Can apple seedlings imported from Gansu be planted in Tacheng, Xinjiang?

Apple seedlings introduced from Gansu cannot be planted in Tacheng, Xinjiang, because apple trees are temperate fruit trees that like low temperature and dryness, and it is required that there is no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. The suitable temperature range is the annual average temperature of 9 ~ 14℃, the extreme low temperature in winter is not lower than-12℃, the highest monthly average temperature in summer is not higher than 20℃, while the temperature in Tacheng, Xinjiang is above 20℃, with the longest hot period of 90 days and the longest hot period of 29 days. It is not suitable for the planting environment and climate of apple trees, so apple seedlings introduced from Gansu can be planted in Tacheng, Xinjiang.

Apple (scientific name: Apple) belongs to the genus Malus in Rosaceae, and its trees are deciduous trees. Apple fruit is rich in minerals and vitamins and is one of the most commonly eaten fruits.

Apple is a low-calorie food, producing only 60 kilocalories per100g. The nutrients in apples are easily soluble and absorbed by the human body, so they are called "living water", which is beneficial to dissolve sulfur and make the skin smooth and tender.

Production cultivation

Climatic requirements

temperature

Apple tree is a temperate fruit tree that likes low temperature and dryness. It requires no cold in winter and no heat in summer. The suitable temperature range is the annual average temperature of 9 ~ 14℃, the extreme low temperature in winter is not lower than-12℃, the highest monthly average temperature in summer is not higher than 20℃, the annual accumulated temperature is ≥ 10℃, and the average temperature in the growing season (April ~ 10) is about 5000℃. It is generally believed that apples can be planted in areas where the annual average temperature is 7.5 ~ 14℃. The natural dormancy period of apples is very long. If the temperature in winter is too high to reach the low temperature required for winter dormancy, the germination in spring will be uneven.

Judging from the areas with the most apples in the world, the average temperature in Leng Yue in winter (65438+ 10 in the northern hemisphere and July in the southern hemisphere) is between-10 ~ 10℃, which can meet the requirements of low temperature for apples. The average temperature of the main apple producing areas in China 1 month is within this range. The average temperature 12 ~ 18℃ in the growing period (4 ~ 65438+ 10 month) and 18 ~ 24℃ in the summer (June ~ August) are the most suitable for apple growth. In autumn, the temperature is high during the day and low at night, and the fruit has high sugar content, good coloring, thick peel, more fruit powder and storage resistance.

deposit

The precipitation per mu during the apple growing period is about 180mm. Generally, natural precipitation can actually be absorbed by fruit trees, which is about 1/3, so it is enough to have a precipitation of 540 mm during the growing period. Areas with rainfall below 450 mm from April to September need irrigation. The distribution of precipitation in northern China is uneven, with 70-80% concentrated in July and August, and the amount of water is insufficient in spring. There is little precipitation and water shortage in inland areas, so irrigation conditions and soil and water conservation measures must be considered when building gardens and selecting land, and drainage measures should also be paid attention to in rainy season.

sunlight

Apple is a light-loving tree, and it can grow normally only when there is enough light. According to the measurement of Shandong Agricultural University, the light compensation point of Jinguan and emerging areas in Tai 'an is 600 ~ 800 m candle, and the saturation point is 3500 ~ 4500 m candle. In this range, the light intensity increases and photosynthesis is also strengthened. Insufficient sunshine will cause a series of reactions such as excessive growth of branches and leaves, weakness, poor resistance to pests and diseases, less differentiation of flower buds, less nutrient storage, low flowering and fruit setting rate, affected root growth, low sugar content of fruits, and chromatic aberration.

land

Soil has a great influence on the growth, yield and quality of apples. The main factors are soil layer, soil ventilation and soil quality. In short, apples need deep soil, good drainage, rich organic matter, slightly acidic to slightly alkaline.

wind

Strong winds often bring many adverse effects to the growth and development of apples, such as causing crown deflection, affecting flowering, pollination, destroying leaf organs, fruit dropping and so on. Therefore, windbreaks must be built to establish apple orchards in windy areas.

Tacheng area in Xinjiang is located in the northwest of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and in the middle of Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, which belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate zone in the middle temperate zone. It has jurisdiction over Tacheng, emin county, Yumin, Tori, Wusu, Shawan and Bukesaier Mongolian Autonomous Counties. Five counties (cities) border Kazakhstan with a border of 546 kilometers.

Climatic characteristics

Tacheng area belongs to the arid and semi-arid climate zone in the middle temperate zone, with rapid warming in spring and large fluctuations in cold and warm. Monthly average in summer

Talbagatai province

The average temperature is above 20℃, and the longest hot period is 90 days and the longest hot period is 29 days. The temperature drops rapidly in autumn, and it can drop by 20℃ for more than a month. Winter is cold and long, nearly half a year. The annual extreme maximum temperature is 40℃ and the extreme minimum temperature is -40℃. There is a little more precipitation in Tacheng Basin, with an annual average of 290 mm and evaporation1600 mm. There is little precipitation in Junggar Basin, where Wusu, Shawan and Bukesaier counties are located, and the annual average precipitation is less than 150 mm, but the evaporation is as high as 2 100 mm, and the annual average total solar radiation in the whole region is 135. There are strong winds from time to time in the famous Torrey old tuyere and wind line in Xinjiang. Strong winds last for up to 7 days, and the highest wind speed reaches 40 meters per second.

Apple seedlings introduced from Gansu cannot be planted in Tacheng, Xinjiang, because apple trees are temperate fruit trees that like low temperature and dryness, and it is required that there is no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. The suitable temperature range is the annual average temperature of 9 ~ 14℃, the extreme low temperature in winter is not lower than-12℃, the highest monthly average temperature in summer is not higher than 20℃, while the temperature in Tacheng, Xinjiang is above 20℃, with the longest hot period of 90 days and the longest hot period of 29 days. Not suitable for the planting environment and climate of apple trees. The climate in Tacheng, Xinjiang is not suitable for the growth conditions of apple seedlings, so apple seedlings imported from Gansu cannot be planted in Tacheng, Xinjiang.