South African whites establish colonies

1652 In April, Dutch captain Jan Van Riebeeck arrived at Table Bay in the Cape of Good Hope with the first batch of 153 Dutch immigrants, and established Cape Town, the first Dutch colony in South Africa. These immigrants are employees of the East India Company. They grow crops and raise livestock according to the instructions issued by the East India Company, and the products are purchased by the East India Company at a fixed price. Soon, some Dutch employees began to emigrate to the mainland in order to get rid of the control of the East India Company. Soon after, more Dutch and persecuted French Huguenots came to settle here. With Cape Town as the center, they spread around and expanded the merchant shipping depot into a Cape colony. Cape Town has replaced Mauritius as the most important stopover supply base for ships sailing between two oceans. 17 10, the Dutch officially abandoned mauritius island and took full charge of the Cape Colony.

In order to build farms and pastures, Dutch immigrants supplied products to merchant ships, migrated and expanded from the Cape of Good Hope to the mainland, occupied a large area of indigenous land, drove away the local indigenous black workers and became slave owners themselves. These descendants of Dutch, French and German immigrants gradually formed a unified race, speaking a Dutch dialect mixed with French, German, Malay and Xhosa. They are called Boers (meaning "farmers"), but they call themselves Afrikaners (meaning African settlers). By the middle of the19th century, the number of descendants of Dutch immigrants who settled in South Africa had reached 2 1000, accounting for 24% of European white settlers in sub-Saharan Africa.