep, cattle, wheat and sucrose. It is also an important producer and exporter of mineral resources in the world. Agriculture, animal husbandry and mining are traditional industries in Australia. Australia's high-tech industry has developed rapidly in recent years and its competitiveness in the international market has improved. Since 1970' s, Australia's economy has undergone major structural adjustment, tourism and service industries have developed rapidly, and their proportion in GDP has gradually increased, reaching about 70% at present.

natural resource

Australia is rich in mineral resources, including oil and natural gas, with at least 70 kinds of mineral resources. Bauxite reserves rank first in the world. Australia is the world's largest producer of bauxite, alumina, diamonds, lead and tantalum, and its output of gold, iron ore, coal, lithium, manganese ore, nickel, silver, uranium and zinc also ranks among the top in the world. At the same time, Australia is the largest exporter of bituminous coal, bauxite, lead, diamonds, zinc and concentrates, the second largest exporter of alumina, iron ore and uranium, and the third largest exporter of aluminum and gold. The proven mineral reserves with economic exploitation value are about 365.438 billion tons of bauxite, 65.438 billion tons of iron ore, 565.438 billion tons of bituminous coal, 465.438 billion tons of lignite, 65.438 billion tons of lead and 9 million tons of nickel. Australia has 240 billion liters of crude oil, 6543.8+0.36 billion cubic meters of natural gas and 6543.8+0.74 billion liters of liquefied petroleum gas. The forest coverage rate accounts for 20% of the country, the natural forest area is about 65.438+0.55 billion hectares (eucalyptus accounts for two thirds), and the timber forest area is 65.438+0.22 billion hectares.

Australia is rich in fishery resources, and the fishery area is larger than the national territory 16%. It is the third largest fishing area in the world, with more than 3,000 kinds of seawater and freshwater fish, more than 3,000 kinds of shellfish and mollusk aquatic products, of which about 600 kinds have been caught commercially. The main aquatic products in Australia are prawns, lobsters, abalone, tuna, scallops, oysters, oysters and so on.

Australia is located in the southern hemisphere, ranking sixth in the world, only next to Russian, Canadian, China, USA and Brazil, and equivalent to four fifths of China. It is bordered by the Pacific Ocean in the east and the Indian Ocean in the west, and consists of islands such as the Australian mainland and Tasmania. Australia is surrounded by the sea, bordering New Zealand with tasman sea in the southeast, and facing East Timor, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea with Timor Sea and Torres Strait in the north. It covers an area of 7.692 million square kilometers. It accounts for the vast majority of Oceania. The coastline is 36,735 kilometers long. Although surrounded by water, deserts and semi-deserts account for 70% of the country's area. On the east coast, there is the largest coral reef group in the world-the Great Barrier Reef. The coastline is 3752 1km long. It is the only country in the world that monopolizes a continent.

Biological resources

Australia is known as the "World Museum of Living Fossils". According to statistics, there are 12000 species of plants in Australia, and there are 9000 species not found in other countries. There are 650 species of birds here, 450 of which are endemic to Australia. Most marsupials in the world are distributed in Australia except South America.

The koala living in Australia is not only Australia's national treasure, but also a precious primitive arboreal animal unique to Australia, belonging to the koala family. It is distributed in eucalyptus forests in southeastern Australia.

Emu is one of the animals that appear on the national emblem of Australia. It is a big bird with degraded flight function. It is the largest bird in Australia. Emu is one of the largest land birds in the world and one of the oldest birds in the world. It is the only remaining species in Carnivora Carnivora.

The platypus, a monotreme mammal in Australia, is the most peculiar. The platypus is an animal that appears on a quarter coin in Australia. They are distributed between Cape York in eastern Australia and South Australia, and also inhabit Tasmania. It is the oldest and most primitive mammal, which appeared as early as 25 million years ago. Its own structure provides a lot of evidence for mammals to evolve from reptiles.

Moth larva, a white high-protein snack, is actually a moth larva. It is an important insect dish in the desert area of Australia and was once the staple food of local aborigines.

Rabbits, there were no rabbits in Australia at first. 1788, with the British first settling in Australia's fleet, dozens of rabbits were transported to Australia, which were originally introduced as edible meat. Later, some wealthy families put rabbits in nature as hunting, and let them escape to the grassland to breed quickly. 1950, the number of rabbits in Australia is estimated to reach 600 million. They destroyed vegetation and caused soil erosion, and grassland animal husbandry was destroyed for a long time. Australia uses various methods to reduce the number of rabbits. 199 1 year, the number of rabbits in Australia has dropped to about 300 million.

animal husbandry

Australia's climate is relatively dry, nearly 70% of the land is dry land, and the grassland is flat and vast, which is suitable for large-scale development of animal husbandry. In pastoral areas, herds of cattle and sheep can often be seen. "There are more sheep than people" is a true portrayal of Australian grasslands. Ranches are widely distributed, large in scale, sparsely populated and highly mechanized. Located in the middle and low latitudes, it is influenced by the maritime climate. Flat and vast terrain, vast grassland. Australia is a developed country, and the modernization of industry has created modern pastures; Abundant groundwater resources provide favorable conditions for the development of animal husbandry. The number of sheep is about 65.438+0.7 billion, and the number of Australian sheep accounts for 654.38+0/6 of the world total. Wool production ranks first in the world, and people call Australia "a country riding on sheep's back". There is not a sheep in Australia. /kloc-In the late 8th century, European immigrants brought 29 sheep for the first time. Because of the good grassland and dry climate here, it is suitable for the growth and reproduction of sheep. By11920s, the number of sheep had reached 60 million! According to statistics, in recent years, the number of Australian sheep has reached about 65.438+0.4 billion, accounting for one-sixth of the world total, and the annual wool output ranks first in the world.

The production and export of agricultural products play an important role in the national economy, and it is the largest exporter of wool and beef in the world. In 2009/20 10, the output value of agriculture and animal husbandry was 27.4 billion Australian dollars, accounting for 2. 1% of GDP. The main crops are wheat, barley, rapeseed, cotton, sucrose and fruit.