What's the difference between Han and Manchu? We were brought out from the Qing Dynasty. Why Han?

The difference between Han people and Manchu people is mainly the difference of race, that is, the difference of species, which is also the most fundamental difference. And religious differences.

Residents of the Central Plains, formerly known as Huaxia, are called Han people. In the later historical development, the Han nationality became the main ethnic group in China, accounting for the vast majority of the population of China in past dynasties, and played a leading role in all aspects of development. The Han nationality has experienced * * * contact, migration and integration with various ethnic groups, and formed the distribution characteristics of concentrated distribution in agricultural developed areas and cities such as Songliao Plain, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Pearl River, and mixed with local ethnic groups in the frontier. In addition, in the course of historical development, a considerable number of Han Chinese emigrated overseas, forming local Chinese or overseas Chinese.

The Manchu race mainly comes from the human species of Altai language family in the Central Asian subcontinent. After nearly ten thousand years of migration, he settled in Manzhou, east of Mongolia and west of Heilongjiang. Primitive Manchu people believed in Shamanism.

There are great differences between Manchu and Han nationality in social system: until the Ming Dynasty, neither the Han nationality nor their ancestors had a slave society. The Manchu Dynasty was a slave society before the Qing Dynasty, and it has maintained a racial discrimination system that enslaved the Han people since it entered the customs. This slavery led to the great degradation of China's civilization. There are also differences in language and language habits, clothing styles and funeral tastes. But they have been assimilated by the Han people for hundreds of years, and there is no obvious difference on the surface. Main differences:

1. Ethnically speaking, Manchu and Han belong to different races. There are obvious differences in people's physique (the difference between Manchu and northern Han nationality may not be seen from the appearance, but the difference does exist). For example, the most obvious feature of Manchu is the five senses. There are many people with small eye fissure, no or no obvious eyelid wrinkles, close eye distance, straight nose, rectangular face and light hair color. In addition, another important physical feature of Manchu is that there are many people with type B blood, accounting for about 40% of the total population, while the proportion of type B blood of Han nationality accounts for a little more than 20% of the total population.

2. There are obvious differences in life customs between Manchu and Han nationality. Now people always compare the life customs of Manchu in history with those of Manchu today, saying that Manchu used to have braids, but today they don't. Manchu's previous costumes were different from today's and their eating habits were different from those of Qing Dynasty, so Manchu was "sinicized".

3. Linguistically, Manchu and Chinese belong to different language families. Although the vast majority of Manchu people now use Chinese, Manchu people are still divided into different language families with Han people. Manchu belongs to Manchu-Tungusic language family.

4. In terms of surnames, Manchu and Han surnames are completely different. Although many Manchu people now use the surname of the Han nationality, the difference is that the Chinese surname used by Manchu people is changed according to the Hara (surname) of Manchu itself. For example, Ai Xinjue Roche changed his surname to Jin in Beijing and Zhao in Northeast China.

5. There are some differences between Manchu and Han nationality in personality and consciousness. This is mainly reflected in the world outlook, life values and the way of treating people. There is an obvious difference between Manchu and Han nationality in character, that is, Manchu is stubborn, which has been confirmed by many Manchu people.

Extended data:

The Han nationality is the main ethnic group in China, a descendant of the ancient Huangdi and Yan Di tribes, and a descendant of the Chinese nation. "Han" originally refers to Tianhe and Yinhe. The Book of Songs says: "Where there is Han, there is light in prison." Han people are used to calling themselves Han people, because the Han Dynasty in China used to be called "Huaxia" or "Zhu Xia". ?

No matter in politics, military, philosophy, literature, history, art and many other aspects, or in the field of natural science, the Han nationality has created many brilliant achievements.

Since ancient times, the Han people have adopted an inclusive attitude towards various religious beliefs. Fate worship and ancestor worship are the main traditional concepts of Han religion. For thousands of years, Confucianism, which focuses on benevolence and attaches importance to ethical education, has had a far-reaching impact on the Han nationality. ?

The Han nationality has always been famous for its hard work and creative spirit. In the history of Han nationality, the economy was dominated by agriculture, which was a typical natural economy of men plowing and women weaving. The agricultural production of the Han nationality has been very developed in history, especially for irrigation and intensive cultivation, and the handicraft industry of the Han nationality also has a fairly high level of development. ?

With the changes of China's history, as well as foreign invasion and escape from war, the Han nationality is also migrating on a large scale, and has been moving south from the Central Plains. Hakka people inherited the cultural traditions of the Han nationality in the Central Plains at that time, such as the old saying, customs and habits also have historical traces. ?

The Han nationality is also an uninterrupted nation with a long history and the most populous nation in the world. By 2009, the population of Han nationality is about 65.438+0.3 billion, accounting for 654.38+0.9% of the world's total population, which is distributed all over the world. In Chinese mainland, the Han nationality accounts for 92% of the total population; In Taiwan Province Province, the Han nationality accounts for 98% of the total population; In Hong Kong and Macau, the Han nationality accounts for 95% and 97% of the total population respectively. Besides China, the Han nationality is also distributed in Southeast Asia, North America and Western Europe.

The total population of Manchu is 6.5438+0.0682 million (in 2000), ranking second among the 55 ethnic minorities in China. Manchu has its own language and writing. "White Mountain and Black Water" in the northeast is the hometown of Manchu. In the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1644), the Qing army entered the customs and gradually unified the whole country. From then on, Manchu nobles began to rule the country. After the Revolution of 1911, the Qing court fell.

Manchu population is distributed all over the country, with Liaoning, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Beijing and other provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government as the majority, while others are scattered in Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia, Shandong, Hubei, Guizhou and other large and medium-sized cities such as Xi, Chengdu, Guangzhou and Fuzhou.

Manchu is a hardworking, brave and intelligent nation, and it is also a nation that is good at absorbing foreign cultures and integrating innovation. In the long-term historical development, a custom culture with national characteristics has been formed. The customs of Manchu at the age of 20 are mostly similar to those of Han nationality, but they have maintained many Manchu characteristics.

Reference link:

Han nationality-Baidu encyclopedia

Manchu-Baidu Encyclopedia