Introduction to the Characters of Crusader Knight

This book is the finale of Xiankeweiqi's five historical novels. The work depicts the magnificent anti-aggression struggle in Polish history with colorful historical pictures, tortuous plots and vivid characters. In 1399, the Order of Crusaders harassed the Polish border, burning, killing and looting. Facing the national disaster, Juhlander, the owner of the small border castle, and uncles Macko and Byshko devoted themselves to the Great Patriotic War as "little people". Through the tempering of life and suffering, their personal growth and victory in the Great Patriotic War finally became a reality.

A detailed introduction

The Crusader Knight is the last of five world-renowned historical novels by Polish writer Henryk Sienkiewicz, which was published in Warsaw in 19. This work is composed of surging patriotic passion, colorful historical pictures, twists and turns of the story, wonderful layout of twists and turns, seamless structure, vivid characters and dramatic rhetoric, which constitutes an ode to praise strength and justice. The works reflect the anti-aggression struggle in a relatively strong period in Polish history. The whole work is permeated with Poland's national pride as a great country in Europe and its belief in winning in the face of stubborn enemies. It shows the past glory of a great country with a history of thousands of years of civilization, and carries forward the clank of iron and the heroic spirit of the Polish nation. It not only fulfilled the dream of a powerful country for the Polish people who were under foreign slavery when the writer wrote this novel, but also inspired them to carry out an indomitable struggle for the rejuvenation of the motherland. It also proved to the world that although Poland has ceased to exist as a unified and independent country since it was divided up by Russia, Austria and Prussia for the third time in 1795, there is still a motherland in the hearts of Poles, as they sang in a famous song, "As long as we live.

Hen Shankovich was born on May 5th, 1846 in Vukovsky County, Lublin Province, Russian-occupied Poland. Although his family is a declining aristocratic family, it has a deep tradition of patriotism. The writer's father participated in the November uprising against Russia in 183, and his mother was also from a famous family. She was well educated, knowledgeable and widely read, and collected a large number of Polish classics and world literary masterpieces. Influenced by his mother, Xiankeweiqi loved literature since childhood. In 1858, he went to Warsaw to attend middle school. Three years later, his father's manor went bankrupt, and his family moved to Warsaw to make a living on past savings. He was in an embarrassing situation and had to drop out of school to become a tutor. From 1866 to 1871, he studied law and medicine at Warsaw Central University. Later, he transferred to the Polish Language and Literature-History Department of the university. While studying, he worked as a tutor and lived a poor life. It was difficult times and family environment that sharpened his will, nurtured and tempered his creative talent, and created a world-famous literary master.

as early as middle school, xiankeweiqi wrote many beautiful and moving short works, which were written in a vertical direction and showed their sharpness. During his college study, he began to write literary reviews for newspapers and magazines, and at the same time he wrote novels. In 1872, his first novella "In futility" came out, and then his novella collections "Humorous Stories in Walshiva's Bag" and "From Nature and Life" were published. Since then, he has been based on the society as a novelist and journalist. In 1876, he went to the United States as a reporter for Polish newspaper for more than two years, and went to some countries in western Europe on his way home. The trip to the United States and Western Europe not only greatly broadened his horizons and enriched his experience, but also gradually formed his democratic world outlook. As a reporter, he wrote a large number of communication reports for the Polish newspaper, which was later collected as a letter to the United States. During this period, he also created a large number of short stories. At this time, Xiankeweiqi was in the prime of his life, and he was engaged in novel creation, and he became a man of character. His works, regardless of their size, were excellent, and he was known as the "charcoal sketch" of the short stories in world literature. For Bread, Musician Yangke, Lighthouse Keeper, Chief and Orso all came from this period. Generally speaking, the works of this period cover a wide range of subjects, reaching into all aspects of social life in Poland and the United States that the author has heard and witnessed. In these works, like other works of Xiankeweiqi, there are cries of pain, angry accusations and shouts of resistance, but there has never been flattery to the occupiers, nor has there been a desperate cry of the subjugated. Perseverance, rather than surrender, is a major feature of Xiankeweiqi's works.

since may 1883, he has published three historical novels in succession for more than five years: with fire and sword, torrent and Mr. Iovski. These three voluminous masterpieces are all based on the history of Poland in the 17th century. With fire and sword describes the rebellion of KhMirni Tsky, an aristocrat in Ukraine, which was a part of the territory of Poland at that time. Torrent and Mr. Vovoldi Iovski respectively reflect Poland's war against Swedish and Turkish invasions. Because the story and characterization of the works are consistent, they are collectively called Xiankeweiqi's trilogy. With his brilliant pen, Xiankeweiqi recreated the social features of Poland in that period with magnificent and magnificent panoramic scenes, revealed the patriotic spirit of all-powerful national heroes and people who fought bloody battles to defend the motherland and their eternal achievements, and proved that the great Polish nation was invincible. In 1896, Xiankeweiqi completed an exotic historical novel "Where are you going" reflecting the fall of the Roman tyrant Nero. In 195, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature for this work.

From February 1897 to March 19, the writer published "Crusader Knight" in newspapers and periodicals. In order to write this novel, he consulted almost all the existing information about the knights of the Crusader in Poland and European countries, studied the ancient Polish literature in depth, and made a field trip to Marbok, the capital of the knights of the Crusader, to make the stronghold of the knights depicted in the novel real and concrete.

The historical background involved in The Crusader Knight is very profound. The Polish nation established a feudal country in the middle of the tenth century, and the fourth generation monarch of Piast dynasty accepted Christianity in Latin ceremony in 966. At the beginning of the 12th century, there was a feudal separatist regime in the country. In the northeast of Poland, between the Vistula River and the Niemann River, there are Prussians who believe in polytheism. Because of their different religious beliefs from the Poles, they often have wars with the princes of the Principality of Mazovshe in northern Poland. In 1226, Konrad, the maharaja of Mazovshe, decided to introduce the Teutonic Knights of Germany established in Jerusalem during the Crusades to conquer Prussia and cede Khumno to them as a fief. After the knights conquered Prussia, they moved to Germany to immigrate and carried out the Germanization policy in this area. In 1234, the Pope declared Prussia the private property of the Knights. In 1237, the Teutonic Knights merged with the Knights with Sword stationed on the east coast of the Baltic Sea to form a powerful Crusader Knights country, with its capital in Marbok. With the support of the German emperor, the Knights Order countries gradually got rid of the control of Mazzov's princes, and constantly occupied Polish territory, threatening Poland's security, and at the same time occupied Lithuania's territory of Zimuz, threatening Lithuania's security. In 132, Wadyslaw Voketek was crowned king of Poland, and the kingdom of Poland was established on the basis of feudal separatism. In 1355, the princes of Mazovshe recognized the suzerainty of the Polish king. In 137, Poland realized the union with the Hungarian dynasty, because the royal system of Piast dynasty in Poland was interrupted at that time, and Louis, who was of Polish royal descent from Anjou dynasty in Hungary, succeeded to the Polish throne. After Louis's death, his young daughter Yade Vega was crowned king of Poland in Krakow in 1384. In order to fight against the enemy of the Crusader Knights, Lithuanian Archduke Jagevo decided to unite with Poland and came to Krakow in 1386. He was baptized by Christianity according to the Latin ceremony, named Wadyslaw, married Yadevika, and was crowned King of Poland, called Wadysaw II Jagiellonow (1386-1434). In this way, a powerful Poland-Lithuania United Kingdom was formed, and the reign of Yagevo dynasty began in Polish history. In the spring of 149, a great uprising against the Knights broke out in Zimuz, with the support of Vitold, the grand duke of Lithuania, the cousin of Yakewo. By July 15th, 141, the Polish-Lithuanian coalition forces and the Knights fought a decisive battle in grunwald, and the Knights were almost wiped out.

The novel focuses on the eleven-year period from the death of Queen Yadeviga in 1399 to the Battle of grunwald in 141, during which the Polish people suffered from the invasion of the Knights and fought back until they finally won. Between the lines of the work runs through the arduous struggle of the Polish and Lithuanian people against the Knights Order for more than 1 years, which makes the picture in the novel both vivid and prominent, and full of magnificent historical details.

The main clue of the novel is Juhlander's family's cruel treatment by the Knights and Macko's uncle's experiences, and many interludes and branches are set up, interwoven into a structure network with clear primary and secondary, clear context and mutual correlation. The author's narrative is patchy, smooth and natural, and the plot unfolds sometimes like a dragon leaping, a river rushing, and sometimes like a clear stream gurgling, full of poetry and painting. The whole work is full of twists and turns and climaxes. This rigorous conception and layout serve a theme, that is, to show in an all-round and multi-angle way that the Order of Crusaders is the mortal enemy of the Polish and Lithuanian people, and it is natural and human to destroy them.

The writer used his usual extremely sharp writing style, and sketched with creepy pictures and broad background to profoundly expose the greed, cunning, cruelty, viciousness and treachery of the Knights. Even in relatively peaceful times, they frequently provoked wars in the border areas, and even attacked and kidnapped the princes of Mazovshe Principality, who were indebted to the Knights, making Juhlander lose his beloved wife. Later, they hijacked Juhlander's beloved daughter Dan Luxia with intrigue, and tricked Juhlander into their castle, where she was subjected to outrageous humiliation and torture. The example of Juhlander's father and daughter being tortured by the Knights is very typical, but it is by no means an individual phenomenon, but a microcosm of the whole Polish and Lithuanian nation being harmed by the Knights. Since the Knights entered Poland, they have burned and looted everywhere, leaving a scorched earth. On the side of the road and in front of the gate of the Knights Castle, there are gallows hung with innocent bodies everywhere. Poles in the border areas "go to bed at night and never know whether they will be shackled when they wake up tomorrow, whether they will have a sword around their necks, or whether the roof will catch fire". It was the crazy aggression of the Knights that drove the Poles to the last straw and forced them to wage a national war against aggression. Before the outbreak of the war, the writer made a lot of preparations and rendered a tense atmosphere of "an arrow on the string is imminent" and "something unexpected is coming." The battle of grunwald is even more vivid, such as soaring power generation and soaring Changhong. With the support of the Pope, the German emperor and the feudal lords of western countries, the Knights are powerful and imposing, while the Polish-Lithuanian Coalition forces are the teachers of justice. They fought against each other to defend their country, watched the eagle fly, and fought against the wind, and finally beat such a formidable enemy as the Knights out of the water and won a brilliant victory. The description of grunwald's fierce battle in the book is a magnificent and magnificent picture of war rarely seen in Polish literature, which pushes the plot of the novel to a climax and fully shows the heroic qualities of the Polish people who are loyal and loyal to their country.

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