Main scenic spots in Shamian

Notre Dame Cathedral is a building in the French Concession. It was originally named Shamian Catholic Church. It is named after the original building of Mount Notre Dame in the south of the church garden, where Luther's Madonna is placed. It was founded by the believers of the French Consulate in Guangzhou who lived a religious life.

The church is located in the northeast corner of the junction of Shamian Street and Shamian First Street. It consists of lobby, priest building, nun building and Notre Dame. The lobby is in front, the priest building is in the east, the nun building is in the west, and Notre Dame is in the east. There are two attached buildings, one is a two-story building and the other is a bungalow. The church is basically well preserved. On the facade, the spires of the main doors and windows and the small spires at the four corners of the tower, the complex lighting windows and prism stacks on the octagonal pyramid roof, and the small pointed arches and buttresses that pollinate from top to bottom. It embodies the mystery and yearning of the Catholic Church for "heaven". Guangdong Foreign Affairs Museum is the first local foreign affairs museum in China. It is located at No.20 Shamian South Street, Guangzhou. It is a baroque building built in 1890. It was originally the French consulate in Guangzhou during the Republic of China. It is an A-level cultural relic in Shamian complex and a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Walking into the Guangdong Foreign Affairs Museum, you will not only have the opportunity to learn about many important events that have happened in Guangdong, a major foreign affairs province for half a century, but also see more than 200 precious foreign affairs gifts presented to Guangdong by 22 friendly provinces and states in the world. In addition to collecting Guangdong's foreign affairs gifts and pictures of important foreign affairs activities since the reform and opening-up, the museum has also specially used the space of spiral stairs to display more than ten old photos of the sand surface a hundred years ago, one of which records the figure of a Westernization translator dragging a long braid and wearing a long coat a hundred years ago. "This should be a photo of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China." Liu Lu said that this old photo hanging in the lobby on the second floor not only fully reflects the scenery of Shamian West Bridge in those days, but also shows that westernization translators who walked in the British and French consular district still have clean clothes. The Customs Building is a building in the French Concession, which used to be the Customs Building. Before liberation, the "Red Chamber" was a club of Guangdong Customs, and only middle and senior officials were eligible to stay. After liberation, it was used as a dormitory for customs officers.

The building was designed and built by Australian architect Pane and Chi Ping Foreign Firm. The building faces south and is located at the eastern end of Shamian Street. Because of its special location, unique shape and bright colors, it has become a landmark building of sand surface. Because the main color is red, people call it "the red chamber". Because the main color of the Soviet consulate at the western end of Shamian Island is also red, it is called "East Red Building". British Snow Factory, also known as HK Milk Company Ice Factory, is located at No.29 and No.31Shamian North Street. It was built in the early 20th century and faces south. The front structure is an external brick bearing wall and an internal reinforced concrete frame. The back seat is a reinforced concrete frame; Early modernist architectural style. This building has four floors above ground, and there is a basement and a half in front.

The former HK Milk Company's ice-making factory is the only factory building in the existing modern building with sand surface, which is divided into two parts. The front is the office residence, and the back is the factory building. There is also a basement and a half ahead. The ground of the workshop is divided into two workshops, east and west, separated by a patio. The east workshop is now built with multiple floors, and the crane bracket at that time was still there. There is a reinforced concrete spiral staircase behind the east factory building, which can directly reach the top of the factory building. Now the stairs below have been demolished, but the spiral stairs above are still there. The rooftop of the workshop still retains the rooftop house and rooftop swimming pool. The former HSBC is located in the northeast corner of Shamian Street and Shamian Fourth Street. The building plane is rectangular in the north-south direction, with chamfers in the southeast and southwest directions. The entrance and exit of the lower section adopts the classical shanhuamen with gray granite in the west, and the radial decorative lines are hooked above the shanhuamen. In order to be symmetrical, three windows are also made into mountain flower doors. Other long windows have big round windows at the top. The corner is gray granite, and the wall between the windows is covered with granite-like water brush stones, and the horizontal lines drawn imitate the classical piled boulders.

The upper part consists of the fourth floor and the roof. The fourth floor elevation highlights the tower in the southwest corner of the roof. Both the tower top and the tower body are made of the classical Wufeng Pavilion in Xia Xing. The dome of the hemispherical shell is added to the drum base to form the top of the tower, and a flagpole is erected on the arc top. Seen from the tower, four square columns with Palladio-style columns stand on the railing as decoration. The tower foundation adopts baroque phoenix lattice, and the lower part of four structural square columns of the tower body has two sections of anti-arc rib feet. In order to emphasize the vertical lines in the middle part, giant columns pass through the second and third floors of the corridor. The square columns on the west side are symmetrically arranged and stacked, with Roman Doric double columns, and the square columns are stacked at the junction of the square columns. The square column layout of the south facade is the same as that of the west facade, except that the column is single column. Roman Doric colossal columns, strictly following classical procedures. White Swan Pond, with an area of 0.3 square kilometers, is adjacent to the Pearl River in the south and Shojaei Chung in the north, facing an island on Liuershan Road and eight streets. Shamian, formerly known as "Shicuizhou", was originally a sandbar connected with Route 623 1859 years ago. This used to be a gathering place for fishermen's boats. Shamian Island is well-afforested, with more than 50 ancient trees/KLOC-0, fresh air and good environmental sanitation, making it a paradise in Guangzhou.

1984 10, in the identification of ancient and famous trees, Shamian accounts for 102, including 77 Ficus tenuifolia and 25 Cinnamomum camphora. There are 100 trees over 100 years old, and only two trees in 80 years old. The oldest tree is over 300 years old, over 200 years old, and the rest is 80 ~ 100 years old; The maximum DBH was 165 cm, and the minimum DBH was 50 cm. The DBH of 100 cm reached 49 strains. These ancient trees are located in Shamian North Street (49 trees) and Shamian South Street (20 trees), and the rest are located in Shamian Park and its north, Shamian Street and the east and west ends of Shamian Island. This ancient camphor tree with more than 300 years old is located at the eastern end of Shamian South Street. /kloc-from the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, the public facilities in Shamian Concession were basically complete, including consulates, churches, banks, post offices, telegraph offices, businesses, hospitals, hotels, houses, clubs, bars, tennis courts, swimming pools, etc. Most residents are consulates, banks and foreign companies, as well as foreign tax officials and missionaries. The institutions established here include Swire (UK), Mobil (USA), Mitsubishi (Japan), HSBC, Standard Chartered Bank, etc., which are still active in the world market.

In terms of architecture, most of them were built at the end of 19, with western style and basically cultural relics. The Consulate General of the Netherlands in Guangzhou is also located in Shamian Island, which makes many foreigners work here and is the only place in China where the Netherlands can apply for visas for China citizens to immigrate to the United States. 1996 the State Council has been declared as a national key cultural relics protection unit, as well as the Dutch consulate, and the Dutch consulate in Guangzhou is still in Shamian Island.

There are more than 150 European-style buildings on Shamian Island, including 42 buildings with outstanding features such as neo-baroque, imitation Gothic, coupon gallery, neoclassical and combination of Chinese and western, which are the most exotic European-style buildings in Guangzhou. The building located at No.2-6 Shamian Street, commonly known as the Red House, was originally a club for foreign customs personnel and China nationals. It is three stories high, made of red bricks, with pointed attics in the north and south, imitating the British romantic architectural style of19th century. The building located at No.54 Shamian Street, formerly HSBC, is four stories high. The external wall of the second floor is built with columns to the third floor, and the southwest building has a dome pavilion. The building located at No.48 Shamian Street is the most representative building, with a three-story reinforced concrete structure. The surrounding corridors are arched, and the outer walls are painted with washed stone meters. Shamian Street 14 Church of Our Lady of Luther is small in scale and simple in structure, but its entrance is still Gothic.

neoclassical style

It is characterized by imitating western classical revival techniques and pursuing grandeur and preciseness. Generally, the bottom foundation is built of thick stone, and classical columns and various combinations are the main body and details of the building. For example, HSBC Bank, No.54 Shamian Street, has a regular facade and different column combinations. The top floor of the corner is the Sun Xiao roof, and the entrance to the bottom floor is decorative door frames and round windows. The Oriental Church of Credit Suisse Bank in Shamian South Street 18 and the Anglican Church at No.60 Shamian South Street are also neoclassical works.

Compromise type

/kloc-from the first half of the 0/9th century to the beginning of the 20th century, eclecticism prevailed in the west. Eclectic architecture imitates various architectural styles in history at will, or freely combines various architectural forms. It does not emphasize the fixed French style, but only emphasizes the balance of proportion and pure formal beauty. Because eclectic architecture often adds baroque decoration to classical style, it can also be called new baroque style. Shamian British Consulate, Shamian British Yaxi Huoyou Co., Ltd. and Shamian Pseudo-China Merchants Bureau are all eclectic.

Coupon library style

It is characterized by simple plane, continuous arcade combination on the facade, simple form, clear line foot and no other decoration. This form was produced after western architecture was introduced into Southeast Asia to adapt to the local climate, so it was called colonial style. No.48 Shamian Street is a typical representative of this style.

Imitation gothic style

Shamian Street 14 Lutheran Church is a beam-column structure. I still like Gothic and Gothic style in appearance. Gothic architecture (English: Gothic architecture), or translated as Gothic architecture, is an architectural style that prevailed at the peak and end of the Middle Ages. It developed from Romanesque architecture and was inherited by Renaissance architecture. It originated in France in the12nd century and lasted until the16th century. Gothic architecture is generally called "Opus Francigenum", and the word "Gothic" appeared in the late Renaissance with a derogatory meaning. Gothic architecture is characterized by pointed arches, ribbed arches and flying arches.