Dialect branches of Henan dialect

Henan dialect includes 17 provincial cities, 2 1 county-level cities, 89 counties, 48 municipal districts, 2 cities and counties in the south of Hebei province, 3 1 city and county in the southwest of Shandong province, 28 cities and counties in the Fenhe river basin in the southwest of Shanxi province, 22 counties and cities such as Bozhou and Fuyang in the north of Huaihe River in Anhui Province, and Fengyang in the south of Huaihe River. In addition to Henan dialect in the north of Xi 'an, immigrants from Henan often form their own dialects in foreign lands. For example, in the early days of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Henan people immigrated from Xichuan, Henan Province to Chaihu, Hubei Province. After more than 30 years, these immigrants still speak Henan dialect. If people are distinguished by language and cultural identity, they will undoubtedly become "Henan people" from Hubei.

Henan dialect is distributed in the vast area north of the main stream of Huaihe River in Henan Province.

Xinyang dialect in Huainan is distributed in the south of Xinyang County and Luoshan, Guangshan, Xinxian, Huangchuan, Gushi and Shangcheng in the middle and east of Xinyang. Xinxian and luoshan county in the south of Xinyang County have Hubei accents, while Huangchuan, Gushi and Shangcheng in the east have strong Anhui accents. More than 90% of the dialects in Xinyang do not belong to Henan dialect (Central Plains Mandarin), but belong to the transition area from Jianghuai Mandarin to Southwest Mandarin.

In Henan province, Huaibei dialect and Huainan dialect can be drawn according to Huaihe River. Huaibei dialect, that is, Henan dialect, is more popular. Huaibei dialect is used in Hebi in northern Henan, Luoyang in western Henan, Nanyang in southern Henan and Kaifeng in eastern Henan.

Anyang (Anyang City and Northwest County) to the north of the Yellow River, the northern dialect of Xinxiang and the counties under the jurisdiction of Jiaozuo do not belong to the category of Henan dialect, but belong to the Jin-Han chip, which is more tough than Henan dialect and close to Handan, Hebei. In this area, it is a typical ten-mile different sound. Linzhou (a county-level city affiliated to Anyang) in the west has an accent closer to Shanxi dialect and belongs to a new film of Shanxi dialect.

The representative dialect of modern times is the standard Henan dialect, which is homophonic with Mandarin, mellow and tortuous, and is used in the dialogue of Henan Opera programs, but there is actually no user group. The standard Henan dialect is formed on the basis of Zhengzhou dialect and Kaifeng dialect. Along the Beijing-Guangzhou railway, it reaches Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province in the north and Zhumadian in the south, with an accent close to Zhengzhou dialect. There are Luoyang dialect, Luoyang old town dialect, western Henan mountain dialect, eastern Henan dialect and Xinyang dialect. Zhongyuan Mandarin consists of 15 pieces, including Yanhe, Xinghan, Xuhuai, Ryan, Luo Song, Lu Nan, Luo Xiang, Fu Shang, Xinbang, Fenhe, Guanzhong, Qinlong, Longzhong and South Xinjiang, among which Henan has Yanhe, Ryan and An. Its distribution in Henan Province is as follows:

1, Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Kaifeng, fengqiu county, Xingyang, Xingyang, Weishi, lankao county, Quan Min, Qixian, Tongxu, zhongmou county, Xingyang, xinmi city, xinzheng city and Yanling.

2. Luo Song, Luoyang, Songxian, gongyi city, Dengfeng, yanshi city, mengzhou city, Mengjin, Yichuan, Xin 'an, Yiyang, Mianchi, Luoning, Sanmenxia, yima city, Luanchuan and Lushi counties.

3. Fan County and Taiqian County of Yanhe Film

4. Nanyang, Lushan, changge city, Linying, Yancheng, Xuchang, Xuchang, Pingdingshan, Wugang, Xiangcheng, Jiaxian, Yuzhou, Ruzhou, Ruyang, Baofeng, Yexian, Wuyang, Fangcheng, nanzhao county, Xixia, Xichuan and neixiang county.

5. Luo Xiang films Luohe, Xiangcheng, Fugou, Xihua, Zhoukou, Huaiyang, Shangshui, Shangcai, runan county, Zhumadian, Xiping, suiping county, Queshan, Zhengyang, Pingyu and Xincai.

6. Parallel Shangqiu City, Sui County, Taikang County, Ningling County, Zhecheng County, Yucheng County, Luyi County, Xiayi County, yongcheng city, dancheng and shenqiu county.

7. Xinbang film Xinyang City, Tongbai County, Xixian County, Huaibin County, luoshan county County, Huangchuan County, Guangshan County, Xinxian County, Shangcheng County and Gushi County.

Fenhe County, lingbao city City, Shaanxi Province.

9. Anxin is located in tangyin county, Neihuang County, Huaxian County, Nanle County, qingfeng county, Xunxian County, Weihui City, Xinxiang County, Changyuan County and Yuanyang County. There is only one piece in jinyu District of Henan Province, including Anyang City, Anyang County, Linzhou City, Hebi City (most of the urban areas are Henan dialect), Qixian County, Xinxiang City, huixian city and Huo. After the city was built, a large number of immigrants from zhongmou county, Xingyang and other places poured into Hebi City, which is the only one of the five cities in northern Henan Province with an accent. The most obvious feature of the local dialect and the Central Plains Mandarin dialect is that it retains the tone entering in the Middle Ages. Generally, there are five tones, namely, flat tone (such as "three"), rising tone (such as "five" and "nine"), falling tone (such as "four") and entering tone (such as "one", "six" and "nine"). ] and so on.