The Historical Origin of Fengning Manchu Paper-cutting

Advocate the spirit of all things; Worship shamanism; Advocating ancestors; Before the ancestor edition, there was a custom of sticking Buddha's cards (that is, hanging labels). There are many sacrificial activities, which need to be enriched by paper-cutting (low cost, convenient and simple production), such as the Spring Festival: paper-cutting Ma Liu; Autumn festival: cutting grain; Spring Festival: Paper-cutting. Ancestor paper-cutting.

Paper-cutting is everywhere in life;

Festivals and festivals: window grilles, ceiling flowers, hanging signs for the Spring Festival, five-poison gourd in May, reunion flowers in August, paper-cut of beginning of spring Chunhong, horses used by the gods in the sky, and sacred symbols for offering sacrifices to stoves.

Wedding, baby-rearing, funeral: red and white wedding flowers, wedding flowers, bun dolls, funeral curtains, coffin shed hanging signs.

Gifts and fireworks: shroud, building a house, relatives traveling, marriage, funeral, senior high school entrance examination, promotion, moving, digging a new well.

Food, clothing, housing and transportation: the embroidery patterns of clothing (hats, headdresses, clothes, shoes and boots) are all paper-cut; Food: the decoration of banquet food and the packaging of food gifts; Accommodation: running water, streamers, fan bucket decoration, window grilles, shed flowers, bed curtain vents, bedding, door curtains; Ok: horse and carriage accessories.

Exorcise evil spirits and ask God: the mother-in-law who sweeps the sky on a cloudy day, the doll who grabs steamed buns after a long marriage, the devil who sends evil spirits and brings happiness to the deity. Miao Shen, bless Miao Quan and Miao Zhuang. Insect God, bless you from insect disaster. God of grains, God of Wealth, God of the West, God of mountains, rocks, forests, water, stars, sun, moon, wind, rain, thunder and lightning.

Located in the north of China, with four distinct seasons, drought and little rain, window paper is used to paste windows all year round, which is convenient for lighting and cheap. At first, paper strips were used to reinforce the window paper to prevent it from being damaged by wind. Later, it was replaced with window grilles, which were beautiful and practical. The appearance of window grilles is a major custom in Fengning.

Fengning area (even the whole Chengde area) has a short frost-free period, and there is no green and fig for a long time in autumn, winter and spring. The color is monotonous and the scenery is barren, creating paper-cut window grilles to artificially change their living environment, and flowers bloom all year round.

Fengning, less than 200 miles north of the Great Wall, is in the Jingbian area of the Ming Dynasty. After Judy sealed the prince, she was in no man's land. By the Ming dynasty, the history of this area was cut off and it became a situation with few people and few villages. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the late Jin Dynasty rose and attacked Beijing several times. When Huang taiji took a step-by-step strategy to enter Beijing, Manchu immigrants had already stepped in. After entering Beijing, with the establishment of a large number of Huang Zhuang, Qizhuang and Racecourse in Fengning by Kang Yong Ganchao, a large number of Manchu people (including the Eight Banners of Han Dynasty and Eight Banners of Eight Mongols) settled down, and the policy of "horse racing occupied the circle" was implemented to encourage the flag people to reclaim land outside the Beikou. Especially in the early years of Kangxi, the Tanghe paddock (commonly known as the Western Wei and Jujube Mulan paddock 13) was first set up in Fengning. Later, a large number of victims poured in from Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong, Henan and other places, and the Central Plains culture and Manchu culture collided, influenced and blended with each other, resulting in Fengning Manchu paper-cutting.

Fengning paper-cut (window grilles) reached the status of every household and village in stick grilles in Qing Dynasty, and formed its own style.