Where was Zheng Zhemin born?

Zheng Zhemin, 1924, 10, a native of Jinan, Shandong Province, was originally from Yinxian County, Zhejiang Province (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo City). Physicist, mechanic, expert in explosive mechanics, academician of China Academy of Sciences, academician of China Academy of Engineering, foreign academician of American National Academy of Engineering, winner of the highest national science and technology award in 20 12, founder of explosive mechanics in China.

1947, Zheng Zhemin graduated from Tsinghua University Mechanical Department; 1949, master's degree from California Institute of Technology; 1952, Ph.D. from California Institute of Technology; 65438-0955 worked in the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and served as team leader, laboratory director, deputy director and director of elastic mechanics. 1982, elected as the executive vice president of China theoretical and applied mechanics Institution; 1988, director of nonlinear continuum mechanics laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Zheng Zhemin made great achievements in hydroelastic mechanics in his early years, engaged in solid mechanics research for a long time, and was good at using mechanical theory to solve practical engineering problems. He put forward the model and theory of fluid elastoplastic body, and made important achievements in explosive processing, geotechnical blasting, nuclear explosion effect, armor piercing, dynamic destruction of materials, gas outburst and so on. Advocating the research of marine engineering mechanics, mechanical properties of materials and environmental disaster mechanics, the laboratory of nonlinear continuum mechanics of Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, which contributed to the development of mechanics in China.

Chinese name: Zheng Zhemin.

Nationality: People's Republic of China (PRC).

Ethnic group: Han nationality

Place of birth: Jinan, Shandong, China

Date of birth: 1924 (Jiazi year) 10/02.

Occupation: machinery

Graduate institutions: Tsinghua University, California Institute of Technology.

Main achievements: won the highest national science and technology award 20 12.

1980 elected member of China academy of sciences (academician).

1994 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering.

A fluid elastoplastic volume model is proposed.

Establish the basic research method of explosion mechanics

Open up key technical fields such as explosive molding and explosive embankment construction.

Representative works: high-energy forming, similarity theory and modeling.

Character experience

Early experience

1924 (13th year of the Republic of China) 654381October 2nd, Mr. Zheng Zhemin was born in Jinan, Shandong Province, and his ancestral home was Yinxian, Zhejiang Province (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo City). His father, Zheng, herded cattle from childhood, studied in private schools and primary schools for several years, then went to town as an apprentice, and later set up a factory in business, advocating industry and educating his children to be diligent, eager to learn, cultivate themselves and raise their sexuality. The family environment has a profound influence on the formation of Mr. Zheng Zhemin's studious and upright personality in his youth.

Mr. Zheng Zhemin went to Jinan Yu Ying Middle School after finishing primary school in Jinan No.5 Primary School.

1937 (26 years of the Republic of China), the second day, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, and Mr. Zheng Zhemin entered Sichuan. He studied in Chengdu Jianguo Middle School, Chengdu Huayang County Middle School and Jintang Mingxian Middle School. He studies hard and is willing to do things for everyone. He used to take care of food, run a drama troupe and an English club, and had a strong interest in physics and English. He got excellent grades in all subjects and was beaten by some classmates because he didn't take the exam and cheated.

1943 (32 years of the Republic of China) Mr. Zheng Zhemin graduated from Jintang Mingxian Middle School, was admitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering of Southwest United University with the first place in science and engineering, and transferred to the Department of Mechanical Engineering the following year.

1946 (thirty-five years of the Republic of China), after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Zheng Zhemin's engineering school returned to Beiping (now Beijing) Tsinghua Campus, and Mr. Zheng Zhemin continued to study in the Mechanical Department of Tsinghua University; In the same year, Qian Weichang returned from the United States to teach in Tsinghua University. Zheng Zhemin, a senior, was exposed to modern mechanical theories such as elasticity and fluid mechanics for the first time in his class. Qian Weichang's rigorous and vivid theoretical analysis aroused Zheng Zhemin's great interest and had a far-reaching influence on him.

1947 (thirty-six years of the Republic of China), graduated from Tsinghua University with a bachelor's degree in engineering, and stayed in school as a teaching assistant of Professor Qian Weichang after graduation.

At the end of 1947/at the beginning of 1948, after being selected by Tsinghua University, Beiping, North China and the whole country (North China, Central China and South China), Zheng Zhemin stood out and became the only Rotary international scholarship winner in China. Young Mr. Zheng Zhemin thinks that applied mechanics plays an important role in China's industrial construction, and puts forward that applied mechanics should be his major. At the same time, he listed California Institute of Technology and University of London as recommended schools, and was recommended by Mei Yiqi, Futian Chen, Qian Weichang, Li Jixiang and others.

The road to studying abroad

1948 (thirty-seven years of the Republic of China) In April, his application was approved and he was admitted to California Institute of Technology. In August of the same year, he went to the United States by boat from Shanghai and successfully obtained his master's degree a year later. Then he became a doctoral student of Qian Xuesen, doing research on thermal stress.

1In June, 952, Mr. Zheng Zhemin received his doctorate from California Institute of Technology; After receiving his doctorate, he set out to return to China to participate in the construction of the motherland, but was blocked by the American government.

1954 After the Geneva Conference, the US Immigration Bureau lifted the restriction that a number of international students were not allowed to leave the country, so Zheng Zhemin left the United States by boat from new york on September 26th 1954 and arrived in Switzerland on October 2nd 18.

Zheng Zhemin was able to leave France on February 26th, 2 1 year and enter from Baoan County (now Shenzhen) due to the visa formalities at the passing place and waiting for the sailing date.

Return to China resolutely

After returning to China, Mr. Zheng Zhemin first worked as an associate researcher in the Institute of Mathematics of China Academy of Sciences, and then joined the Mechanics Laboratory founded by Qian Weichang. At the end of the same year, Qian Xuesen returned to China, and he immediately founded the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences together with Qian Xuesen.

1956 1, the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, and Zheng Zhemin became one of the first batch of scientific and technical personnel, serving as the head of the elastic mechanics group to study the earthquake resistance of dams. In the same year, he also participated in the formulation of the national mechanical discipline plan as an assistant in the 12 science and technology development prospect plan hosted by Qian Xuesen. Later, under the guidance of Qian Xuesen, the discipline of explosive mechanics was established in Zheng Zhemin.

From 65438 to 0958, Zheng Zhemin led the scheme demonstration of large hydraulic turbines, and then began to study the theory and application of explosive forming.

In the early 1960s, he expounded the main laws of explosive forming, and cooperated with industrial departments to produce missile parts with high technical requirements, making explosive forming a new process based on scientific laws.

During the period of 1964, Mr. Zheng Zhemin accepted and completed the relevant tasks involving underground nuclear tests, and took the initiative to consider the prediction of underground nuclear explosion power.

1965, Zheng Zhemin and Xie Bomin, together with other countries except China, independently put forward a new mechanical model-fluid elastic-plastic body model. In the same year, he also instructed the ordnance department to carry out a model test of armor-piercing geometric similarity law.

During the Cultural Revolution, Zheng Zhemin's body, mind and scientific research were all impacted. He worked in the May 7th Cadre School in June 55438+July 0970, June 55438+June 09765438 +654381October+June 065438.

197 1 year, Zheng Zhemin returned from the cadre school. In order to change the backward situation of conventional weapons in China, he organized forces to study the armor-piercing mechanism. After 10 years' efforts, a series of problems have been solved, such as the similarity law between armor piercing and armor piercing, the mechanism of armor piercing, the simplified theory of armor piercing, and the stability of jet.

From 65438 to 0978, Mr. Zheng Zhemin was promoted to researcher.

From 65438 to 0979, Zheng Zhemin led the establishment of the laboratory of mechanical properties of materials in the Institute of Mechanics, and served as the first director of the laboratory.

1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences (later renamed as an academician).

1February, 984, Zheng Zhemin took over the baton of Qian Xuesen and became the second director of the Institute of Mechanics of Chinese Academy of Sciences.

65438-0986, Zheng Zhemin led and organized the research of marine engineering mechanics, and served as the director of the research center of marine engineering science and technology of China Academy of Sciences.

From 65438 to 0988, Mr. Zheng Zhemin led the establishment of an open research laboratory for nonlinear continuum mechanics, and served as the first director of the laboratory, leading and guiding the basic research on nonlinear mechanical properties of materials and nonlinear behavior of fluids.

1993, Zheng Zhemin was elected as a foreign academician of the American Academy of Engineering for his contribution to explosive mechanics.

From 65438 to 0994, Zheng Zhemin was elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering.

1In May, 1999, under the planning of academicians Zheng Zhemin and Zeng Hengyi of China Offshore Oil Corporation, Lu Yongxiang, President of China Academy of Sciences, and Wei Liucheng, General Manager of Offshore Oil Corporation, signed the Letter of Intent for the Tenth Five-Year Scientific and Technological Cooperation between China Academy of Sciences and Offshore Oil Corporation.

From 2003 to 2004, Zheng Zhemin, who was nearly eighty years old, was entrusted by the Technical Department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the head of the special consulting group of "National Strategic High-tech and High-tech Industrialization Research", and was responsible for organizing high-level experts to make suggestions on the special project "National Medium-and Long-term Science and Technology Development Planning and Development Strategy Research" 13.

Won the highest national science and technology award in 20 13 years and 20 12 years.

Major achievements

achievements in scientific research

At the earliest stage of his scientific research career, Zheng Zhemin mainly studied thermoelasticity and hydroelasticity. After returning to China, he is engaged in the research of seismic response and turbine blade profile according to the needs of the country. Later, due to the adjustment of the national scientific research layout, Zheng Zhemin chose the research direction of high-speed and high-pressure plastic dynamics, and achieved complete and in-depth research results in explosive forming in a short time, thus opening the prelude to the study of explosive mechanics.

Academician Zheng Zhemin expounded the mechanism and model law of explosive forming, solved the processing problem of important rocket parts, and developed a new branch of mechanics-explosive mechanics. He presided over the formulation of the development plan of mechanics discipline for a long time, advocated the establishment of several new branches of mechanics and made important academic contributions. Zheng Zhemin has made extensive contributions to the development of explosive mechanics. They are:

(1) There is a deformation theory of thin plate under the action of underwater explosion shock wave in acoustic theory;

(2) There are quasi-steady penetration theory of high-speed jet, secondary loading theory in the later stage of explosion forming and bulging motion theory of blasting.

(3) The fluid elastic-plastic body model and various application theories are put forward to reflect the characteristics of high speed, high pressure and high temperature in explosion and impact problems and the coupling effect of inertia and strength;

(4) The similarity laws of various explosions and impacts are proposed;

(5) A variety of coupled motion theories are put forward, including the coupled motion of two objects and the coupling effect of the interaction between fluid properties and solid properties in the same object;

(6) In terms of stability, there are theories such as jet breakup, interface wave and adiabatic shear.

In the study of underground nuclear explosion effect, Academician Zheng Zhemin and his collaborators put forward a fluid elastic-plastic model. The model expresses the fluid and solid characteristics and motion law of medium under explosion and impact load with unified equations, which can be regarded as the discipline symbol of explosion mechanics, can accurately predict the pressure attenuation law of underground nuclear test, and has made contributions to the first underground nuclear explosion equivalent prediction in China.

In the research of armor-piercing projectile, Academician Zheng Zhemin led the team to put forward the relevant theories of jet opening, quasi-steady penetration and target strength. The armor-piercing similarity law and a more effective armor-piercing model than the internationally popular Tate formula are obtained. The high-speed flow breaking theory of armor-piercing projectile is established. The armor-piercing mechanism model and armor-piercing similarity law of metal armor are established, and the armor-piercing formula is more realistic than the internationally recognized Eichelberger formula. These works provide a solid mechanical foundation for the design and effect evaluation of related weapons in China.

Based on the theory of fluid elastoplasticity, Academician Zheng Zhemin also opened up key technical fields such as explosion treatment, gas outburst and underwater soft foundation treatment by explosion, which solved the core problems in major engineering construction and was widely used. In addition, in the study of material mechanics, his characterization of scaling theory hardness has an important influence in the world, and it was named C-C method after his and his collaborators' surnames.

At the same time, as the organizer and leader of the construction and development of mechanics discipline in China, Zheng Zhemin participated in and presided over the formulation of a series of important mechanics disciplines and related scientific plans. He grasped the development direction of China mechanics as a whole, and actively advocated, organized and participated in the establishment and development of many branches or fields of mechanics, such as thermoelasticity, hydroelasticity, mechanical behavior of materials, environmental mechanics, ocean engineering, disaster mechanics and nonlinear mechanics.

personnel training

Zheng Zhemin began to instruct graduate students in the 1950s. His first graduate student was Han Liangbi, who was assigned to Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute after graduation and became the scientific and technological backbone of the unit. Since then, Mr. Zheng Zhemin has instructed graduate students in the 1960s to wish peace and Bai Yilong. After graduation, they all stayed in the Institute of Mechanics and became academic leaders in the field of solid mechanics. Among them, Bai Yilong was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences with 199 1.

Since 1978 resumed the postgraduate system, by 2004, Zheng Zhemin had trained 15 doctors and 20 masters; In addition, he also instructed five postdoctoral fellows. In the process of guiding graduate students, Mr. Zheng Zhemin pays attention to teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and gives full play to their characteristics and specialties. He is famous for being strict with students, but he also discusses with them on an equal footing. For graduate students' thesis work, he emphasizes rigorous analysis, experimental observation is fundamental, and experiment, analysis and calculation are combined. Most of the graduate students and postdoctoral students brought by Mr. Zheng Zhemin have become the backbone talents of their respective units, and they are responsible for scientific research, technology, teaching or management. By 2004, Zheng Zhemin had also supervised 8 doctoral students, 1 master students.

Main thesis

1 Zheng Zhemin, Qian Xuesen. Similarity law of stress of thin-walled cylindrical shell under rapid heating. Journal of the American Rocket Society,1952,22:144-149.

Zheng Zhemin. Model law of explosive forming. Science and Technology Report of State Science and Technology Commission, 1962.

3 Zheng Zhemin. Spatio-temporal formation of water hammer wave on flat plate. Science and Technology Report of State Science and Technology Commission, 1962.

4 Zheng Zhemin and Xie Bomin. Suggestions on calculation model of underground explosion. Research report of Institute of Mechanics, 1965.

Zheng Zhemin, Ming. Mechanical analysis and simplified model of armor piercing mechanism. Science and technology (52 institutes), 1977.

Zheng Zhemin. Study on jet stability of armor-piercing projectile. Explosion and impact, 1980 (1).

Zheng Zhemin. Ordered dimension analysis of coal and gas outburst mechanism. Mechanics and Productive Architecture, Beijing: Peking University Publishing House, 1982.

8 Zheng Zhemin. Some thoughts on the reform of mechanics research institute. Annual report of Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1984.

9 white dragon, Cheng Chemin, Yushan soldier. Evolution of thermoplastic shear bands. Date of submission: February 0, 2008102:00.

10 Zheng Zhemin, etc. Study on interference mechanism of FRP on shaped charge jet. Report of Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,1981; Go on. Load and Effect of International Engineering Mechanics, Beijing: Science Press, 1986.

1 1ChengChemin。 Explosive welding mechanics, Beijing: Science Press, 1986.

social service

1956- 1978, successively served as the head of the elastic mechanics group, the deputy director of the fourth laboratory, and the deputy director and director of the explosion mechanics laboratory of the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

1978- 1989, researcher, deputy director and director of the Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

1982 to 1986 as editor-in-chief of Journal of Mechanics.

1982- 1990 was appointed as the executive vice president and chairman of China theoretical and applied mechanics institution.

1986, Director of Ocean Engineering Center of China Academy of Sciences, Director of International League of theoretical and applied mechanics (IUTAM) and member of the Committee of the General Assembly.

1988, director of nonlinear continuum mechanics laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Winning record

Bonus; prize

title of honour

1980 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences (later renamed as an academician).

1993 was elected as a foreign academician of the American Academy of Engineering.

1994, elected as an academician of China Academy of Engineering.

20 19 was selected as the "70 Returnees from China in 70 Years" list.

Personality influence

20 16, 16 10. In order to reward Zheng Zhemin's outstanding achievements, the asteroid with the international permanent number 12935 discovered by Schmidt CCD Asteroid Project Team of National Astronomical Observatory of Chinese Academy of Sciences was named "Zheng Zhemin Star".

Personality assessment

As an international representative of China mechanics, he actively participated in and organized international exchanges, promoted international cooperation, and significantly improved the international status of China mechanics. Academician Zheng Zhemin is devoted to the motherland, always taking the national demand as his own responsibility, working hard, being rigorous and innovative, forging ahead in unity and being approachable, and cultivating a large number of outstanding talents in the field of mechanics. (Comment by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China)

As an outstanding scientific and technological worker, Mr. Zheng Zhemin has made creative contributions to the development of applied mechanics and technical science. As an outstanding scientist, Mr. Zheng Zhemin is full of love for the motherland, pursuit of science and persistence in his career. As the organizer and leader of a scientific and technological team, Mr. Zheng Zhemin always looks deeper and farther, advocates and practices "doing first-class work". As a practitioner of applied mechanics and technical science, Mr. Zheng Zhemin is a model of adhering to and developing Qian Xuesen's thought of technical science. Mr. Zheng Zhemin's academic demeanor and excellent quality are worth learning and developing. (Comment by Hong Youshi, Director of Degree Committee, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Zheng Zhemin emphasized practicality in his scientific research work. He didn't stop at theoretical research or publishing papers, but developed a very wide range of applications. In his mind, this completes a "cycle". (Comments by A Zheng Zhemin student and academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences Bai Yilong)