I want the exact start and end times of the ancient Chinese poll tax! urgent

This system began with Shang Yang’s Reform in the Qin Dynasty and finally ended in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he once said, "Never add taxes to the population as it grows," and abolished the head tax on the regenerated population. During the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, the poll tax was officially abolished.

The head tax was called "Ding Fu", "Suan Fu", "Ding Tax", etc. in ancient China. This system began with Shang Yang's Reform in the Qin Dynasty and finally ended in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he once said, "Never add taxes to the population as it grows," and abolished the head tax on the regenerated population. During the reign of Emperor Yongzheng, the poll tax was officially abolished.

In modern China, a poll tax was also levied. Around 1999, some rural areas in China once levied a head tax. Each person had to pay more than 200 yuan. Families that did not pay the full amount of this tax were unable to go through formalities such as studying and getting married. This tax was later cancelled.

In a self-sufficient natural economy, there are two main channels for the government to obtain financial revenue from farmers: one is the tax levied on an acre basis, that is, the land tax; the other is a tax levied on a per capita basis. , that is, the poll tax.

The poll tax is highly efficient, but the most unfair. The high efficiency mentioned here means that more taxes can be collected with a small tax cost. Because any country with good household registration management makes the basis for calculating the head tax simpler than any other tax, the tax collection cost can be very low.

The so-called most unfair refers to the fact that the rich with the most income and the poor with almost no income pay the same amount of taxes, which is regressive. From the theoretical analysis of welfare economics, when a poll tax is levied, the welfare loss of the rich is minimal, while the poor may lose the most necessary welfare. Compared with other taxes, the poll tax is almost the most unfair. Because poll taxes are so unfair, they are almost no longer levied by modern states. Extended information

The head tax is a tax levied by the state on the person. This tax existed as early as the Roman Empire. In China, it also existed before the Qin Dynasty. Taxes after the Qin Dynasty were all in the nature of a head tax.

Canada also passed the Chinese Immigration Act in 1885 and levied a head tax on all Chinese entering Canada. Its purpose was to prevent lower-class Chinese from continuing to immigrate to Canada after the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway. After discovering that the head tax was not effective in curbing Chinese immigration, the Canadian government increased the tax in 1900 and 1903. The tax was replaced by the more stringent Chinese Exclusion Act in 1923.

On June 22, 2006, the Canadian government formally apologized for the head tax imposed on Chinese immigrants more than a century ago and is expected to compensate the victims and widows. It is estimated that there are about 81,000 Chinese who have paid the poll tax, and as of 2006, only about 30 people were still alive.

On June 22, 2006, Canadian Prime Minister Harper publicly apologized to all Chinese Canadians in Parliament for the past implementation of the head tax and the Chinese Exclusion Act. This redress of Canadian head tax victims was hard-won and was the result of the perseverance and hard work of several generations of Chinese people.

Reference source: Baidu Encyclopedia - Head Tax