Talking about the people's livelihood in China in the light of reality.

China is entering the mobile era. 20 1 1 year, the floating population in China reaches 230 million, accounting for 17% of the total population, that is, 1 person in every six people in China is a floating population. In the next 20 years, another 300 million rural people will enter cities and towns.

How to make this huge mobile team enjoy the treatment of citizens? What are the difficulties in strengthening the management service of floating population?

On April 13, the National Conference on Family Planning for Floating Population was held in Nanchang, Jiangxi. The family planning service of floating population has once again attracted people's attention.

Question: Is it difficult to find information?

Large mobility and opaque information are the primary problems faced by the service management of floating population. Today, more than 200 million people have moved to 9.6 million square kilometers of land. Where did they come from and where did they go? What do you do? What is the structure of the family? What are your needs? Many "personal secrets", who will find out? How to find out?

In the design of China population and family planning management terminal, there are population and family planning offices in more than 60,000 towns and streets across the country, with an average of about 6 people in each town and 3 people in each street. Scattered to each community, there are also 1 person.

The public service advantage of the population and family planning network "horizontally to the edge and vertically to the end" provides convenience for the information statistics of floating population. Since 2009, the population and family planning system has vigorously built an information platform for all floating population to find out the "family background" of the floating population.

"In addition to fully receiving the information of permanent residents counted by the public security department, we have also established a community-based real population information timely collection and update mechanism." Li Xianchun, director of the Propaganda Department of the Jiangxi Provincial Population and Family Planning Commission, said that community flow controllers regularly collect information from households, do a good job of registering the inflow and outflow population, report it to the street family planning office for entry into the provincial population information database, and communicate with the national database information in real time.

"At present, all national and provincial floating population databases have been basically established, and the dynamic management of floating population information in the country has been initially realized." Wang Xia, director of the National Population and Family Planning Commission, introduced.

Relying on this information network, the National Population and Family Planning Commission carried out a dynamic monitoring survey on the survival and development of floating population, carried out a series of studies on population migration and urbanization, and issued the Report on the Development of Floating Population in China for two consecutive years, which provided a basis for scientific decision-making by party committees and governments at all levels.

The second question: Is it difficult to equalize services?

With the new generation of floating population gradually becoming the main body, the trend of family migration and long-term residence in the inflow area is obvious, their demand for employment, housing, social security, education and health is growing day by day, and their awareness of rights protection is significantly enhanced.

How to meet the needs of more than 200 million floating population for equal access to basic public services has also become a major challenge at present and in the future.

Since 2009, the National Population and Family Planning Commission, together with the Central Comprehensive Management Office, the Ministry of Finance and Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, has launched a pilot project to promote the equalization of basic family planning services for floating population in 49 cities across the country, so as to enhance the ability of free services and employment security for floating population.

All localities take the "citizen treatment" of population and family planning services as the starting point to promote the equalization of basic public services for floating population.

Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province broke the dual population management model, incorporated migrant workers into the urban development plan, and implemented the same publicity, service and management as the registered population. "New Wuxi people" not only enjoy vocational training and public employment services, but also their children receive compulsory education on an equal footing with the registered population and enjoy free vaccination and family planning services.

"The tentacles of equalization of basic family planning services for floating population also extend to education, medical care, social security and other fields." Chen Xiaofei, director of the Population and Family Planning Commission of Xihu District, Nanchang City, said that in addition to visiting the construction sites and communities every month, the street family planning service center in this district provides free reproductive health consultation, general survey and distribution of contraceptives for floating women of childbearing age, and also provides love insurance for children aged 0-6 for floating family planning families, provides sunshine grants for children of pure female families, and arranges free study places for children of floating population who leave school at 3: 30 pm.

Driven by the pilot project, the 20 1 1 national floating population contraceptive, pregnancy test, four operations free rate has been significantly improved. This year, the pilot scope of the national free pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination project will be expanded to 60% of counties (cities, districts).

Three questions: Is the problem difficult to solve?

Wang Xia pointed out that when 20 1 1 year, the urbanization rate of China will reach 5 1.27%. How to strengthen and innovate social management, guide the orderly migration of population, and make the population distribution adapt to the layout of productive forces and the carrying capacity of resources and environment is a major issue to promote the healthy development of urbanization.

Zhai Zhenwu, dean of the School of Social and Population Studies of Renmin University of China, believes that in addition to unified population management, it is necessary to speed up the construction of new countryside, realize local urbanization, limited citizenization, residential gardening and agricultural modernization, so as to change the situation of unbalanced population distribution, unprecedented pressure and "depression" of rural population in big cities.

The imbalance in the number and structure of population development in China is also highlighted in the floating population.

Statistics and monitoring data show that in recent years, the number of floating women of childbearing age in China and the proportion of children going abroad have increased year by year. 20 1 1 year, there are about 67 million floating married women of childbearing age, accounting for 1/4 of the total number of married women of childbearing age in China, and the number of children born outside the home accounts for 60% of the total floating population in China. This group is also one of the high-risk groups of unplanned birth and unbalanced sex ratio at birth.

At present, the population of Guangdong, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Beijing, Jiangsu and Fujian provinces (cities) accounts for more than 86% of the national total; The floating population in Anhui, Sichuan, Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi and Guizhou provinces accounts for more than 72% of the national total. How to establish a regional cooperation mechanism between the inflow and outflow areas, do a good job in information verification, policy propaganda and technical services for key targets, and reduce unplanned births and "two non-medical needs" (artificial termination of pregnancy by identifying fetal sex).

Wan Ping, a first-line traffic controller, manages the Jianshe Bridge Community in Cross Street, Xihu District, Nanchang City. Now, the first thing Wan Ping does when she goes to work every day is to turn on the computer and log on to the "Jiangxi Mobile Management Information Platform" to see if there is any investigation information sent from other places. If yes, immediately go to the door to understand the arrangement, cooperate with the inflow place to verify the information of the local outflow object, and implement the necessary management measures.

Wang Xia pointed out that after three years' efforts, the population and family planning system has basically established a national "one chess game" working mechanism of floating population family planning with "overall management, equal service, information sharing, regional cooperation and two-way assessment". The compliance rate of floating population's birth policy has increased year by year, from 8 1.8% in 2009 to 83.5% in 20 10.