How to write a social investigation report

The investigation report is a work, an event and a question. After in-depth and meticulous investigation, it will be

Systematically sort out, analyze and study the materials collected in the investigation, and report the investigation documents to the organization and leaders in written form.

The survey report has the following characteristics:

(1) Realism. Based on a large number of realistic historical materials, the investigation report truly reflects an objective thing with narrative language. Fully understanding the facts and mastering authentic and reliable materials is the basis for writing a good investigation report.

(2) pertinence. The investigation report generally has a clear intention, and the relevant investigation and evidence collection are all aimed at and around a comprehensive or thematic issue. Therefore, the problems reflected in the investigation report are concentrated and profound.

(3) logic. The investigation report cannot be separated from conclusive facts, but it is not a mechanically piled material. Instead, it conducts rigorous logical argumentation on the verified data and facts, finds out the reasons for the development and change of things, predicts the development and change trend of things, prompts essential and regular things, and draws scientific conclusions.

Investigation report is different from investigation report, because some things (such as cases, accidents and disasters) happen before investigation, and then the report is written. The writer of the research report must consciously take the research as the purpose, work out a feasible research plan according to the needs of society or work, that is, change passive adaptation into planned active writing practice, proceed from a clear pursuit, often go deep into the front line of society, constantly understand new situations and problems, consciously explore and study, and write valuable research reports. In a narrow sense, an investigation report refers to an investigation report written for the purpose of research. It does not include special reports that reflect specific situations, introduce verified work and expose special problems, but it also includes these aspects.

It is said that the survey report is different from the general survey report, mainly because the focus of the survey report is different from the survey report. The investigation report focuses on the investigation process, and the investigation report focuses on the research and results. It is based on investigation and aims at research. Research has always been in a leading and dynamic position. It is the dialectical unity of investigation and research, which fully embodies the results of investigation and research. In the past, applied writing only focused on investigation reports, which became a special genre and hot topic in applied writing, especially after the reform and opening up. 2 1 century, various undertakings in China have made rapid development. Not only the party and government organs need a lot of research reports, but also enterprise groups need more research reports to adapt to the fierce competition. Therefore, research reports play an increasingly important role in applied writing.

The writing of investigation report should focus on three main links: investigation, research and report. In these three links, investigation is the foundation and research is the key. The writing of the investigation report is to organize the materials obtained from the investigation into the opinions formed by the articles through typesetting and language assignment. Here, investigation and research are dialectical unity. They not only interact and complement each other, but also communicate with each other. The purpose of the investigation is to master a large number of real and comprehensive objective facts and specific data and have a systematic understanding of the basic situation; The purpose of the research is to analyze and study the obtained materials and explore the essence and laws of things; On the basis of investigation and study, the report explained the results in writing.

Second, classification

The investigation report covers a wide range, and any social phenomenon can be taken as our research object.

Rong. However, there are still certain procedures for social investigation reports. Generally speaking, the social investigation report should include

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Including the following contents: purpose, method, time, sample, content, questionnaire analysis, analysis results, and put forward my own views.

There are many ways to classify investigation reports, which can be divided into new things investigation report, typical experience investigation report, historical process investigation report and exposure problem investigation report from the object and content of investigation and research. It can also be divided into macro-problem investigation report, meso-problem investigation report and micro-problem investigation report from the scope involved; It can also be divided into investigation reports that clarify facts, inspire ideas and feasible countermeasures from the focus of investigation and research; From the way of investigation and research, it can also be divided into investigation report, research report and investigation report. There is often some overlap in actual writing. For example, two kinds of investigation reports that reflect new things and summarize typical experiences may be mixed together, and some problems are not clearly separated from the macro. Therefore, how to write the investigation report should start from the effect and how to help reflect the theme and explain the problem.

The survey reports that are widely used mainly include the following:

(1) investigation report. It is a survey report that systematically reflects the basic situation of the region and the unit. The square root of this survey report is to clarify the situation and use it for decision makers.

(2) Typical experience investigation report. It is an investigation report that guides and promotes some work by analyzing typical cases and summing up new experience in work.

(3) Problem investigation report. It is an investigation report that aims at a certain problem, clarifies the truth, finds out the cause and nature of the problem, determines the harm caused, and puts forward the ways and suggestions to solve the problem, which provides a basis for the final treatment of the problem and also provides reference for other relevant parties.

From the breadth of research, it can be divided into comprehensive investigation report and special investigation report. The comprehensive investigation report reflects a wide range of contents, including politics, economy, military affairs, culture, education, health and other aspects of society, as well as the situation of various classes and strata of society. For example, the Central Committee and relevant provinces and cities * * * wrote "Investigation Report on the Working Class Situation" and "Investigation on the Economic Situation of XX City". This kind of investigation report is generally long and detailed, which can comprehensively reflect the whole picture of a certain region, a certain front, a certain class or stratum, and has great reference value for correctly formulating the principles and policies of the party and the state in a certain period or in a certain aspect. But it is commonly used in grass-roots units, and its role is often replaced by "statistical data".

Special investigation report is a detailed investigation and study of a specific thing, to find out the root cause of its formation, development (or disappearance), to scientifically clarify its own movement law, and to point out the value of this law, with the purpose of publicizing, popularizing or answering people's general questions. According to the objects reflected in the content, the special investigation report can be divided into new things investigation, typical investigation, exposed problems investigation, case investigation and so on. Among them, typical investigation is the most widely used, and it can be subdivided into typical person investigation, typical experience investigation and typical event analysis. , common in newspapers and magazines and internal information and documents of institutions.

Third, the structure of the investigation report.

There is no fixed pattern in the structure of investigation report, which is usually divided into three parts: actual situation, existing problems and countermeasures and suggestions. The investigation report of new things is generally written about the background, development process, characteristics, significance and so on. The investigation and report of typical experience is generally to write the results first, then summarize a few experiences and practices, and then put forward a regular understanding from rational thinking. An investigation report that exposes problems should not only explain the problems clearly, but also analyze the causes, put forward opinions and methods to solve the problems, and help people learn from them, raise their awareness and improve their work.

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The format of the investigation report includes title, signature and text. 1, there are two ways to write the title:

The title is the writing method of the title of the article, which is a free-style title, including the combination of statements, questions and positive and negative questions (such as "killing three birds with one stone", "vegetable variety structure in a city" and "promoting the mother's water cellar project to get rid of the water shortage dilemma" in the Western Enterprise Ecological Flag). The writing of the positive and negative topics is generally to reveal the theme of the topic, and the negative topic is to write the event or scope of the investigation. (For example, "Revitalizing the economy depends on science and technology-a survey of Baotou relying on scientific and technological personnel to develop industry". )

(2) The title is similar to the official document title, and it is a standard title format (for example, Investigation on the Implementation of the Economic Responsibility System of the Technical Supply Department of a Steel Plant, Report on the Performance Survey of Rural Credit Cooperatives, and Investigation on the Problems Faced by Ecological Migrants in Inner Mongolia).

Step 2 sign

3. The text consists of three parts, namely the preface, the text of the investigation report and the conclusion. (1) Preface or beginning

Briefly explain the purpose, time and place of the investigation; Object or scope; What investigations have been conducted; What is the main content of this paper? This part mainly introduces the basic situation and raises questions, and the writing can be flexible and diverse. First, specify the reason or purpose, time and place, object or scope, process and method, and personnel composition of the investigation itself, and draw the central question or basic conclusion from it; The second is to state the historical background, development survey, actual situation, main achievements, outstanding problems and other basic situations of the respondents, and then put forward the central issues or main viewpoints; The third is to come straight to the point and directly summarize the survey results, such as affirming the practice, pointing out the problems, prompting the impact, and explaining the central content. The preface plays the role of making the finishing point, and it should be concise and to the point.

Generally, it is a brief introduction to the survey object, or a brief explanation of the purpose, time and process of the survey. The outline of the investigation report points out the outline of things to be reflected. The purpose is to give readers a clear impression first, so as to accept the facts and reasons expressed below and improve the reading effect. Different from the beginning of a general paper, the format of the investigation report is relatively fixed. No matter what kind of investigation report, the beginning is all around the above content, but the focus is different and the level of detail is different.

(2) Theme

The main body of the investigation report is mainly the narration and discussion of facts. This is the most important part of the investigation report, as well as the quantity of materials, the correctness of views, the clarity of levels, the sufficiency of reasons and so on. Are reflected in this part. The content of this part determines the value and fate of the investigation report, so it is the focus of writing.

This part introduces in detail the basic situation, practice and experience of the investigation and study, as well as various specific understandings, viewpoints and basic conclusions obtained through the analysis of the materials obtained from the investigation and study. Generally, the main situation, experience or problems of the investigation are summarized into several questions and written in several small parts. Each small part has a center, which is represented by a sequence code, or a subtitle is used to prompt and summarize the content of this part to make it clear.

This part of the content is arranged by levels, and the format of the comprehensive investigation report is mostly according to the order of the problems or different aspects of the problems. This survey report format structure is customarily called "horizontal structure". Special research reports are mostly in the order of time or the development law of things. For example, the investigation report Fan's "Advanced Contracting, Fierce Competition" pointed out the time from the beginning: "1984 1 1 month"; With the change of knowledge, it reached "19841February 15"; After adopting new reform measures, "more than one month's practice" has produced "gratifying changes" in five aspects. This survey report format structure is customarily called "vertical structure". The advantages of this survey report format are clear context, in line with people's thinking laws and easy to master; The disadvantage is that it is easy to write a "running account" and it is dull. Therefore, in practice, the investigation report format of "longitudinal as longitude, horizontal as latitude and criss-crossing" appeared.