Reading Classical Chinese from Guo Chong to Jincheng

1. Master of Translation in Ancient Chinese 1. Be prepared for battle when marching, and build a solid barrier when stationed.

2. Chase the enemy slowly, and then run away regardless. If you chase, the enemy will turn back and fight hard. Whenever there is an important event about the border of the four sides, the court will invite him to attend a military meeting and ask him for countermeasures.

The original is too long. Can't translate one by one.

Attachment: Zhao Chongguo is Weng Sun, a native of Longxi, and later moved to neighboring Jincheng. He started as a knight and supplemented the feather forest with good riding and shooting from six counties.

Be brave and have a general idea, but learn the art of war from Sun Tzu and inform the four foreigners. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Xiongnu was attacked by a fake Sima in two ways and was greatly surrounded by Lu.

The Han army was short of food for several days and suffered many casualties. The country was invaded, trapping more than 100 strong men, and the second division led the troops, so it was solved. He was beaten by more than 20 people, two teachers typed forms, and he wrote a letter to the country to fill in the country.

Emperor Wu saw it with his own eyes, beat his chest and feet, worshipped him as a corps commander, and moved to ride a general for a long time. During Emperor Zhao's reign, Wudu rebelled, using generals and a captain to capture soldiers, and the corps commander moved the valley and served as a captain of Shuiheng.

Strike the Huns, win the king of the Western Qi, and be promoted to the post-general, keeping the balance of the water army as before. Booked a statue of Xuan Di with General Huo Guang, and sealed the camp as Pinghou.

At the beginning, he was a general, recruited Huns, captured hundreds of ranks, and served as a post-general and Xiaguan. Xiongnu rode hundreds of thousands of horses and went to Lushan Mountain in Fuxi in the south, trying to invade and become bandits.

In addition to the Canal Hall, the deceased also sent 40,000 people to ride in the nine counties near the chariot. Khan smells it and leads it.

At that time, Yi Qu, the doctor of Guanglu, sent an envoy to Qiang people, willing to boldly say that he would cross Huangshui River in the north to herd livestock for the people. An Guo heard about it.

Confiscating the country and meeting it illegally is a disrespect for the country. After that, the Qiang people prefaced the Huangshui River, and counties could not ban it.

In the third year of Yuankang, he first made peace with more than 200 Qiang people. When I heard about it, I asked about the country and said to him, "The Qiang people are so easy to control because they have their own arrogance. After several attacks, the situation is different."

In his thirties, when Xiqiang rebelled, he took revenge contracts and separated himself from Han. It was settled in five or six years. In the fifth year of Zheng He, the Huns were first sent to the Huns, and the Huns sent people to Xiaoyue's home to tell the Qiang people:' More than 100,000 generals of the Second Han Division surrendered to the Huns.

Qiang people suffer for Han affairs. Zhangye and Jiuquan are my own places, which are fertile and can be attacked.

From this perspective, the Huns want to be with the Qiang people, not for life. In the meantime, the Huns were trapped in the west, and when they heard that Wu Huan had come to protect the fortress, fearing that the soldiers would return from the east, they sent several envoys to Wei Li and other countries in danger, and set up their son Minqiu to solve the problem.

The plans are inconsistent. Suspected Huns even sent envoys to Qiang, and the road from the sand, out of the salt marsh, too long pit, into the poor water plug, to the southern country, in line with the first zero.

I'm afraid the Qiang people won't stop there. It's only appropriate to plan ahead. "After more than a month, Hou Qiang Wolf He Guo sent envoys to the Huns to borrow soldiers, hoping to crack down on goodness and win Dunhuang.

Chong Guo thought, "Wolf, a small moon species, is in the southwest of sunshine, so it is impossible to make this plan alone. The suspected Hungarian slave ambassador has arrived in Qiang, and the first thing to do is to conclude a Covenant. Get up when the horse is fat in autumn.

It is advisable to send envoys to prepare border troops to treat the Qiang people lightly and not let them take revenge in order to find out their plans. "So the governments of the two countries respectively sent Yi Qu Guo Hang to see Qiang people, good and evil.

When Anguo arrived, he summoned more than 30 people from the first zero families, especially the rebels, and all of them were beheaded. Soldiers attacked its kind and beheaded thousands of people.

So Hou Yangyu, a Qiang who surrendered to righteousness, died of fear of anger and died in his trusted hometown. So, they robbed a small clan, attacked the city and plundered the land, and killed the chief. An Guo rode a captain's 3,000 troops to recruit Qiang, and was ambushed by Lu, losing many heavy weapons.

Anguo brought it back and let it go home and smell it. Years old, it is also the spring of the first year of Shenjue.

At that time, the country was over 70 years old, so that the ancient counselor Bing Ji asked who could be a leader, and the country said to him, "There are more dead people than old ministers." The superior sent a question and said, "How can a general capture Qiang alive and how many people will he need?" Guo Chong said, "Seeing is believing.

It is difficult for soldiers to cross the border. I would like to go to Jincheng in a hurry and count it on the map. However, the Qiang and Yi, who were enemies of heaven, soon perished. May your majesty's old minister not worry. "

He smiled and said, "Promise me." Fill the country to Jincheng, and you will get thousands of troops. If you want to cross the river, you may be covered by Lu, that is, sending three schools to cross the river first at night will surely succeed.

Hundreds of land riders came in and out of the army. Chong Guo said, "My men and horses are new and tired, so we can't drive them away.

It's all hard to control, I'm afraid it's inducements. Killing Lu is a period of annihilation, and small profits are not enough for greed. "

Tell the army not to go on strike. Send a ride to wait for a narrow look and wait for death.

In the evening, he led his troops from the capital to the capital and called on Sima of the school to say, "I know Lu Qiang can't be a soldier. How can soldiers enter if thousands of people are kept in the narrow! " Filling the country often takes distant scouts as the service, the action must be a battle, and the camp wall must be strengthened. In particular, we can carefully cherish our foot soldiers and plan ahead before fighting.

Then I went to the Dewey Building in the west. I became a sergeant, and all scholars wanted to use it. Accept some challenges and stick to them.

When he was captured alive, he said that Hao Qiang had accused him several times: "I said you were a traitor. Today, we sent General Zhao, who is eighty or ninety years old and is good at using troops. If you want to fight and die today, you can get evil! " Cao Zhongzi, the son of the country, sent the commander-in-chief, Angfei, Gu and Yuehu, to the mansion and was captured and left.

There were eight generals, including Qiu and Jincheng Taishou, who took Lushan and passed Tianjin Pass. When I was in a hurry, I sent my brother's carving library to tell a surname that I wanted to go against the sky first, but it backfired in the next few days.

The person in the carving library is equivalent to the first zero, so a captain left the carving library as a quality. Confiscating the land, thinking it was a capital crime, he sent back the kind Hao: "Soldiers punish the guilty, understand their differences, and destroy them without taking them.

The son of heaven sued the Qiang people, and offenders could be arrested and punished. If a person is found guilty, he will be given 400,000 yuan, middle class150,000 yuan, lower class 20,000 yuan, male 3000 yuan, female 3000 yuan, and the youngest 1000 yuan. "

If you want to surrender and grab the prestige of the country, you will dissolve Lu, which will be a great blow. At that time, officials from Sanhe, Yingchuan, Pei Jun, Huaiyang and Runan, knights from Jincheng, Longxi, Tianshui, Anding, Beidi, Shang Jun and Qiangqi, plus satrap from Wuwei, Zhangye and Jiuquan, totaled 60,000 people.

Xin Wuxian, the satrap of Jiuquan, said, "All the soldiers in the county are prepared for the south and the air in the north. It won't last long. Or it's an invasion from Sunday to autumn and winter, which is out of the book.

Today, Lu is a bandit, the land is cold and bitter, and Han Ma can't live in winter. The troops in Wuwei, Zhangye and Jiuquan are relatively thin. Can benefit the horse food, eat 30 in early July, and divide the troops out of Zhangye and Jiuquan to attack fresh water.

Lu made a living from animal products, but now he is scattered and the soldiers are divided into two ways. Although we can't do everything, we can seize their livestock, seize their wives, lead troops to retreat, and strike again in winter.

2. The overall reading of classical Chinese (1) (historical biography) Zhao Chongguo's word Weng Sun 4. One of the following options is incorrect: () (3 points) A. The country is over 70 years old, and the old people think that ... Old B. How to estimate the strength of the general C. It is advisable to be concise and concise, so that he can get a first-class D, and it is difficult for those who do not work hard to open the country. 5. In the following sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage by adding function words is () (3 points) A, which is more dead than the old minister/taken from the blue, while the green one is more than the blue one, which is unprofitable for killing insects/2. How can he know C? If he refuses to accept it, he will definitely fight not late /60 or 70 in the first month, such as 50 or 60 days, and he will ask for advice/be absent-minded. 6. All the following options can show that Zhao Chongguo is safe and prudent.

(2) To cross Huangshui, the road is narrow, and Xu Xingkai is all over the country. (3) don't break the thin open first, and then zero will be unprofitable first.

(4) should be concise and clear to arrive, to do, and the way to win. I know there is nothing strong can do. ⑤ Leave 10,000 people for land reclamation until they leave A, 126B, 235C, 145D, 3467. Among the following options, one of the mistakes in analyzing the meaning of the text is () (3 points). A: Zhao Chongguo was a cavalry when he was young, and later he was transferred to Chang 'an to ride a feather forest to be the emperor's bodyguard.

He went to Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged. The Han army ran out of food for several days and suffered heavy casualties.

Zhao Chongguo led 100 deus ex, followed by Li Guang's brigade, and finally escaped. In order to prevent the Qiang attack, Zhao Chongguo sent the main force to cross the Yellow River at night and build a position on the other side overnight.

Ignoring the challenge of the rebels riding horses in front of the front line, he first sent people to spy out the terrain ahead and the enemy's situation. C, Zhao Chongguo March is given priority to with reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time.

When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle.

D. After Zhao Chongguo resigned from his post after he was ill at home, every time the imperial court discussed major frontier defense issues, he often took part in planning or asked him for solutions. 8. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese (10).

(1) It's difficult for the soldiers to cross the border. I'd like to go to Jincheng in a hurry. (3 points) (2) A good soldier is a career person, not a person.

(3 points) (3) This scoundrel can't insist, but if he is slow, he will ignore it, and if he is urgent, he will die. (4 points) Reference answer: 4. D worry: 5. D A Yu: than/from B zhi: pronoun, indicating that if/or d is used in the same way, it is equivalent to preposition Yu plus pronoun. 6.A7 and B did not send the main force to cross the river at night, but sent three teams to cross the river first.

It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. I want to go to Jincheng first, and then make plans to deal with it.

(65,438+0 is a graph of degrees and 65,438+0 is a sentence meaning) 2 People who can fight can master the enemy, not be mastered by the enemy. (To 1, passive sentence 1, sentence meaning 1) These are desperate bandits. Let's not push them too hard.

Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back and work hard. (poverty, urgency and death 1 min, sentence meaning 1 min) with reference translation Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose real name was Weng Sun, was an official in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty.

He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased.

Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed. In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks.

Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it and asked Zhao Chongguo.

When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air.

The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan to attack and beg. "Zhao Chongguo in Jincheng, ten thousand soldiers wanted to cross the river, again afraid of being intercepted by qiang people.

He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army.

Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang Qi is always brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue him. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang people is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. " Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people.

So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it. Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack.

Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win.

According to the old minister, if we can destroy zero first, even if we don't crusade, it will naturally yield; One thousand at the beginning of the year has been completely annihilated, and it is rare to open it, so it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "Zhao emperor accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion.

Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions."

Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "

The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. Suddenly, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he transferred all the cavalry back and asked permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland and wait for it to change.

3. The Biography of Han Zhao Chongguo was translated by Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose real name was Weng Sun, and he was an official in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty. He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased. Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed.

In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks. Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it.

Take it and ask Zhao Chongguo. When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan the attack. " When Zhao Chongguo arrived in Jincheng, he called ten thousand soldiers to cross the river, but he was afraid of being intercepted by the Qiang people.

He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army. Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang soldiers have always been brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue them. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang Qi is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. "

Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people. So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it.

Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack. Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win. According to the old minister, if you can destroy zero first, even if you don't crusade, it will naturally submit; In case the first zero has been wiped out and the rare start is not satisfied, then it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "

Emperor Zhao accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion. Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions." Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "

The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. Suddenly, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he transferred all the cavalry back and asked permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland and wait for it to change.

Later, Zhao Chongguo resigned due to an old illness at home. Every time the imperial court discusses major frontier defense issues, it often participates in strategy or asks him for advice. Ganlu died two years ago, at the age of 86, in Zhuanghou, posthumous title.

4. The overall reading of classical Chinese (1) (historical biography) Zhao Chongguo's word Weng Sun 4. One of the following options is incorrectly explained () (3 points) A. The country is over 70 years old, and the old man thinks, ... Old B. How to estimate the strength of the general? C. it is advisable to be concise and wait for D. it is difficult to open the country without disturbing the soldiers. 5. In the following sentences, the group with the same meaning and usage by adding function words is () (3 points) A, which is more dead than the old minister/taken from the blue, while the green one is more than the blue one, which is unprofitable for killing insects/2. How can he know C? If he refuses to accept it, he will definitely fight not late /60 or 70 in the first month, such as 50 or 60 days, and he will ask for advice/be absent-minded. 6. All the following options can show that Zhao Chongguo is safe and prudent.

(2) To cross Huangshui, the road is narrow, and Xu Xingkai is all over the country. (3) don't break the thin open first, and then zero will be unprofitable first.

(4) should be concise and clear to arrive, to do, and the way to win. I know there is nothing strong can do. ⑤ Leave 10,000 people for land reclamation until they leave A, 126B, 235C, 145D, 3467. Among the following options, one of the mistakes in analyzing the meaning of the text is () (3 points). A: Zhao Chongguo was a cavalry when he was young, and later he was transferred to Chang 'an to ride a feather forest to be the emperor's bodyguard.

He went to Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged. The Han army ran out of food for several days and suffered heavy casualties.

Zhao Chongguo led 100 deus ex, followed by Li Guang's brigade, and finally escaped. In order to prevent the Qiang attack, Zhao Chongguo sent the main force to cross the Yellow River at night and build a position on the other side overnight.

Ignoring the challenge of the rebels riding horses in front of the front line, he first sent people to spy out the terrain ahead and the enemy's situation. C, Zhao Chongguo March is given priority to with reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time.

When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle.

D. After Zhao Chongguo resigned from his post after he was ill at home, every time the imperial court discussed major frontier defense issues, he often took part in planning or asked him for solutions. 8. Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese (10).

(1) It's difficult for the soldiers to cross the border. I'd like to go to Jincheng in a hurry. (3 points) (2) A good soldier is a career person, not a person.

(3 points) (3) This scoundrel can't insist, but if he is slow, he will ignore it, and if he is urgent, he will die. (4 points) Reference answer: 4. D worry: 5. D A Yu: than/from B zhi: pronoun, indicating that if/or d is used in the same way, it is equivalent to preposition Yu plus pronoun. 6.A7 and B did not send the main force to cross the river at night, but sent three teams to cross the river first.

It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air. The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then make plans to deal with it.

(65,438+0 is a graph of degrees and 65,438+0 is a sentence meaning) 2 People who can fight can master the enemy, not be mastered by the enemy. (to 65,438+0, passive sentence 65,438+0, sentence meaning 65,438+0) These are desperate bandits. Let's not push them too hard.

Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back and work hard. (poverty, urgency and death 1 min, sentence meaning 1 min) with reference translation Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), whose name was Weng Sun, was an official in Longxi, Western Han Dynasty.

He was originally a cavalry, but later, because he was good at riding and shooting, he joined the body guard and became a good son of six counties. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (99 BC), he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased.

Guo Chong led hundreds of strong men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers, and finally the clearance was completed. In the third year of Han Yuankang, Xianling and Han Kai were both Xiqiang races, each with its own toast, and they became enemies because of mutual attacks.

Later, the Huns joined forces with other Qiang people, made a covenant with each other, and relieved their hatred. Zhao Di, Emperor Gaozu, heard about it and asked Zhao Chongguo.

When he was in his seventies, Emperor Zhao thought he was very old. Zhao Chongguo replied: "There is no better candidate than the old minister." Emperor Zhao said, "Can the general predict the current strength of the Qiang people and how many soldiers and horses he intends to take?" Zhao Chongguo said, "Seeing is believing. It's hard to imagine a war breaking out of thin air.

The old minister wants to go to Jincheng first, and then plan to attack and beg. "Zhao Chongguo in Jincheng, ten thousand soldiers wanted to cross the river, again afraid of being intercepted by qiang people.

He sent three battalions of soldiers to cross the river quietly at night. After crossing the river, they immediately set up camp to guard against the invasion of Qiang people. At dawn, all the sergeants crossed the river safely in turn. After the Qiang people discovered it, they sent hundreds of cavalry to harass around the Han army.

Zhao Chongguo thinks that Qiang Qi is always brave and good at fighting, and it is difficult to subdue him. Moreover, this may be a trick of the Qiang people to lure the enemy, so they ordered: "Our army and horses have just crossed the river and are a little tired. There is no need to pursue Qiang riding. The goal of attacking Qiang people is to destroy them. You don't have to be greedy if you ride nearly a hundred. " Zhao Chongguo sent cavalry in the vicinity and ytterbium qing reconnaissance in these two places, found no qiang people.

So he took his troops to Luodu at night and called the generals of various ministries and said, "I knew Qiang people were not good at using troops. If we send thousands of men to look around and watch the cymbals, how can our army enter? " So, he pushed to the west and came to the mansion in Dewey West, where he ate and drank every day. Both the sergeant and the foot soldiers hope to contribute to him. The Qiang people came to provoke him several times, and Zhao Chongguo ordered them to stick to it. Emperor Zhao ordered Zhao Chongguo to attack.

Zhao Chongguo wrote a letter, repenting his sins and dissecting his own interests, saying, "I heard from Sun Tzu's Art of War that' a man who is good at fighting can control the enemy, but not be controlled by the enemy'. Since the Qiang people invaded, we must train our military forces in an orderly way, so that we can get earlier and earlier. This is the way to win.

According to the old minister, if you can destroy zero first, even if you don't crusade, it will naturally submit; One thousand at the beginning of the year has been completely annihilated, and it is rare to open it, so it is not too late to attack again in the first month. "Zhao emperor accepted Zhao Chongguo's opinion.

Then Zhao Chongguo led his troops to attack the first zero, the first zero, because he lived in peace for a long time and let his guard down. When he saw the army of the Han Dynasty, he left his equipment and tried to cross Huangshui for his life. Because of the narrow road, Zhao Chongguo had to retreat slowly. Some people say, "Chasing the first batch of deserters is a great opportunity to make contributions."

Zhao Chongguo said, "These are desperate robbers. We shouldn't push them too hard. Chase them slowly, and they will run away; But if they are in a hurry, they may come back to work hard. "

The chief of the Qiang nationality forgot and came to surrender automatically. After Zhao Chongguo gave him food, he still told him to go back and convince others. At one time, more than ten thousand Qiang people surrendered. Zhao Chongguo expected the Qiang people to disintegrate on their own, so he sent all the cavalry back and asked for permission to leave 10,000 soldiers in the local wasteland.

5. How to translate the classical Chinese version of Zhao Han Guo Chongchuan: Zhao Chongguo (52 years before 137 BC), a merchant of the Western Han Dynasty, was a brave and resourceful strategist who made outstanding contributions to the reclamation policy at that time. He is calm, brave and far-sighted. When I was a teenager, I studied military as well as art of war. In BC 1 19, with the victory of the third large-scale conquest of Xiongnu by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, 700,000 people emigrated to strengthen the northern border defense. In the area from Shuofang in the east to Yongdeng County in the west until today, Union officials were set up to supply cattle and plows to immigrants, and the pasture became an agricultural area. Zhao Chongguo is a year of family migration.

In 99 BC, he attacked the Xiongnu with Li Guangli, the general of the Second Division, and was completely besieged by the Xiongnu. Han soldiers had no food for several days, and the casualties increased. Guo Chong led hundreds of brave men to break through the trap, followed by Li Guangli and soldiers. They were injured in more than 20 places and were finally cleared out. Guangli told the emperor about this situation. The emperor received Guo Chong, personally saw the trauma, sighed as a warrior, worshipped the corps commander, and moved the car to ride the general. When Emperor Zhaodi was Emperor Zhaodi, he moved the corps commander and Shuiheng as a captain. He fought against the Huns again, captured the king of the Western Qi and returned home, and was promoted to a captain and a post-general to protect Qiang. In 74 BC, because of the contribution of the general Huo Guang, he was named the Empress Hou.

In the later period of Liang Wudi, the Qiang people living in present-day Qinghai Province often invaded the mainland and occupied the city slightly. Xiongnu also wanted to unite Qiang people to invade the Han Dynasty. Faced with this situation, Emperor Wu proposed to cut off the Xiongnu's right arm, referring to this alliance, but the soldiers sent were also defeated by the Qiang people. At this time, Qiang Jin gradually moved to the north of Huangshui, looking for a place where farmers abandoned farming to graze. At the same time, Qiang tribes also have a tendency to unite, and county officials can't ban it. At this time, the Huns wanted to collude with the Qiang people and expand their intrusion into the Western Han Dynasty. The army sent by the Han Dynasty to Haojiao (east of Datong River in Qinghai Province today) was defeated by the Qiang people and suffered heavy losses. In the first year of Shenjue (6 1 year BC), Zhao Chongguo was in his seventies, and he was still supervising the army in the west, defeating the Qiang people. After coming back, the three parties wrote to the imperial court, analyzed the situation in detail, suggested nip in the bud, and put forward the idea of "reclaiming the sea with soldiers", which was appreciated by Xuan Di. Because he was old, Xuan Di asked him, "Who is the most suitable for sending troops?" He replied happily: "There is no more suitable candidate than the old minister." Ask again: "How many men do you need?" "Seeing is believing. I want to go to Jincheng (near Lanzhou today) immediately to measure the terrain and write a plan. Your majesty, I'll take care of this. "He led less than ten thousand cavalry, set out quickly, skillfully crossed the Yellow River, gain a foothold, ready to fight. On the banks of the Huangshui River, the Qiang people challenged many times, but he couldn't hold on. He just surrendered with prestige and dissolved the plan of the Qiang tribe. At this time, he suggested that the imperial court take the wasteland in Huangzhong (now on both sides of Huangshui River in Qinghai Province) as a long-term solution, and put forward the method of raising grain on the spot, which can "make grain because of fields" and "residents can merge fields without losing agriculture"; "The way to win by sitting"; "12 stools" such as "big expenses save, the corvee pays interest in advance". This played a great supporting role in the frequent wars at that time, reduced the burden on the people, and has always influenced future generations.

After Guo Chong's death, Huo Guang and others painted a portrait in Weiyang Palace, which overflowed into Zhuang and was buried in Yang (northwest of Imashimizu County). Now it is listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. Zhao Chongguo's March is mainly based on reconnaissance, and ready to fight at any time. When camping, strengthen camp defense, slow and steady, and no fighting is unplanned. Love your soldiers and you will win the battle. After the old man resigned from his home, the court often participated in the strategy or asked him for advice whenever discussing major border defense issues.

Han Shu, also known as Pre-Han Shu, was compiled by Ban Gu, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty in China. It lasted for more than 20 years, and was basically completed at the initial stage of its establishment, which was later interpreted by Yan Shigu in the Tang Dynasty. It is the first biographical dynastic history in China, and it is one of the "twenty-four histories". Hanshu is another important historical book in ancient China after Shiji, and it is called "the first four histories" together with Shiji, Houhanshu and The History of the Three Kingdoms. Hanshu mainly describes the historical events of 230 years from the first year of Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC) to the fourth year of Emperor Wangmang of the New Dynasty (23 AD). Hanshu includes twelve chapters, eight tables, ten records, seventy biographies and one hundred * * *. Later generations divided it into 120 volumes with 800,000 words.

Author information:

Ban Gu (AD 32 ~ 92) was the son of Ban Biao, a historian of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the younger brother of Ban Chao, whose name was Meng Jian, who was born in Fufeng Anling (now Xianyang, Shaanxi). Born in the eighth year of Jianwu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he died in the fourth year of Yongyuan in the Eastern Han Dynasty at the age of 6 1 year. Since childhood, Ban Gu has been very clever. "At the age of nine, he could become a writer and recite poems and poems." As an adult, he read widely. "There are nine schools of thought that are all poor." He is the author of six volumes of White Tiger's Theory of Tongde, one hundred and twenty volumes of Hanshu and seventeen volumes of Anthology.

Creative background:

Because Historical Records only wrote the early years of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, many people wrote sequels for it at that time. According to the records in the Book of Changes, there are more than ten people who wrote the sequel to Historical Records, such as Liu Xiang, Liu Xin, and so on, whose title is still called Historical Records. Ban Gu's father, Ban Biao (AD 3 ~ AD 54), was very dissatisfied with these sequels, so he chose Different Stories about Old Events as Historical Records and Postscript of Sixty-five. After Ban Biao's death, Ban Gu, who was only 22 years old, began to sort out his father's manuscripts, determined to follow in his father's footsteps and complete this masterpiece.

6. At that time, the country was old at the age of 70, which made the ancient doctors in China fall ill and ask who could be a doctor. When they filled in more than 70 countries, they were old, and the minister asked who could be a doctor. When they filled in the country, they said, "Wu.

There are more people who change hands than old ministers. He asked, "How many people should a general use when he visits Lu Qiang?" ? "Charge kingdom yue:

"Seeing is believing. It is difficult for the soldiers to cross the border. I am willing to race to Jincheng to make a plan. However, Rong Xiaoyi's fate has returned to the picture of the Qiang nationality.

Soon, may your majesty's dying veteran not bear your sorrow. "Month * * * smiled and said," Promise. "