What does the painful lesson of Sanmenxia Reservoir give us?

1958, one year after the Sanmenxia project started, Shaanxi still strongly opposes the Sanmenxia project. The reason is that good soil and water conservation along the Yellow River basin can solve the flood problem of the Yellow River, and there is no need to build Sanmenxia Project. However, the Sanmenxia project has not stopped.

1960, the dam was basically completed and began to store water. 196 1 In the second half of the year, Shaanxi's worries came true:/kloc-0.5 billion tons of sediment were all laid on the Tongguan-Sanmenxia River, and the Tongguan River was raised, making the Weihe River a suspended river.

The groundwater in Guanzhong plain can't be drained, the fields are salinized or even swamped, and the grain production is reduced every year. During the period of 1962, Shaanxi people couldn't hold it any longer. At the Third Session of the Second National People's Congress held in April, representatives of Shaanxi Province submitted a proposal to protect the production, life and safety of residents above the 335-meter migration line.

In the following years, although the operation mode of Sanmenxia project has been adjusted several times, the harm of Sanmenxia project to Weihe River, the largest tributary of the Yellow River, continues.

Establishment of Sanmenxia Reservoir

Sanmenxia Reservoir, the first large-scale water control project on the Yellow River. On April 3rd, 1957, Sanmenxia Water Control Project was officially put into use. Sanmenxia water control project is the most important part of the Yellow River control project system, which is responsible for flood control and ice prevention in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.

It has protected the lives and property of 65.438+700 million people in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces within 250,000 square kilometers. After 45 years of operation, the hub has formed a unique ecosystem and natural environment.