What French immigrants need to know about the education system

What French immigrants need to know about the education system.

School district is an important educational administrative organization established by the Ministry of Education. Leaders of school districts directly under the Provincial Education Bureau. Schools are the most basic units in the French education management system. Primary school belongs to the town, junior high school belongs to the province, and senior high school belongs to the region. However, the state is still responsible for deciding the educational organization and teaching content, and paying the salaries of teaching staff. In primary and secondary schools, parent committees are set up to participate in school management.

France is the cultural center of Europe, with a long history of education and perfect system. The education system is mainly divided into three stages: primary education, secondary education and higher education.

Secondary education is divided into two stages: junior high school and senior high school. The junior high school lasts for four years, and the senior high school education consists of general education, technical education and vocational education. The academic system of ordinary and technical high schools is 3 years, and that of vocational high schools is 2-4 years.

Higher education institutions are mainly divided into three categories: comprehensive universities, universities and short-term higher education institutions.

There are 87 comprehensive universities in France, which are the main places for higher education, teaching and scientific research, and mainly train teachers, researchers, public officials, lawyers and doctors.

Colleges and universities mainly carry out higher professional teaching, which lasts for three years and is called "elite education". They are institutions of higher education that train senior engineers, technicians and other professionals.

There are two types of short-term higher education institutions: university technical colleges and advanced technical classes, with a basic educational system of two years. According to incomplete statistics, when enrolling students in the 20 13 academic year, the number of registered students in various public and private institutions of higher learning in France was about 2.8 million, including nearly 380,000 foreign students.

France has long attached importance to the investment in education, and the annual expenditure on education has always accounted for more than 6% of GDP. 1982 France promulgated and implemented the decentralization law, which greatly increased the autonomy of local governments.

After entering the 1990s, local governments increased investment in education and built a large number of schools. In addition, with the reform of teachers' appointment system in the early 1990s, teachers' salaries and salaries have been improved, and education funds have been increasing continuously. 1995 reached a historical peak, accounting for 7.6% of GDP.

The proportion of other sources of funds is: local government 24.6%, enterprises 6.7%, students' families 7.9% and other institutions 1.6%. The national financial allocation and local government funds add up to nearly 84%, accounting for the vast majority.

Education expenditure in France is mainly divided into three parts: salaries and subsidies for personnel, management and operation funds and other investment funds, of which salaries and subsidies for teaching staff and educational administrators account for about three quarters. In 2009, this part of * * * expenditure was 97 billion euros, accounting for 73.4% of all education funds;

Management operating funds and other investment funds account for 18.5% and 8. 1% respectively. Education funds from national financial sources are basically used to pay salaries and subsidies, so the national economic situation has a profound impact on teachers' occupation.

Further reading: a guide to luggage preparation for French immigrants

First, the recommended baggage list

Clothing:

Underwear, socks, thin sweaters, long-sleeved T-shirts, windbreakers;

Leather shoes, boots and shoes;

Belts, scarves, hats, gloves

Note: It is warmer in France than in China, and it is generally heated in winter. It is suggested to bring more light clothes from China, which is cheaper.

Daily necessities:

Towels, bath towels, shower caps, soap boxes, portable cups, mouthwash cups, combs, small mirrors, umbrellas, cosmetics (eyebrow pliers, etc.). ), razors and blades, mosquito-repellent incense, adapters; Glasses (contact lenses, frames, sunglasses) and eye drops are recommended to be prepared and carried in China.

Drugs:

Commonly used drugs, such as cold medicine, anti-inflammatory medicine, traumatic injury medicine, etc. Commonly used small medicines are brought from China, and expensive medicines can also be bought in France, and they are generally covered by social insurance and can be reimbursed.

Stationery:

Pen, ink, etc. Dictionaries (small Chinese dictionary, French-Chinese, Chinese-French, etc.). ); Professional books (advanced mathematics, computers, etc.). Don't take too many, because they are heavy, otherwise the luggage will be overweight and the airport fine will be very expensive. It's better to bring it back when you return to China in the future. Anyway, many professional books may not be used in the first year, and many materials can be found online or in the library.

Kitchen supplies:

Chopsticks, spoons and kitchen knives (in the consignment box)? French kitchen knives are serrated knives and are not used to it; You can also bring some cooked food (pickles, etc.). ) and your favorite condiments.

Computers and cameras:

Computer: the accessories of desktop can be assembled from China, just buy the monitor and main chassis in France; Computer software must be brought (be careful when you go through customs, generally don't check it).

Camera: You can bring a digital camera or a silly camera and a certain amount of film.

Others:

Hairdressing: Hairdressing in France is very expensive, so you can bring some hairdressing appliances from China. Remember to get a haircut before going abroad.

Second, it is recommended not to bring things.

Heavy coats can also be bought in France, and the price is similar.

Kitchen utensils (rice cookers, pots, etc. It is recommended to buy it in France, which is not expensive, inconvenient to carry and bulky.

In addition: the airline reminds everyone that food, dangerous goods, counterfeiting and piracy are not allowed on the plane.