Why should Huguang fill Sichuan?

Question 1: Why did Huguang fill Sichuan? Historical background:

Sichuan Tongzhi: "Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, there have been many toothed fireworks in Shu. After the war in the late Ming Dynasty, Dingkou was as rare as the morning star. " According to the population statistics in the twenty-four years of Kangxi, the population of Sichuan Province, which experienced large-scale wars, was only over 90,000. During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, the Sichuan Basin finally calmed down and a number of new local officials began to take office. In the eyes of these ambitious officials, I don't know how rich Sichuan is. However, when they rode to the new official residence, they found that the legendary land of abundance was so desolate, broken and riddled with holes.

Huguang's filling in Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration in the Qing Dynasty. According to research, residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi are also among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Chongqing and Sichuan experienced wars, resulting in a sharp drop in population. Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population. Taking Chengdu, Sichuan as an example, the Overview of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty recorded that "Chengdu people today are all from other provinces"; Among them, Huguang accounts for 25%, Henan Shandong 5%, Shaanxi 10%, Yunnan Guizhou 15%, Jiangxi 15%, Anhui 5%, Jiangsu and Zhejiang 10%, Guangdong Guangxi 10%, and Fujian.

Question 2: Why did Huguang fill Sichuan? Huguang filling Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration that took place in the Qing Dynasty. According to research, residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi are also among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Chongqing and Sichuan experienced wars, resulting in a sharp drop in population. Therefore, at that time, the Qing government took a series of measures from central to local governments to attract foreign immigrants, among which Huguang Province had the largest population. In the early years of Qing Daoguang, the number of immigrants can be said to have occupied an absolute dominant position in the population of Sichuan, so Huguang filled Sichuan.

Question 3: What happened to the stuffing in Sichuan? Why did you fill it out? Who did this? You mean Huguang fills Sichuan?

I remember two times, one in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. Because Sichuan had geographical advantages, the Qing soldiers fought for a long time, so they killed many people.

On another occasion, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom led some Taiping troops into Sichuan, and the Qing army pursued them along the way. Killed many people. As a result, the population of Sichuan has dropped sharply. It's in this history book.

Question 4: What happened when Huguang filled Sichuan in history? Huguang's filling in Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration in the Qing Dynasty. According to research, residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi are also among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Sichuan experienced wars and its population dropped sharply. Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population. Taking Chengdu as an example, the Overview of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty recorded that "Chengdu people today are all from other provinces"; Among them, Huguang accounts for 25%, Henan Shandong 5%, Shaanxi 10%, Yunnan Guizhou 15%, Jiangxi 15%, Anhui 5%, Jiangsu and Zhejiang 10%, Guangdong Guangxi 10%, and Fujian.

Question 5: How did Huguang fill Sichuan? Where did the people in Sichuan go? It's a long story Legend has it that Zhang Ping-ping conquered Sichuan and all Sichuanese were killed. Qing * * * immigrants have started. My surname is Zhang, from Sichuan. My ancestors moved here from Macheng, Hubei.

Question 6: How did Huguang fill Sichuan? "Huguang fills Sichuan" is generally understood as two Lakers moving into Sichuan to reclaim land. After careful study, this statement is not completely correct. "Huguang fills Sichuan" is actually divided into narrow sense and broad sense.

As the name of the provincial administrative region, "Huguang" was used as early as the Yuan Dynasty. 13 12 years, the Yuan Dynasty established eleven "provinces". The eleven provinces are Liaoyang, Lingbei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Huguang, Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Henan and Zhengdong. "One province" is the abbreviation of "one province". These eleven "provinces" ruled over 60% of the territory of the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, "Huguang Province" ruled Wuchang Road, and its territory included today's Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi. In the Ming dynasty, the provinces were changed to "Chengxuan Division". Except South Beijing, there are thirteen chief secretaries in the world, which are located in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Fujian, Beiping, Guangxi, Sichuan, Shandong, Guangxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Huguang, Shanxi and Yunnan. Although the name of "province" was changed to "Chief Secretary", folk slang still called "thirteen provinces".

The "Chief Secretary of Huguang" in the Ming Dynasty only governed Hunan and Hubei provinces, and its territory was greatly reduced compared with that in the Yuan Dynasty.

Compared with the Ming Dynasty, the system of local officials in Qing Dynasty changed slightly. The governor and the governor were temporarily dispatched in the Ming Dynasty, and it was not until the Qing Dynasty that they became the highest officials at the provincial level. Later, the Qing court divided the world into eight governors and eighteen strokes. The eight governors are Zhili, Liangjiang, Shaanxi-Gansu, Fujian-Zhejiang, Huguang, Sichuan, Guangdong-Guangxi and Yunnan-Guizhou. The eighteen strokes are: Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Guizhou, Gansu, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Fujian, Xinjiang and Taiwan Province. Known as eighteen provinces or eighteen provinces. After Kangxi, there were only governors of Zhili and Sichuan provinces, but there was no governor. The governors of the Qing Dynasty generally governed Sichuan-Shaanxi, Liangjiang and Fujian-Zhejiang provinces. There are also more than three provinces. The "Governor of Huguang" in the Qing Dynasty was still ruled by the Ming Dynasty, with only Hunan and Hubei provinces.

The folk so-called "Huguang fills Sichuan" means that people from Hunan and Hubei will fill Sichuan and immigrate, which is a narrow understanding. Broadly speaking, "Huguang filling Sichuan" refers to immigrants from Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Shandong, Yunnan and Guizhou. According to the Survey of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty, all the "Chengdu people" who entered Chengdu through "Huguang filling Sichuan" were "mainlanders". Among them, Huguang accounts for 25%; 5% in Henan and Shandong; Shaanxi10%; Yunnan-Guizhou10%; Jiangxi15%; Anhui 5%; Jiangsu and Zhejiang10%; Guangdong and Guangxi10%; 5% in Fujian, Shanxi and Gansu. In view of this phenomenon, there is a saying in the Ci of Jincheng Zhi Zhu, which is popular in the late Qing Dynasty: "My aunt married my second aunt in Shaanxi, my second aunt in Jiangsu, and my sister-in-law married Ersao Lake in Jiangxi. When relatives and friends meet and ask about their origins, there is no tenth old Chengdu. " When recording this history, Ganlongba County Records also said: "Ba and Chongqing are extravagant, offering frequency, choosing guns and ignoring the people are also new to the indigenous people. Twelve miles of slash and burn, Chu, Yu and Yue are many. " This passage blames the sharp decline of Sichuanese on extravagance, although it is a bit extreme. But between the lines, it is revealed that there are more people from Henan and Guangdong besides Hunan and Hubei.

As for the immigrants from Sichuan, tracing back to the source, it is not enough to talk about Xiaogan Township in Macheng. Macheng in the early Qing Dynasty was just a small county. Xiaogan township, that's even smaller. Even if you do everything in your hometown, it is impossible to fill Sichuan. There are many internal factors that cause this theory to spread and go deep into the market. First of all, at the end of Yuan Dynasty, 100,000 soldiers who entered Sichuan from Ming Dynasty were mostly from Suizhou and Macheng, and had already settled in Bashu. Second, when Zhang attacked Macheng, he lost 57,000 people. This group of down-and-out people and the able-bodied men in Hubei co-edited as "Chuying" and also moved to Sichuan. Most of them are left by agriculture for the people. When Zhang entered Sichuan from Hubei, he was called "600,000 troops". After the defeat of Zhang Bing, most of them settled in Sichuan. Third, Huguang was the biggest immigrant in the early Qing Dynasty. Most immigrants from Sichuan provinces first gathered in Xiaogan, Macheng, Hubei, and then went to Sichuan in the west. Therefore, it was popular for some time to fill in Sichuan immigrants, pretending to be Macheng and pretending to be Xiaogan to take refuge. "Huguang fills Sichuan", but there are no Sichuanese in Sichuan. The saying that Sichuanese are all Xiaogan people in Macheng has been passed down to this day!

Liangjiang, Guangdong and Huguang in Qing Dynasty

Guangdong and Guangxi:

Guangdong and Guangxi are not separate place names, but mainly refer to the governors of Guangdong and Guangxi, which govern Guangdong Province and Guangxi Province (now Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region).

The Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, whose official title is Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, is one of the nine highest-ranking government ministers in the Qing Dynasty, and is in charge of the military and political affairs of Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.

The predecessor of the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi was Shun ... >>

Question 7: Why did people from Hunan and Guangzhou migrate to Sichuan in Qing Dynasty? What happened in Sichuan? "Hunan and Guangzhou filled Sichuan" refers to the decades from the end of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty, when Sichuan was "filled" because its population was extremely scarce and needed to be enriched. Sichuan suffered the most from the 30 years of war in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. 1644, Zhang led a peasant uprising and entered Sichuan. /kloc-proclaimed himself emperor in 0/2 and established political power, which shocked the whole country and made Chengdu "Xijing". Sichuan became the land of four wars: the Ming army killed indiscriminately, the Qing army killed indiscriminately, the local strongmen killed indiscriminately, the rural hooligans killed indiscriminately, and Zhang was also suspected of killing indiscriminately. Then the war between Nanming and Qing army; And Wu Sangui's war with the Qing army after anti-Qing. The people of Sichuan have suffered wars and massacres again and again. ), plagues and natural disasters followed, the population in the territory dropped sharply and the cultivated land was barren. Under this specific historical condition, in order to solve the problems of labor force and grain production in Sichuan, the Qing Dynasty adopted the measures of "reclaiming land for wasteland", and ten immigrants from Yu Sheng, such as Hubei and Hunan, settled in Sichuan one after another, with Hubei and Hunan being the most. According to statistics, this migration lasted for more than 100 years, and the number of people entering Sichuan was about one million, of which Hubei and Hunan provinces each accounted for half. Among the immigrants in Hubei Province, Macheng immigrants occupy an important position.

Question 8: Why do you want to fill Sichuan with Huguang? How did Sichuanese become scarce? Let me find some information for you. First, the background of implementing the policy of "Huguang filling Sichuan"

In the immigration history of China, the "Huguang filling Sichuan" in the early Qing Dynasty was a noteworthy historical event. The reason why Sichuan has to "fill in" is because the population is extremely sparse and needs to be enriched. Sichuan suffered the most from the 30 years of war in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. 1644, Zhang led a peasant uprising and entered Sichuan. /kloc-proclaimed himself emperor and established political power in 0/2, with the title of "Daxi" and Chengdu as "Xijing". Sichuan became the land of four wars: the Ming army killed indiscriminately, the Qing army killed indiscriminately, the local strongmen killed indiscriminately, the rural hooligans killed indiscriminately, and Zhang was also suspected of killing indiscriminately. Then the war between Nanming and Qing army; And Wu Sangui's war with the Qing army after anti-Qing. The people of Sichuan have suffered wars and massacres again and again. According to official statistics, there are only 70,000 people left in 1668 Chengdu, Sichuan. In some counties, the loss rate of registered permanent residence is only 10% or 20% of the original population. The remaining population of Sichuan Province is about 600,000.