The historic city of Mendoza

155 1 year, the Spanish colonist [Francisco Villagra], as the special envoy of [pedro de valdivia] and the governor of Chile (the highest official of the Chilean governor's district established by Spain in South America at that time), set out from Upper Peru (which refers to the central plateau mountainous area that is different from the Peruvian coast and the eastern jungle lowlands). He became the first westerner to reach this arid grassland. At that time, the whole area including today's Mendoza was called "[cuyo]". The explorer is friendly to the local Indians. After spending almost the whole winter with them, he returned to Chile. After Valdivia's death, the new governor of Chile [García Hurtado de Mendoza] appointed Colonel Pedro Castilla [capitán Pedro del Castillo] to occupy and develop the whole Cuyo area.

1561On February 20th, Colonel Pedro Castilla led a group of colonists from Chile across the Andes to the Vitata Valley to establish a city. The frequent sandstorms here remind the colonel of loose sand suitable for growing grapes. Finally, a city named Ciudad de Mendoza en El Valle de Nueva Rioja (Spanish means "Mendoza in the New rioja Valley", Rioja means wine) was established, but this is not the city of Mendoza today. 1562, under the leadership of [Juan Jufré], the city of Mendoza was moved to its present site.

1776, with the Spanish occupation of the whole Cuyo area and the expansion of other areas in southern South America, Spanish colonists established a new governor's district of La Plata River (today's Argentina and Uruguay) with Buenos Aires as the center. Cuyo, where Mendoza was located, moved from the governor's office in Chile to this new governor's office and became a province of the latter, which eventually made Mendoza a city in Argentina today.

Mendoza played an important role in the independence movement in South America. 18 17, the Andean Expeditionary Force established by South American independent hero jose martin crossed the Andes and liberated Chile and Peru.

186 1 year, an unprecedented disaster befell the bustling city of Mendoza. A strong earthquake destroyed most of the buildings here, directly killing about 5000 people. 1863, the city was rebuilt on the original site, and people realized the power of nature. The design of the new town emphasizes the concept of earthquake resistance while trying to restore the original appearance of the city before the earthquake, because the earthquake is still the biggest nightmare of the city until today and in the foreseeable future. In the second half of the reconstructed19th century, with the development of irrigation, a large number of Italian immigrants came here, which greatly promoted the economic prosperity and constituted the main body of the population here today.