Characteristics of urban governance in modern France and China in the late Qing Dynasty

Political system and degree of openness to the outside world.

1. Political system: France implemented a centralized political system in modern times, while China in the late Qing Dynasty had an autocratic system of feudal dynasty.

2. Degree of opening to the outside world: In modern times, France actively promoted opening to the outside world and attracted a large amount of foreign investment and immigrants. In the late Qing Dynasty, China’s degree of opening to the outside world was low and lacked the vision and way of thinking of international standards, which restricted the city. development.