What does Dunhuang mean?

since the county was established in the Han dynasty, Dunhuang has become a port of communication between the Central Plains and other countries. At the peak of the Han Dynasty, the population of Dunhuang reached 4,, while the national population was only 4 million. At that time, it was known as Chang 'an, Quanzhou and Dunhuang, which shows the prosperity of Dunhuang in the Han Dynasty. Throughout the Han and Wei dynasties, there were many wars, but Dunhuang's economy and commerce became increasingly prosperous, the Central Plains culture was widely spread, and Buddhism became increasingly prosperous. Dunhuang once became the center of Wuliang culture. In the second year of Wude in Tang Dynasty (619), Dunhuang entered a period of historical prosperity. Dunhuang was once occupied and ruled by Xiongnu, Wusun, Qiang, Tangut, Turkic, Huihu and other nationalities in history. Dunhuang has long been a settlement of various ethnic groups in the western regions, with Chinese culture as the main body and various cultures blending and evolving with each other. Therefore, Dunhuang culture and folk customs have a unique style, which can be seen in the Mogao grottoes. It can be said that the event that completely changed the history of Dunhuang was the flood during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty. The flood made the ancient Dunhuang city with a history of thousands of years disappear, and the unique folk customs and culture of Dunhuang also went with the waves, which led to the biggest historical fault of Dunhuang folk culture and formed many unsolved cases of Dunhuang studies. In 1528, the Ming government closed Jiayuguan. Since then, Guazhou and Dunhuang (Shazhou) have not been established for 2 years, and Dunhuang is declining day by day. By the first year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1723), Shazhou Institute was established and was promoted to Shazhou Wei. At that time, the population of Dunhuang was already pitiful. In the fourth year of Yongzheng (1726), more than 2,4 households from 56 prefectures and counties in Gansu moved to Dunhuang for reclamation, which gradually formed the modern Dunhuang City. Until now, many villages named after Gansu place names can be seen in Dunhuang, such as Lanzhou Village, Suzhou Township, Huining, Qingshui, Heshui, Lanting, Gaotai and Zhangxian.

At present, Dunhuang has a total population of 18, and cultivated land of 24, mu. In 2, the fiscal revenue was 72.68 million yuan, and the fiscal expenditure in that year was 94.2 million yuan. From the above figures, the economic situation of Dunhuang city is extremely disproportionate to its city brand. Agriculture and tourism are two pillar industries in Dunhuang, but these two industries can't form Dunhuang's economic strength in a short time. Agriculture is a traditional industry in Dunhuang, and special products such as Golden Queen (Melon), Li Guangxing and Mingshan Jujube are well-known both inside and outside the province. However, only 24, mu of cultivated land (even if all of them are high-yield fields) is difficult to form agricultural industrial advantages and scale benefits. In addition, the scarce water resources restrict the agricultural development in Dunhuang. Dunhuang tourism plays an important role in the development of tourism economy in Gansu province, but inconvenient transportation restricts the development of tourism. Tourism economy has not yet become a pillar industry in Dunhuang. The completion of the expansion of the main project of Dunhuang Airport in 21 will play a very positive role in Dunhuang tourism. Dunhuang City decided to build a new urban area in Xisuzhou Township, and develop westward into a whole with seven town (the living base of Qinghai Petroleum Administration Bureau), with a long-term plan of 3, people, so as to promote the urbanization of Dunhuang City, but can such urban expansion and ecological environment withstand it? Anyone who has been to Dunhuang knows what the ecological environment is like. The carrying capacity of the ecological environment is very limited and the city is expanding. Population increase; Excessive water extraction will accelerate desertification. Due to the increase of population in Dunhuang in recent years, and the increase of domestic and production water in Subei and Aksai counties in the upper reaches of Danghe River, Danghe River has been unable to meet the needs of the three counties and cities. Only when the yellow sand under Danghe Bridge in Dunhuang jumped down the river like a yellow dragon with the wind did people realize that the river had not flowed for many years. The groundwater level in Dunhuang City has been decreasing year by year, and the crescent spring, a wonder of the desert, has already dried up. A few years ago, it was suggested that "the Haji Party" be used to rebuild the beautiful Dunhuang, but the project was opposed by the upstream Qinghai Province, because the ecological environment in Qinghai was more fragile than that in Gansu, and the project was finally rejected. It has also been suggested that Dunhuang should be established as a prefecture-level city to develop Dunhuang. We should think about a county-level city with an annual GDP of 1 billion yuan and a fiscal revenue of less than 1 million yuan, and then bear the expenses of the first-level government, and there is no financial subsidy. In 1997, the Dunhuang Tourism Special Economic Zone was approved by the Gansu provincial government and has enjoyed special policies for many years. Facts show that local economic development can not be solved simply by raising the administrative level. The construction of Liudun Railway has been demonstrated for many years, and some foreign and private capitals want to participate in the construction, but they all keep silent after field investigation and demonstration. Why, because we can't see the benefits after the completion of this railway, even if it is built, who will pay for the huge railway operation and maintenance? After such a project is completed, it will not only fail to promote the development of local economy, but will drag down the local economy. I have read a lot of articles about how to develop Dunhuang. There are indeed many good suggestions and ideas on the development of Dunhuang from a macro perspective. But from a realistic perspective, we can't simply reinforce the city scale by city brands. I think we should have a more rational and profound understanding. Cities need development, and people want to be rich, which is the most basic development desire. But all this must be based on the permission of the living environment. The primary problem of Dunhuang development is the construction and protection of the ecological environment. Without this fundamental guarantee, the world cultural heritage will be destroyed.

the development of Dunhuang is not a one-off event, let alone quick success, because the development of Dunhuang is very important to the development of tourism economy in the whole province. Dunhuang has its own congenital defects, so we should first treat it objectively and realistically. This is more conducive to the development of Dunhuang. When Dunhuang develops, Gansu's tourism economy will have stamina and motivation.