Historical summary of southern Liaoning

Southern Liaoning is one of the birthplaces of Dongyi nationality, one of the "four ancient nationalities in Northeast China" (Dongyi, Donghu, Lu 'an and Sushen). According to Yizhou Huiwang Book, the land of "Castle Peak" in "Castle Peak, Fox Kyubi no Youko" refers to southern Liaoning. Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties were the period of "Yi culture" in southern Liaoning (Qingqiu). "Qingqiu Culture" is a branch of Yi culture. Judging from a large number of cultural relics unearthed from ancient sites in southern Liaoning and the remains of stone shed of "lay culture" in Liaodong Peninsula, Yi culture has a strong theological color and an open ocean. Yi culture is the predecessor of Qilu culture, and later it merged into Chinese culture and became an important representative of Chinese culture. At the end of the warring States period, Yan lived in Liaodong, and the Qin and Han dynasties lasted for 500 years. At this time, southern Liaoning was "from Yi to Han, connected with the Central Plains" and built the Yan Great Wall. The Han Dynasty was the first golden period in the history of cultural development in southern Liaoning: first, political stability was the highest in all dynasties; Second, land and water transportation is closely related to mainland exchanges; Third, immigrants from mainland China bring advanced production technology and culture; 4. Sinology was popularized, and Confucianism flourished in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. Wang Tingjun's ancestor Wang Lie (later Xiong Yue Cheng) and Guan Ning, Taishi Ci, Li Yuan, Guoyuan and many other scholars took their families to the sea to give lectures in southern Liaoning, Tianjin (now Dalian), and lived in seclusion in Jianfu, so later generations called southern Liaoning "the land of Wang Zhi". Zhong Ling in southern Liaoning has beautiful scenery, rich products and outstanding people. "Liaozuo is one of the areas that the sages of the Han Dynasty avoided, and there are many people." (Kangxi Edition "Haicheng County Records") After the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, ethnic minorities in Northeast China formed, rose and competed for hegemony. Southern Liaoning became a battleground for them to expand their territory and March into the Central Plains. It has been occupied by Xianbei, Goguryeo, Qidan (Liao), Jurchen (Jin) and Mongolia (Yuan) for nearly a thousand years, forming a very long and complicated historical and cultural phenomenon. Southern Liaoning and the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Ming and Qing Dynasties in this period, after nearly a thousand years of tortuous development, the ancient culture in southern Liaoning finally entered a relatively stable development period, reconnecting with the Central Plains in culture, prospering in education and rising in style of writing. Various cultural forms have flourished and begun to take shape, constantly narrowing the distance from the Central Plains culture and gradually maturing. During this period, Huaxia culture laid a deep foundation in southern Liaoning and laid a foundation for the formation and development of modern southern Liaoning culture. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the four guards of "Jin Fu Hai Gai" said that "each warehouse can be stored in Mi Dou for more than ten years", which was called fertile land, and there was the second boom since the Han Dynasty. As the saying goes, "Jin Fu Hai Gai, Liaoyang is outside" According to historical records, Jin Fu Hai Gai area belonged to Liaoyang Road in the Yuan Dynasty and was placed under the jurisdiction of Shandong Buzheng in the next five years. Zhu Yuanzhang classified southern Liaoning as a Shandong jurisdiction across the sea because the northern part of Liaoyang was always regarded as an area outside the culture in the early Ming Dynasty, while southern Liaoning was regarded as a member of the family in the eyes because of the large number of mainland immigrants, the deep localization of local indigenous people, early farming habits and the deep influence of Jiaodong on living customs and language. Shang Kexi, Prince of Pingnan Jing in Qing Dynasty, was born in Nanhai, Liaoning. Luo Zhenyu, a master of Chinese studies in the late Qing Dynasty, lived in seclusion in his later years. The famous patriotic general Zhang Xueliang, China's early leader Guan Xiangying and China's Major General Lv Zhengcao all spent their youth here. Yu (Haicheng), a famous inscription writer, Shen (Gaizhou), a great calligrapher, a political activist (Haicheng) and Zhang Shichuan (Fuzhou), one of the "four great calligraphers in the late Qing Dynasty", are all outstanding figures in southern Liaoning.

About southern Liaoning, a writer wrote: "Southern Liaoning is a poetic region, where the climate is mild, with the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in front and the Thousand Huashan Mountains in the back. The territory is rich in natural products, beautiful scenery and outstanding people. You see, the rolling Bohai Sea seems to reveal the open-mindedness after the historical waves; Look again, Wanger Mountain, which stands for thousands of years and is full of hope, seems to warn people of the true feelings in the world of mortals; Look, the Huang Chengcheng Nanguo pear, which is full of trees, is showing people the joy of autumn; And Small Guilin, like Zhuanghe, a paradise on earth, seems as dismissive as Guilin, Guangxi. Throughout the ages, I don't know how many gifted scholars, poets, romantic gentry and celebrities have been fascinated by it: Ding, Guan Ning, Shang Kexi, Cao Xueqin's family, Xu, Zang Naiyong, Kang Youwei, Zhang Shichuan, Zhang Xueliang and Shen. These are not the essence, leaving an anecdote through the ages.

Southern Liaoning is also a region with a long history. The special landform here has created a unique cultural atmosphere, which is called "the south of Northeast China". Whether it's the stone shed standing on the top of the mountain, Jinniu Mountain people who have been here for hundreds of millions of years, Xiongyue City and Liaoyang City with a long history, Lushunkou and ancient Qingshiguan, the famous commercial port Niuzhuang, the tomb of Wang Shangkexi in Pingnan in Qing Dynasty, the former residence of Zhang Xueliang, the majestic Lotus Mountain, the memorial hall of Cao Xueqin, the author of A Dream of Red Mansions, and hundreds of xuanhegai in Pixian County, southern Liaoning Province.

Southern Liaoning is a rich military fortress. This place is the only place to enter the customs sea and the essence of the three northeastern provinces. Since ancient times, whether Koguryo carved up Liaodong or Nurhachi proclaimed himself emperor, whether it was the Sino-Japanese War in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, the Russo-Japanese War or the Liaoshen Campaign, it all benefited from this place, thus achieving substantial victory in the war.

Southern Liaoning is a region with profound humanistic feelings. People here are generous to the orientals, and the meticulous and elegant manners of Jiangnan people are shrouded in understanding and understanding.

Southern Liaoning is another economic region that has taken off for the second time with the founding of New China and the reform and opening up. This is the old industrial zone in the northeast of New China, and it is also the industrial zone in central and southern Liaoning since the reform and opening up. Countless sons and daughters in southern Liaoning are working hard to revitalize the great Socialism with Chinese characteristics market economy. There are unlimited business opportunities, developed economy, convenient transportation and superior geographical location. If you invest and seize business opportunities, you can get huge economic and social benefits. (Liang Yongze:' Talking about Southern Liaoning')