During the Ming Dynasty, immigrants from other provinces were the most, and Hunan Province was the most.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, due to the war, the population loss in the two lakes region was even greater. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Xu Shouhui and Chen Youliang in Huangzhou organized an uprising, and fought against Zhu Yuanzhang along the Yangtze River for a long time, and the surrounding areas also suffered greatly. In Xiangyang area, the Red Army of Sonan and Beisuo revolted on this basis, making Xiangyang area even more sparsely populated. In central Hunan and northern Hunan, it is also difficult to escape the disaster of war. "Liling County Records and Clan Records" said: "At the time of Yuan and Ming Dynasties, there were only 18 indigenous people."

Except for a small part of northern Jiangxi, most parts of Jiangxi remain relatively stable with little population loss. In the twenty-sixth year of Hongwu in the early Ming Dynasty (1393), there were 77585 1 household with 4702660 people, and the population density was 12.98 people/square kilometer. Jiangxi has 1553923 households and 898248/kloc-0 households, with a population density of 58.37 people per square kilometer. 1 When the war subsided, the migration to the sparsely populated areas of Hubei and Hunan became unstoppable, and the neighboring Jiangxi people will surely become the main force of this wave of migration. Under this background, the climax of "filling lakes and widening them in Jiangxi" began.

Jiangxi is one of the earliest areas in the Yangtze River valley, and it is also one of the important migration places of Han nationality in the north. In addition, the society has been relatively stable for a long time and has been less affected by the war, so the social, economic and cultural exhibition is relatively fast. By the Song Dynasty, it had entered the national advanced ranks and became one of the most developed areas in economy and culture. However, it is also facing heavy population pressure, thus beginning the history of exporting a large number of people to neighboring provinces and regions. Because the two lakes are adjacent to Jiangxi, with superior natural conditions and similar climatic conditions, they have become the first choice destination for Jiangxi immigrants. Since the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, Jiangxi people have been occupying the main position of Huguang immigrants, so the people call this immigration movement "Jiangxi fills Huguang".

In order to restore and develop the economy of the two lakes region, the Ming government attached great importance to the immigration work in the two lakes region and organized many immigration movements. Today, people in Hubei call going to the toilet "relieving oneself", which is said to stem from the special experience of having to ask escort officers and soldiers to untie their ropes when their ancestors were forced to migrate. The literature also reflects the organized migration in the early Ming Dynasty. For example, in the thirty years of Hongwu (1397), after the local people started fighting in Wuling County, Changde Prefecture, Huguang, "Although the people fled, they were reinstated, but the land was vast and sparsely populated, with few cultivators and many barren people. Adjacent to Jiangxi counties, there are many unemployed people who beg Jiangxi to move to poverty and farm, so that ordinary farmers can do their best and make the best use of everything. " So Ming Taizu "ordered the Ministry to send officials to Jiangxi to divide more people and people without property into farmers."

However, compared with the government's organized immigrants, Jiangxi's spontaneous folk immigrants are larger in the two lakes region. On the one hand, it is the population pressure in the original residential area, on the other hand, it is the temptation and pull that the relocation area can provide more opportunities to improve material living conditions. So in the early Ming Dynasty, there appeared a spectacular migration tide from Jiangyou to Jingchu, like a river leaving Xiling. Qiu Jun's "Jiang Yangmian Moved to Jingchu" also pointed out this point: "The land of Jingchu today is crowded with people and few places; On the right side of the river, there are fewer fields and more people. Most people in Jiangyou live in Jinghu Lake. The fertility of Gaijiang's right hand is not enough for others, so it must be raised by the millet of Jinghu Lake. "

-Excerpted from the General History of Han Nationality in China (Volume II), Chapter II, Migration and Development of Han Nationality in Central Plains II.