Classification of transnational crime

The following are 17 transnational crimes classified by the United Nations: The purpose of money laundering is to turn illegally obtained funds into legal funds. Most of the cash is obtained through bribery, corruption, black market trading and tax evasion, especially through illegal means such as smuggling weapons, selling stolen goods, reselling cultural relics and drug trafficking.

The most typical money laundering law is to transfer "black money" abroad, and transfer cash to external account through international remittance many times, so that the source of funds can no longer be found out. After these treatments, illegally obtained cash can be legally invested. Governments opposed to international terrorism have long hoped that since the problem can be solved through negotiation and signing agreements, there will be fewer and fewer terrorist acts. However, each mediation failed to satisfy both sides. As a result, terrorist acts remain the same, and with the help of modern transportation and communication tools, it is easier and easier to commit crimes. At the same time, those countries that resolutely crack down on terrorists should always be ready to deal with unexpected actions of terrorists.

At present, it is impossible to establish an international mechanism to ensure the immediate arrest or trial of international terrorists. Criminologists have just begun to try to study this kind of crime that is not limited by nationality. No matter in the 1970s or 1980s, not fade away was hijacked. Occasionally hijackers will demand ransom, but generally speaking, hijackers will make typical political demands that terrorists love to make. They want to show their strength and momentum and publicize their ideology.

Action against hijackers is usually quick and effective. Today, the threat of hijacking has not been completely eliminated, although the frequency of such incidents has decreased. This form of crime seems to have long been forgotten by the world. In the mid-1970s, this trend recovered. Some people illegally traffic drugs from South or Central America to the United States by speedboats or fishing boats. Pirates intercept these drug-trafficking vessels on the high seas or in ports, killing the owners and sailors. Thousands of ships were wrecked like this.

The phenomenon of ship hijacking spread to the narrow navigable canal. Thousands of immigrants from Africa, Southeast Asia and Latin America don't want to miss the opportunity to make a fortune by using ships full of treasures and goods, which often anchor in ports or sail at low speed. Nowadays, this form of crime is decreasing day by day.

There is also a saying that piracy in Southeast Asia is manipulated by some criminal groups connected with the army. Criminologists have concluded that it is no accident that pirate attacks occur all over the world at the same time, and the actions of these criminals are obviously controlled by the same center. Hijacking trucks in a country can be regarded as theft. However, with the development of the world economy, it is common for trucks to travel long distances from Eastern Europe to Western Europe, or from Central Asia to Baltic countries. Unfortunately, the incidence of lost trucks is directly proportional to the growth of cargo flow.

The scale of this crime is still unknown. However, one thing is not optimistic. As the border is becoming more and more open, gang crimes are becoming more and more serious (especially in eastern European countries), and such crimes will be more rampant in the future. The insurance industry has now become an international industry, so insurance fraud in any country will involve every resident in that country. The losses suffered by countries all over the world due to such crimes are incalculable. However, at present, Australia loses 654.38+07 billion Australian dollars every year due to insurance fraud, and the United States loses as much as 654.38+00 billion US dollars every year.

Criminal gangs participate in insurance fraud through some small operators in the field of joint insurance or enter the insurance industry. Law-abiding commercial organizations and government agencies have just set foot in the field of computer services, and the mafia's talons have also reached over. The hands of criminal gangs have reached out to the Internet. Although it is difficult to judge how much the Internet is harmed by criminal offences, criminal gangs are making full use of its various functions.

At present, criminologists only study individual crimes that illegally use the Internet for personal profiteering. Every year, the economic losses caused by computer crimes are as high as $8 billion. The grim situation requires mankind to find ways to protect this field without delay. This increasingly rampant crime includes trafficking in illegal immigrants and prostitutes, trafficking in people from developing countries to work as laborers or domestic servants in places with extremely poor living conditions, and trafficking in children for adoption. Criminals reap huge profits from it.

There are many laws prohibiting this crime. With the opening of the borders of some countries, the laws in this area are becoming stricter and stricter. However, as residents of third world countries try to go to relatively rich countries, the problem remains serious. Most of the illegal trafficking in human beings is manipulated by criminal gangs. Usually, people who stay in developed countries do not have proper jobs, and they gradually become exploited classes, participate in crimes and undermine social order. As we all know, the first kidney transplant was in 1954. Up to now, nearly 500,000 cases of kidney transplantation have been performed worldwide. Transplantation has become an inseparable field in the medical field, and the industry of providing organs has also emerged.

The United States needs about 12000 human organs. Therefore, illegally providing transplanted organs can bring high profits. This kind of transaction is gradually transferred to third world countries. In order to get organs for transplantation, criminals will kill innocent people. What is even sadder is that children from poor families regard their organs as commodities for a little poor reward.

After the news media disclosed the crime of illegally buying and selling human organs, some countries set up special committees and formulated laws to rectify this field. A large number of data show that the illegal purchase of human organs from third world countries is controlled by criminal gangs in some western European countries. The value of drugs in global circulation is $300-500 billion. The World Drug Convention of 196 1 and the United Nations Convention against Illicit Drug Trafficking of 1988 laid the foundation for international supervision. However, due to the following reasons, it is difficult to supervise drug trafficking:

-Due to the lack of necessary funds, the United Nations cannot supervise the implementation of international instruments to combat drug trafficking; At the same time, national and regional drug control plans are not funded and cannot be effective;

-Attitudes to combating drug trafficking vary greatly among countries. Some countries insist on prohibition, while others advocate control and tolerance.

-Many countries lack the necessary legal and technical basis to implement international agreements. Corruption and bribery, bribing social activists, party activists and officials.

At present, in some countries, officials are not punished for bribery, but other types of bribery are within the scope of punishment stipulated in the criminal code. Criminals pay bribes in the name of agency fees, consulting fees, agency fees and legal consulting fees. Bribery is everywhere in the world.

Businessmen and investors often say that it is impossible to do business well without violating the political and commercial rules of the countries where they do business.