What ethnic minorities and colonial armies were there in Italy during World War II?

Like other imperialist powers, Italy occupied the colonies for economic, political and strategic reasons. These colonies are not rich in natural resources. Before fascism, there were only about 33,000 Italian immigrants here. Only from 1935, Mussolini set out to establish the so-called new Roman Empire in Africa, annexed Ethiopia, and began a "demographic" colonial policy towards Libya, and this number increased significantly. At the same time as the latter action, Italy promulgated a law on1939 65438+1October 9, placing four northern Libyan provinces (Tripoli, Misrata, Benghazi and Dellner) under the administrative jurisdiction of the suzerain country Italy. Italy's policy is to make local Muslim residents a supplementary agricultural population for Italian settlers. Bedouins resisted this during and after the First World War, and the resistance movement in cyrenaica did not subside until 1930, which prompted Italians to make up their minds to force tenacious herders to settle down and disintegrate their tribal organizations. Since then, the political and economic systems of Muslim residents must be consistent with their Italian "Libyan compatriots". Of course, Italians are always in an advantageous position, and (like colonies in other powerful countries) all agricultural settlements, schools, hospital wards, troops, fascist organizations and churches are treated according to one principle, which is called the apartheid policy on the other side of Africa. Arabs have no chance to compete with Italians. Except for the lowest positions, they can't engage in freelancing and enter administrative institutions. Before 1939, Arabs had to give up their personal identity stipulated in Muslim civil law in order to obtain Italian citizenship, and this price-just like in French colony Algeria-was unwilling to be paid by anyone except a few people.

1939 65438+ 10, the Italian government put forward a compromise plan, in the form of "special citizenship" so that the holders would not lose their Muslim identity, thus absorbing a group of low-level officials and businessmen. Italian Muslim schools have cultivated a semi-educated class in Libya. Their Italian writing is better than Arabic, and they are also granted some minor administrative positions. But how much they can do for the Italians is a question. They are not loyal to their own people or their Italian masters, and their main concern seems to be personal interests. In Eritrea, "half a century of Italian rule has taught residents to respect their Italian masters, and even made them have a good impression on their masters. Therefore, Italians do not find it difficult to recruit new soldiers for their indigenous troops. " However, indigenous intellectuals are also growing. They are jealous of the superior position of Italians in economy and society, which has produced the seeds of nationalism. Even if Somalia is located in a relatively mild coastal area, its temperature is much higher than that of the colonies suitable for immigrants in northern Italy. Therefore, Italian agricultural enterprises have to rely on indigenous labor, which is not easy to obtain among Somalis who are mainly nomadic. However, a group of agricultural population has been enslaved in coastal areas. Under the fascist rule, thousands of workers in China were subjected to "extremely cruel labor policy in theory and extremely barbaric in practice" ... which was equivalent to slavery.