How to write an investigation report?

First, the significance of the social practice survey report

An investigation report is also called an investigation report. It should be said that the latter is its more accurate name. Because it is not only the product of investigation, but also the product of research. The main function of the investigation report is to collect information, and through in-depth study of the information obtained from the investigation, some opinions are put forward. Therefore, the investigation report is based on a specific purpose, using the viewpoint of dialectical materialism, after in-depth, detailed and thorough investigation and comprehensive analysis of a matter or a problem, the results of the investigation and analysis are systematically and truthfully arranged into a literary style. Investigation report, investigation report and ×× investigation are all common investigation report genres.

Second, the characteristics of social practice survey report

1. Authenticity. Authenticity is the primary and greatest feature of the investigation report. The so-called truth is to respect objective facts and speak with facts. This feature requires researchers to establish a rigorous scientific attitude, a serious and realistic spirit, and completely abandon the hypocritical style of "putting on airs", not only reporting good news but not worrying, but also fully affirming their work achievements and accurately reflecting the problems existing in their work. Only with a rigorous scientific attitude can we write a true, reliable and instructive investigation report.

2. Be targeted. This is the second remarkable feature of the investigation report, which is determined by its strong work pertinence. Generally speaking, an investigation and research work, especially a large-scale investigation and research, takes a lot of time, manpower and material resources, and is not organized at will, but is carried out in combination with some urgent actual situations to solve some practical problems. Therefore, the investigation and study are highly targeted. In the writing of the investigation report, we must focus on the problem, explain the factual materials obtained from this problem, analyze the crux of the problem, and put forward concrete and feasible suggestions and countermeasures.

3. Typical. Typicality means that the factual materials used in the writing process of investigation report should be representative and the problems revealed are universal. This typical feature is particularly prominent in summing up experience and typical investigations that reflect typical events.

4. systematize. The systematicness or completeness of the investigation report refers to the conclusions drawn from the investigation materials, which must be convincing and explain the investigated situation completely and systematically. We can't just put forward the conclusion and ignore the explanation of facts, processes and necessary links. Because such negligence will inevitably create an impression of imprecision, unfounded and unconvincing. The systematicness and completeness mentioned here do not require that everything should be detailed and comprehensive in the process of writing the investigation report, but rather the reasoning process of grasping the essence and main aspects of things and writing conclusions.

Generally speaking, the investigation report is an argumentation system with strict logic, conclusive facts, strict reasoning and strong persuasion, thus making it reliable data for scientific decision-making.

Three, the types of social practice survey report

According to the nature of the content, there are six kinds of investigation reports:

1. Special investigation report. A special investigation report is a report formed by in-depth investigation around a certain problem, which is usually reflected in the title. Be able to expose contradictions in real life in time, reflect the opinions and demands of the masses, study specific practical problems that need to be solved urgently, and put forward opinions, countermeasures or suggestions according to the survey results. ?

2. Comprehensive investigation report. It is a report that comprehensively investigates and reflects many objects and their basic situation. Comprehensive, systematic, in-depth and long-term. The main difference between it and the special investigation report lies in its comprehensiveness. It enables readers to see a relatively complete "bird's eye view" of things from the report.

3. Theoretical research report. This report is written for academic research. It is characterized by collecting, classifying and sorting out information, asking questions and reporting conclusions. Most of them are published in academic journals or academic works.

4. Investigation report on practical suggestions. This is a survey report written for practical work needs. Its main content is the materials and relevant suggestions obtained from the investigation for forecasting, making decisions, formulating policies and dealing with problems. ?

5. Historical investigation report. This is an investigation report based on the need of investigating historical situation. It can provide people with historical information and historical truth about a certain thing or problem.

6. A realistic investigation report. It is a survey report formed by investigating some real life that is happening and developing. People can understand and understand the objective reality of some things and problems through it, and use it as the basis or reference for other cognitive activities. In addition, some investigation reports can be a combination of the above types. Fourth, the writing method of social practice investigation report.

Different types of investigation reports have different specific contents. But the basic writing is the same.

The writing methods of the investigation report are as follows: 1. Familiar with the structural characteristics of the investigation report; Second, we must master the writing procedure of the investigation report.

(A) the structure of the investigation report

Generally speaking, the contents of the investigation report generally include: title, introduction, general introduction, data statistics, rational analysis, summary and conclusion or countermeasures, suggestions and attached materials. The resulting investigation report structure includes title, introduction, body, conclusion and signature.

1. Title

There are two kinds of titles of investigation reports: single title and double title. A single title is a title. Among them, there are official titles and literary titles. The title of the official document is "Subject+Chinese", such as "Investigation Report on Chinese Teaching in Rural Middle Schools in Zhejiang Province". The title of the article, such as "XX school-run enterprises"; The second is to indicate the title of the author's views obtained through investigation, such as "adjusting education policy and increasing education investment" The so-called double title means two titles, namely a title and a subtitle. For example, for the benefit of future generations-investigation report on closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation in --XX county.

Step 2 introduce

Getting started is also called getting started It is the preface of the investigation report, which briefly introduces the investigation, or puts forward the introduction of the full text to pave the way for the writing of the text. Common leads are: ① Short leads. Briefly introduce the subject, object, time, place, method and process of the investigation; ② General introduction. Summarize the contents of the survey report (including topics, objects, survey contents, survey results and analysis conclusions, etc.). ); ③ Explanatory introduction. That is, a brief introduction and explanation of the origin of the subject. ?

3. Text

The text is the main body of the investigation report. It describes the facts and related materials obtained from the investigation, discusses the analysis and synthesis, and explains the results and conclusions of the investigation and research. The structure of text has different frames. ① Frames for arranging materials according to logical relationship are: longitudinal structure, transverse structure and longitudinal and transverse structure. Among these three structures, people often adopt vertical and horizontal structures. (2) According to the level of content expression, the framework is composed of "situation-result-problem-suggestion" structure, which is mostly used to reflect the basic situation of the investigation report; The structure of "result-concrete practice-experience" is mostly used to introduce the investigation report of experience; The structure of "problem-reason-opinion or suggestion" is mostly used to expose the investigation report of the problem; The structure of "event process-event nature conclusion-handling opinion" is mostly used for investigation reports that reveal the right and wrong of cases.

end

The content at the end is mostly the investigator's views and suggestions on the problem, which is the inevitable result of analyzing and solving the problem. The ending methods of the investigation report mainly include supplementary, deepening, suggestive and heuristic.

sign

The signature of the investigation report shall indicate the name of the unit and individual where the respondent belongs and the completion time. If the investigator is indicated under the heading, it can be omitted when signing.

(B) the writing procedure of social practice investigation report

Generally speaking, writing a social practice survey report has to go through the following five procedures:

1. Determine the theme

Theme is the soul of investigation report, which is of decisive significance to the success or failure of investigation report writing. Therefore, to determine the theme should pay attention to:

The theme of the report should be consistent with the theme of the investigation;

Redefine the theme according to the results of investigation and analysis;

The theme should be small and focused; Coordinate with the title to avoid title errors. ?

Step 2 choose materials

The systematic and complete "survey data" obtained through statistical analysis and theoretical analysis still need to be carefully selected when organizing the survey report. It is impossible and unnecessary to write a full report, so we should pay attention to the selection. How to choose materials? ① Select materials related to the theme, and remove irrelevant, irrelevant, secondary and unimportant materials to make the theme concentrated, distinct and prominent; (2) Pay attention to the combination of material points and surfaces. Materials should not only support a certain viewpoint in the report, but also support each other to form a superficial "atmosphere";

3. Among the existing useful materials, we should compare, identify and choose the best material to support the author's point of view, so that each material can be treated as a material.

3. Layout and outline preparation

This is the key link in the conception of the investigation report. Layout refers to the form of investigation report, which is embodied in the outline and is the "skeleton" of the article. The process of drawing up an outline is actually a process of further classifying and structuring the investigation materials. The principle of the framework is: "around the theme, step by step, interlocking." Outline or skeleton is characterized by its inherent logic, which requires clear outline and distinct levels.

There are two kinds of outlines in the investigation report. One is an outline of opinions, that is, the opinions formed by investigators in investigation and research are listed one by one according to logical relations. The other is the item outline, that is, write an outline one by one according to the chapters, sections and items expressed in hierarchical meaning. You can also combine these two outlines to make an outline.

4. Drafting social practice report

This is the writing stage of the investigation report. According to the determined theme, selected materials and writing outline, the article should be written in an orderly way. In the process of writing, we should choose language according to actual needs and divide paragraphs flexibly.

Attention should be paid to: ① reasonable structure (title, introduction, text, ending, signature); (2) The report is standard, aesthetic and readable, such as "formulating preferential policies to introduce urgently needed talents" and "using competition mechanism to revitalize existing talents". 3 read through and understand. Pay attention to the use of figures, charts and technical terms to make the language expressive, accurate, vivid and concise.

5. Revise the social practice report

After the social practice report is drafted, it should be carefully revised. Mainly to check the theme, materials, structure, language and punctuation of the report, and add, delete, modify and adjust it. After completing these tasks, you can submit or publish the final version.