Hello, brothers and sisters, please tell me the geographical location of Malacca City along the Strait of Malacca, as well as the geographical structure and appearance of the city.

The Strait of Malacca (English: Strait of Malacca; Malay: Selat Melaka) is the strait between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. The Strait of Malacca runs southeast-northwest. Its northwest end is connected to the Andaman Sea of ??the Indian Ocean, and its southeast end is connected to the South China Sea. The total length of the strait is about 1080 kilometers, with a maximum width of 370 kilometers in the northwest and a narrowest point of only 37 kilometers in the southeast. It is an international waterway connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans.

The Strait of Malacca is named after the ancient city of Malacca along the coast. Malacca City was originally a small fishing village located on the southern coast of the Malay Peninsula. From the mid-15th century, it began to prosper, established the Kingdom of Mansaka, and unified the Malay Peninsula. By the beginning of the 16th century, the city of Malacca was already very prosperous, no less prosperous than the famous Mediterranean cities such as Venice, Alexandria and Genoa at that time. The Strait of Malacca is the chokepoint connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It is an important sea channel for the coastal countries of Asia, Africa, Australia and Europe. The oil and strategic materials imported by many developed countries must be shipped out here.

The Strait of Malacca is located between the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. It is named after Malacca, an ancient city on the southern coast of the Malay Peninsula. The strait connects the Andaman Sea to the west and the South China Sea to the east. It runs northwest-southeast and is about 1080 kilometers long. Together with the Singapore Strait at the exit, it is 1185 kilometers. It is 370 kilometers wide in the northwest and 37 kilometers wide in the southeast. It covers an area of ??64,000 square kilometers. The seabed is relatively flat and sandy. The water depth decreases from north to south and east to west, generally ranging from 25 to 115 meters. There are many small islands in the southeastern mouth of the gorge. Some of the small islands have rocks and sand ridges on their edges, which hinder navigation. The main deep-water channel is located on the east side of the strait, with a width of 2.7 to 3.6 kilometers, and can navigate giant ships with a draft of 20 meters. The west coast of the strait is low and flat, with large swamps, muddy islands and mangrove beaches, making it difficult for large ships to dock.

The Strait of Malacca is located in the equatorial windless zone, with high temperatures and rain all year round, with very little wind. The average annual temperature is above 25°C, and the average annual precipitation is 2000 to 2500 mm. It reaches 3000 mm or more in places such as Malacca Port. . Most of the year, the wind is light. Severe storms may occur from April to May and October to November, but they generally last only a few dozen minutes and do not greatly hinder ship navigation. The world says that the Malacca Strait is calm. Navigating the straits.

The Strait of Malacca is an important waterway connecting the Pacific and Indian Oceans. With a navigation history of more than 2,000 years, it is an important part of the global shipping route. On average, more than 200 ships pass through it every day, and more than 80,000 ships pass through it every year, making it one of the busiest seas in the world after the Strait of Dover-English Channel. However, the width of the strait is narrow, and there are beaches and sandbars in it, with 37 places shallower than 23 meters. In addition, shipwrecks in the past have hindered the passage of giant oil tankers, so strandings of giant ships continue to occur, including oil tankers with a load of more than 200,000 tons. They had to take a detour through the Lombok Strait in Indonesia, which added more than 2,000 kilometers to the voyage. At the same time, sediment on both sides of the strait continues to accumulate into the strait, and the coastline stretches forward approximately 60 to 500 meters every year. If sedimentation continues at this rate, the Strait of Malacca will disappear within 1,000 years. Therefore, strengthening channel dredging and comprehensive management is an arduous task.

The water depth in the southern part of the Malacca Strait rarely exceeds 37 meters (120 feet), and is generally about 27 meters (90 feet). The seabed becomes deeper toward the northwest, and the water depth at the confluence with the Andaman Sea Basin is about Up to 200 meters (650 feet). There are many small islands at the southern entrance of the Strait, some of which have rocks and sand ridges on their edges, thus hindering navigation at the southern entrance of the Strait of Malacca. It has been determined that the sand ridges were deposited by material entrained in river water from Sumatra. Geologically speaking, the Strait of Malacca is part of the Sunda Shelf. It was a continuous lowland at the beginning of the fourth century (about 1.6 million years ago). It seems to have never been there since the late third century (about 7 million years ago). Affected by crustal movement, the current outline was formed by rising seawater soaked by the melting of land ice at high latitudes during the post-glacial period.

Coastal swamps can often be seen on both sides of the Strait of Malacca. There is a large, low-lying swamp forest along the coast of eastern Sumatra. There is sedimentation on both sides of the strait, and the extent of sedimentation near the mouth of the large river varies. On the coast of Malaya, the annual extent of sedimentation is about 9 meters (30 feet), while on the eastern coast of Sumatra it is about 200 meters (650 feet).

The climate in the Straits of Malacca is hot and humid. The northeast monsoon prevails in winter and the southwest monsoon prevails in summer. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1,941 mm (76 inches) to 2,565 mm (101 inches). The sea currents flow northwest all year round. Current, the surface temperature of seawater in the eastern part of the strait is 30.5~31℃ (87~88℉); the surface temperature of seawater in the west is 4℉ lower than the water temperature in the east. Since there are several large rivers flowing into the strait immediately adjacent to the land, the water in the Malacca Strait has low salinity.

The Strait of Malacca, the coast is beautiful and rich. The annual average temperature is above 25°C, and the annual rainfall is about 3,000 mm. Tropical jungles cover both sides of the bank, and evergreen trees up to 60 meters high can be seen everywhere. Various vines and climbing plants are entangled between the giant trees like a dragnet. Both sides of the Taiwan Strait are important producing areas of tropical rubber, tin and oil.

Penang Island at the northwest end has beautiful scenery and is known as the "Pearl of the Orient".

The island of Singapore at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula is shaped like a sitting lion, and people call it the "Lion City". Singapore is adjacent to the Strait to the south, which is the throat between the South China Sea, the Java Sea and the Strait of Malacca. The Republic of Singapore consists of 54 islands and 9 reefs. Surrounded by the ocean, the temperature is high but not hot, with dense woods, green grass, and a carefully landscaped environment that is managed in an orderly manner. It can be said that there is no bare ground and no flying dust. It is convincingly believed that this is a beautiful garden city. Therefore, in this land of more than 600 square kilometers, one to two million tourists come every year. Its first-class sanitation and first-class services have won praise from the world.

The Strait of Malacca is an important international waterway, both economically and militarily. Its importance is comparable to that of the Suez Canal or the Panama Canal.

The Strait of Malacca is an important waterway between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. The Strait of Malacca is an important channel between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, connecting the three most populous countries in the world: China, India and Indonesia. In addition, it is also an important channel for oil from West Asia to East Asia. Japan, an economic power, often calls the Strait of Malacca its "lifeline."

About 50,000 ships pass through the Strait of Malacca every year. With China's economic rise, it is estimated that this number will double in 20 years. It accounts for one-fifth to one-quarter of the world's maritime trade. A quarter of the world's oil tankers pass through the Strait of Malacca. For example: In 2003, an estimated 11 million barrels of oil (approximately 1,700,000 m3) passed through the Strait of Malacca a day. As a waterway connecting the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, the Strait of Malacca is the shortest sea lane between India and China, and is therefore one of the busiest waterways for water transportation in the world. In its early years it helped legions of Asian immigrants navigate their way through the Malay Archipelago. The Strait of Malacca was successively controlled by the Arabs, Portuguese, Dutch and British.

In the 20th century, oil wells on the eastern coast of Sumatra not far from the Sunda Shelf have led some oil companies to start exploring for oil in the Strait of Malacca. The Strait of Malacca is used by, among other things, large oil tankers that ply between Middle East oil fields and seaports in Japan and other East Asian countries. Japan calls it the "maritime lifeline"

The Strait of Malacca is an important international waterway, both economically and militarily. Its importance is comparable to that of the Suez Canal or the Panama Canal.

The Strait of Malacca is an important passage between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, connecting the three most populous countries in the world: China, India and Indonesia. In addition, it is also an important channel for oil from West Asia to East Asia. Japan, an economic power, often calls the Strait of Malacca its "lifeline." About 50,000 ships pass through the Strait of Malacca every year. With China's economic rise, it is estimated that this number will double in 20 years. It accounts for one-fifth to one-quarter of the world's maritime trade. A quarter of the world's oil tankers pass through the Strait of Malacca. For example: In 2003, an estimated 11 million barrels of oil (approximately 1,700,000m?) passed through the Strait of Malacca a day.

1. The problem of narrow strait access, the Strait of Malacca

For example, the southern outlet of the Strait of Malacca, a waterway near Singapore (English: Phillips Channel), is 805 kilometers long, but it is the narrowest It is only 37 kilometers wide. causing inconvenience to maritime traffic.

2. Piracy is rampant

Because the Strait of Malacca is a busy waterway, and there are many narrow places in the strait. In the 19th century, the Strait of Malacca was a strait where pirates were rampant. Pirates rob merchant ships. Piracy has not disappeared in the 21st century, and is becoming increasingly rampant. This is due to the increase in cargo ships in the Malacca Strait, and the limited strength of the navies of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore. The Malacca Strait is the junction of the three countries, and there are some problems in international cooperation. The number of modern piracy incidents in the Strait of Malacca increased from 25 in 1994 to 220 in 2000. In 2003, there were 150 cases, accounting for one-third of the world's piracy incidents. In order to combat pirates, the navies of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore have increased the number of patrols since July 2004, and will patrol the Strait of Malacca around the clock throughout the year.

3. The threat of terrorism

Because the width of the Malacca Strait is only 37 kilometers at its narrowest point, and its depth is only 25 meters. Many experts worry if terrorists sink some ships in these areas. It will cause huge losses to the world economy.

4. Smog caused by Indonesia

Because forest fires often occur in Indonesia, and some Indonesians have the tradition of burning forests for fire farming, smog often appears in the Strait of Malacca. affecting navigation safety. Sometimes the visibility is only 200 meters.

5. As the water depth becomes shallower, stranding accidents may occur. The seabed of the Strait of Malacca is flat and mostly made of sand. The water flow is gentle and easy to accumulate sediment, so there are a large number of shoals and sandbars underwater. Large cruise ship groundings happen from time to time. Some predict that due to rapid sedimentation on both sides of the Strait, the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra may be connected in a thousand years, and the Malacca Strait will disappear.

Attitudes of various countries

1. Coastal countries The coastal countries of the Malacca Strait, namely Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Among them, India and Malaysia have always opposed the intervention of external forces in the Malacca Strait, believing that this would be an infringement of their sovereignty. The three coastal countries have always followed three principles in handling affairs in the Strait of Malacca: coastal countries have sovereignty over the affiliated waters and the obligation to maintain security; recognize that relevant major powers have interests in the region; and all actions must respect national sovereignty and be based on international law. The three coastal countries signed a treaty on the Malacca Strait in November 1971, opposing the "internationalization" of the Strait and declaring that the three countries would independently manage the affairs of the Strait. Experts believe that the three coastal countries will selectively accept help from major powers, but only provide low-level, indirect help such as equipment, backup, and training. They can only provide indirect help to strengthen the patrol capabilities of the straits, thereby effectively Control and reduce the occurrence of piracy and terrorist attacks, rather than allowing major powers to directly intervene in the affairs of the Malacca Strait.

2. The People’s Republic of China: 85% of the oil in the People’s Republic of China relies on water transportation. Most of them need to pass through the Strait of Malacca. On April 20, 2006, Malaysian Transport Minister Chen Guangcai stated in The Star (English: The Star) that frequent piracy activities in the Malacca Strait have increased people's concerns about the risk of terrorist attacks in the Strait. When Chen Guangcai visited Beijing recently, security in the Malacca Strait was one of the main topics of discussion. China has offered to provide assistance in strengthening security in the Malacca Strait. Assistance will come in the form of an exchange of information and the dispatch of experts to train Malaysian maritime personnel. The Malaysian government has agreed to a memorandum of understanding on maritime cooperation between the two countries proposed by China. The Chinese government will send a group of experts to Malaysia at the end of April of the same year to discuss the details of the memorandum. Once the strait is controlled by forces with ulterior motives, it will greatly affect China's shipping safety. China and the Strait of Malacca have a deep connection. Historically, Chinese navigators passed through this strait much earlier than Westerners. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty in the early 15th century, Zheng He led a huge fleet through the Strait of Malacca, breaking through vast expanse of blue waves, sailing through the vast Indian Ocean, leaving Chinese footprints in West Asia and East Africa. To this day, the largest Chinese cemetery outside China remains along the Strait of Malacca, some of which can be traced back to the time of Zheng He's voyages to the West.

3. The United States. Due to the important status of the Malacca Strait, the United States has been exaggerating that the Malacca Strait faces serious piracy and terrorism threats in recent years in order to intervene in the Malacca Strait. In June 2005, while attending the Fourth Asian Security Conference in Singapore, U.S. Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld repeatedly mentioned that the naval forces of coastal countries were unable to cope with piracy and terrorist attacks, and hoped that the U.S. military could be stationed in the region, saying that the United States was willing to do so. Formed a joint patrol team with coastal countries to ensure the safety of the Malacca Strait, but was rejected by Malaysia and Indonesia. Some experts believe that the United States intervened in the Malacca Strait to contain the rise of China.