What are the three inter-basin water transfer projects in China?

Diversion of Luanhe River into Tang Dynasty, Yellow River and South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Diversion of Luanhe River into Tang Dynasty: The Luanhe River Diversion Project consists of four major projects: Luanhe River Diversion Project, Qiuzhuang Reservoir Project, Douluan River Diversion Project and douhe reservoir Project. The Luanhe River Diversion Project can deliver 500-800 million cubic meters of water to Tangshan City and the lower reaches of Douhe River, take water from Daheiting Reservoir of Luanhe River, cross-basin input to Qiuzhuang Reservoir, a tributary of Jiyun Canal, cross Shuiling River and Douhe River from Qiuzhuang Reservoir, transfer water to douhe reservoir via the west branch of Douhe River, and then transfer water from douhe reservoir to the lower reaches and Tangshan City for urban life and industrial and agricultural production.

Diversion from the Yellow River to Qingdao: It is to dig a channel near Lijin in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and introduce the Yellow River water to Jiaolai River to Qingdao to solve the water shortage problem in Qingdao. This project was completed on 1992. Relieve the industrial and agricultural production and people's living water in Qingdao, and also prevent seawater from flowing backwards and land subsidence in Qingdao.

South-to-North Water Diversion Project: After the concept of "South-to-North Water Diversion Project" was put forward in 1950s, after decades of research, the overall layout of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was determined as: transferring water from the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to meet the development needs of northwest and north China, namely, the West Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion, the Middle Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion and the East Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion. The Master Plan of South-to-North Water Transfer Project recommends three water transfer routes: the eastern route, the middle route and the western route. Through the connection of three water transfer lines with the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Huaihe River and the Haihe River, the overall layout with "four horizontals and three verticals" as the main body is formed, which is conducive to realizing the rational allocation pattern of water resources in China.

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