The favorable geographical conditions for growing olives in Greece are as follows

Planting conditions of olive: from the altitude, the planting area along the Mediterranean coast is 100 m-1000 m; China's olive planting areas, from several meters on the east coast to Kunming, where the altitude of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is 1 0,800 meters, are all suitable forest land selection areas for olive. However, in this vast land, the correct choice of garden is the guarantee of high yield of olives. In hilly and mountainous areas, olives are planted on hillsides, and the maximum slope cannot exceed 15 degrees. Planting olive in steep slope and north slope is not conducive to the growth of olive, which increases the investment and difficulty of forest soil and forest management. When planting on flat land, we should consider waterlogging and frost and snow damage. It is not suitable to choose beaches with low humidity and places with underground water level above 1.5m to plant olive.

There are three conditions for choosing an Italian olive orchard: first, good physical and chemical properties, loose texture, strong permeability, water storage and fertilizer conservation, and mud content of 20-30%; Second, the soil PH value is between 7 and 8, which is beneficial to the absorption and balance of nutrient elements by olive trees; Thirdly, there are irrigation and drainage conditions, which can keep the soil water content stable during the growth of olive. Soil conditions and indicators suitable for olive orchard construction;

(1) The most suitable soil structure for olive growth was selected: calcareous soil accounted for15-25%; Sandy loam accounts for 40-50%; Clay10-20%; Humus 5- 10%. In the high temperature and rainy climate, the soil with clay particles accounting for more than 35% is not conducive to planting olive oil. Planting olive should choose soil with deep soil layer, certain gravel and good air permeability.

(2) The selection of olive in suitable forest land must choose suitable planting area according to its ecological habits, so as to make it suitable for growth and trees. From a small scale, we should pay attention to topography, landform, slope, slope direction and soil quality. Olives like light, are afraid of waterlogging and like oxygen. Therefore, the afforestation site must choose soil with sufficient sunshine, good air permeability and good drainage performance. Soil hardening leads to poor root development, and slow growth or poor drainage of aboveground parts leads to root rot. When planting olive in mountainous areas, the slope direction should be south and the slope should be within 15 degrees. When planting on the flat land, the soil drainage should be good, the groundwater level should be below 1.5 meters, and the sandy soil with deep soil layer is the best. Sunlight is closely related to the growth and development of olives. When olive is planted in an area with sunshine less than 1200 hours, most varieties are weak, bear few fruits and have serious diseases and insect pests. Only a few varieties can blossom and bear fruit. Practice in various places has proved that olives grow well in areas with annual sunshine 1300 hours or more. The development of olive in low sunshine area should pay attention to the selection of suitable varieties. Olive grows poorly in strong acid soil and well in weak alkaline soil. Therefore, when planting olives in acidic soil, lime must be added to adjust the soil PH value. Olive has moderate salt tolerance, and it is not suitable for planting when the soil salt content exceeds 0. 1%. In addition, when choosing a afforestation site, we should also pay attention to choosing a shelter from the wind. Where there is water, low-lying land, ditches and fields with water are not suitable for planting.

(3) The optimum permeability is 80- 150 mm/hour. There can be no impermeable layer in the soil layer with a depth of 100 cm. The soil for growing rice is generally not suitable for growing olives.

(4) PH value The optimum range of soil PH value is 7- 8, and it should be adjusted if it is too low or too high.

(5) The content of calcium carbonate in the soil suitable for olive planting should be greater than 65438 0%. Because olive has a hobby of supplementing calcium. (6) The organic matter content index of organic soil is 2.0-2.4%, and the total nitrogen content of soil is above 0. 12%. The correlation coefficient between organic matter and total nitrogen is r = 0.982 (r 0.01[15] 0.606), and its mathematical expression is y = 0.027+0.0399x

(6) The average available nitrogen in nitrogenous soil is more than 7.6 mg/ 100 g.

(7) Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus: the variation value is between 0. 1-3.5 mg/ 100 g, with 3.5 mg/ 100 g as the standard. Potassium: the measured value varies between11-28 mg/100g, and the standard is not less than 20 mg/ 100 g. Calcium: the measured value is 7.0 ~ 38.0 ME/ 100g, and it is not less than 25.0 ME/ 100 g ... magnesium: there are special requirements for magnesium in low sunshine areas (Chengdu and surrounding areas) in China. The exchangeable magnesium in soil should be no less than 2.6 me/ 100 g, and rich magnesium nutrition can improve the activity of chlorophyll.

Generally speaking, in China's subtropical climate, the physical conditions of soil are more important than its chemical properties, because olive roots have high aerobic capacity and require good soil permeability. Therefore, whether the soil physical conditions can meet the requirements of establishing olive plantations and ensure the normal growth, flowering and fruiting of olive after planting is one of the decisive factors for the success or failure of olive cultivation.