Which countries do the Middle East countries refer to?

Middle East countries refer to Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman and so on.

The Middle East refers to some areas from the southern Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf coast, including most parts of West Asia except Afghanistan and Transcaucasia where Russia borders Egypt and Africa. About 23 countries and regions, 65.438+0.5 million square kilometers, 490 million people. The terrain is dominated by plateaus and plains, and the main rivers are only the Euphrates River and the Nile River.

Geographically, the Middle East connects Asia, Europe and Africa. Connecting the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian Ocean, it has been a transportation hub between East and West since ancient times. As a land of "two oceans, three continents and five seas", its strategic position is extremely important. In order to compete for scarce fresh water resources and valuable oil resources, at the same time, due to religious and cultural differences, the situation has been turbulent all the year round since World War II.

Topographic and climatic characteristics of the Middle East

The terrain in the Middle East is mostly plateau, and there are high mountains standing on the edge of the plateau. The plain area is small, mainly distributed in the Nile valley and estuary delta in Egypt and the two river valleys in Iraq (also known as Mesopotamia Plain, the "two rivers" refer to the Euphrates River and the Tigris River), which are the cradles of ancient Egyptian civilization and ancient Babylonian civilization respectively.

The climate in the Middle East is dry, mainly including tropical desert climate, Mediterranean climate and temperate continental climate. Most of this area is located between 20 and 30 north latitude, and the tropic of cancer runs through the middle, and the temperature is hot. It is also controlled by subtropical high and northeast trade winds from arid inland areas of Asia, so it is dry and rainy.

Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Middle East