American profile

National flag: The Stars and Stripes. It is a horizontal rectangle with the aspect ratio of 19: 10. The main body consists of 13 red and white wide strips, 7 red strips and 6 white strips; In the upper left corner of the flag is a blue rectangle with 9 rows of 50 white five-pointed stars. Red symbolizes strength and courage, white represents purity and innocence, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice. 13 wide stripes represent the first 13 states that launched and won the War of Independence, and 50 five-pointed stars represent the number of states in the United States of America. 18 18, the us congress passed a bill, and the red, white and wide stripes on the national flag were fixed at 13, and the number of five-pointed stars should be consistent with the number of States in the United States. Every time a state is added, a star is added to the national flag, which is generally implemented on July 4 of the second year after NSW joins. So far, the national flag has increased to 50 stars, representing 50 States in the United States. June 14 is "American flag day" every year. On this day, commemorative activities are held all over the United States to show respect for the national flag and love for the United States.

National emblem: the main body is a vulture (vulture) with a shield pattern on its chest. The vulture is the national bird of America. It is a symbol of strength, courage, freedom and immortality. The upper part of the shield is a blue horizontal rectangle, and the lower part is a red and white vertical bar, which means the same as the national flag. The crown on the eagle symbolizes the birth of a new independent country in the world, the United States of America; There are 13 white five-pointed stars in the crown, representing the original 13 states in the United States. The eagle's two claws hold an olive branch and an arrow respectively, symbolizing peace and strength. The yellow ribbon held by the eagle beak reads "e pluribus unum" in Latin, which means that the United States of America is a complete country composed of many states.

National anthem: "Home of the Brave" ("The Stars and Stripes" is translated as "The Stars and Stripes"). The lyrics were written by an American lawyer named Francis Scott Key when he saw the Stars and Stripes flying high above the fortress through the smoke on the battlefield of the Anglo-American War. Music score is the famous masterpiece of Susa, the "King of March". Home of the Brave was officially designated as the national anthem by the US Congress in 193 1.

National flower: Rose symbolizes beauty, fragrance, enthusiasm and love. 1985 was approved as the national flower by the Senate.

National stone: sapphire

National bird: vulture (vulture) The United States is the first country in the world to determine the national bird. The bald eagle first appeared on the American flag during the War of Independence. 1776 On July 4th, the Second Continental Congress issued the Declaration of Independence, which decided that the new America must have a special national emblem. 1On June 20th, 782, the U.S. Congress passed a resolution to make the bald eagle, which is endemic to North America, the national bird of the United States and the bird as the main body of the national emblem. Vultures are beautiful in appearance, fierce in temperament and full of feathers on their heads. Its biggest feature is white head and white tail. It represents courage, strength and victory.

Definition of country name: the United States of America is the abbreviation of U.S.A, and the United States is named after the state. In English, America and America are the same word "America", but the Chinese translation is different. The former refers to the whole America, and the latter refers to the United States.

The nickname of the United States is "Uncle Sam". It is said that Sam Wilson (1766.9.13-1854.7.31), a businessman from Troy, new york, was supplying beef to the army during the Anglo-American War of12. This is exactly the same as the abbreviation of his nickname "Uncle Sam" ("America"), so people call these materials labeled "America" "Uncle Sam". Later, "Uncle Sam" gradually became the nickname of the United States. In 1930s, American cartoonists described "Uncle Sam" as a tall, white-haired old man with a star-spangled banner and a goatee. 196 1 year, the U.S congress passed a resolution, officially recognizing "Uncle Sam" as a symbol of the United States.

National Day: July 4th (American Independence Day, 1776).

Politicians of various countries: george walker bush, 43rd (55th) President of the United States, was sworn in on October 20th, 2006, and was re-elected on October 20th, 2004. Vice President Cheney was re-elected in June 2004. Secretary of State condoleezza rice was sworn in in June 2005. Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld; Dnnis hastert, Speaker of the House of Representatives,1was elected in June 1999 and re-elected in 200 1; Chief Justice john roberts Jr. was sworn in in September 2005.

Physical geography: Located in the central part of North America, the territory also includes Alaska in the northwest of North America and Hawaii Islands in the central Pacific Ocean. It borders Canada to the north, Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, the Pacific Ocean to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. It covers an area of 93726 1.5 million square kilometers, 4,500 kilometers from east to west, 2,700 kilometers from north to south and 22,680 kilometers from coastline. Most areas have a continental climate, while the south has a subtropical climate. The temperature difference between the central and northern plains is very large. The average temperature in Chicago is MINUS 3 degrees in June and 24 degrees in July. 65438+ 10, the average temperature along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico is 1 1℃, and it is 28℃ in July. (The picture on the left shows the "southernmost tip of the United States" sign on key west Island, Florida, USA)

Capital: Washington, D.C., with a population of about 520,000 (2000).

Population: 293.655 million (July 2004 1). As of July 2006, 5438+0, white 65438+9.93 million, accounting for 70%, Hispanic 37 million, accounting for 13%, black 36 million, accounting for 12.7%, and Asian125,000. General English. 57% of the residents believe in Protestantism, 28% in Catholicism, 2% in Judaism and 4% in other religions. Those who do not belong to any religion account for 9%.

Brief history: It was originally a settlement of Indians. /kloc-At the end of 0/5, Spain, the Netherlands, France and Britain began to immigrate to North America. Britain came from behind, and by 1773, Britain had established 13 colonies. 1775, the American people's war of independence against the British colonists broke out. 1776 On July 4th, the Second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army was formed, with George Washington as the commander-in-chief. The Declaration of Independence was adopted and the United States of America was formally established. The war of independence ended in 1783, the federal constitution was formulated in 1787 and George Washington was elected as the first president in 1788. After 18 12, she got rid of British rule completely. 1860, abraham lincoln, a Republican who opposed slavery, was elected president. 1862 After the publication of The Emancipation Proclamation in September, the slave owners in the south rebelled and the civil war broke out. 1865, the war ended in victory in the north, thus clearing the way for the rapid development of American capitalism. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, with the development of capitalism, the United States began to expand abroad. In the 100 years after 1776, the territory of the United States almost expanded by 10 times. After World War II, American national strength increased greatly.

Administrative Districts: It is divided into ten regions: New England, Central China, Mid-Atlantic, Southwest China, Appalachian Mountains, Alpine Areas, Southeast China, Pacific Coast, Great Lakes Region, Alaska and Hawaii. * * * The United States has 50 states and the capital, Washington, with a total of 3,042 counties. The federal territory includes the free association of Puerto Rico and the Northern Mariana Islands; Overseas Territories include Guam, American Samoa and the United States Virgin Islands. The names of these 50 states are: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri and Michigan. New Mexico, new york, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming >; & gt& gt

Major cities: Washington, D.C., new york, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, Houston, Detroit, Dallas, Baltimore, Phoenix and San Francisco. California), Cleveland (Ohio), Boston (Massachusetts), New Orleans (Louisiana), Seattle (Washington), Denver (Colorado), St. Louis (Missouri), Minneapolis (Minnesota), Honolulu, Hawaii, Buffalo (new york), Salt Lake City (Utah

108, millions of people held a float parade on Fifth Avenue in New York to commemorate Columbus's discovery of America.

Pearl harbor, Hawaii

Cultural and natural heritage: Everglades National Park (Florida), Fog Mountain National Park (Tennessee/North Carolina), Crohn and wrangell-St. elias Park (Yukon/South Alaska), mammoth cave National Park (Central Kentucky), Olympic National Park (Northwest Washington), Woodwood Park (Northwest California), Yellowstone National Park (Wyoming/Montana/Idaho junction), Independence Hall (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), Ford Terrace National Park (Southwest Colorado), Cahokia Wharf Site (Illinois), Colorado Grand Canyon (Midwest Colorado), Statue of Liberty (Freedom Island at the mouth of Hudson River in New York), Nassemity National Park (Central Chaco National Historical Park (Northwest New Mexico), Monticello and University of Virginia (Virginia, the former is Jefferson's former residence), hawaii volcanoes national park, Hawaii.

President Bush is in the Oval Office.

Politics:1On July 4th, 776, the constitutional document "Federal Regulations" was formulated. 1A draft constitution was drawn up in May, and1A came into effect in March, 789. It is the first written constitution in the world as an independent and unified country. In the past two centuries, * * * has made 27 constitutional amendments. Important amendments include: 179 1 the first constitutional amendment 10, which was passed by the National Assembly in September, including the protection of the rights of belief, speech, publication and peaceful assembly, and was later called the "Bill of Rights" (or "Bill of Rights"); Amendments to articles 13 and 15 on the abolition of slavery and the recognition of the rights of black citizens, adopted by 1865 and 1870; 195 1 The 25th Amendment stipulates that if the President is unable to exercise his functions and powers, the Vice President will be promoted to the presidency. The main content of the constitution is to establish a federal state, and each state has greater autonomy, including legislative power; The political system of separation of powers is implemented, and the legislative, administrative and judicial powers are separated and restricted each other. According to the Constitution, the executive power belongs to the President, and the power of heads of state and government is concentrated in the hands of the President, who is also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and is not responsible to the National Assembly. The president's executive orders have the same effect as the law. The President is indirectly elected for a term of four years. The government cabinet consists of ministers and other members appointed by the President. In fact, the cabinet only plays the role of assistant to the president and advisory group, and has no collective decision-making power. Congress is the highest legislative body, consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. The main functions and powers of Congress are: legislative power, administrative supervision power, treaty and official appointment approval power (Senate) and constitutional amendment power. The right to reelect the president and vice president, etc. Members of the two houses are directly elected by the voters of each state. Each state has two senators, *** 100, with a term of six years and re-election every two years, which is 1/3. The House of Representatives is elected in proportion to the population of each state, with a total of 435 members. The term of office is two years, and all of them will be re-elected at the expiration of their terms.

On June 5438+1October 2 1, 2002, many people came.

A memorial service was held in front of the American Black Civil War Monument to commemorate the leaders of people's rights.

The 73rd anniversary of the birth of Martin Luther King.

Members of both houses can be re-elected indefinitely. All members of the Senate and the House of Representatives are full-time, and may not hold government posts concurrently. In addition, Congress can pass resolutions that don't need the president's signature, and they have no legal effect. Congress has the power to impeach the president, vice president and officials, the power to propose impeachment belongs to the House of Representatives, and the power to try impeachment belongs to the Senate. The United States has the Federal Supreme Court, federal courts, state courts and some special courts. The Federal Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice and eight justices, who serve for life. The Federal Supreme Court has the power to declare any federal and state laws invalid. U.s. Senate passes intelligence agency reform bill. In 2005, the American human rights record, the "White House" in the western United States-Crawford Ranch.

The difference between the term of office, official position and position of the US president in the US presidential election

The electoral college system in the United States, the US president pre-selected the US mid-term elections.

Political parties: There are many political parties in the United States, but only the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Democratic Party play an important role in domestic political and social life. (1) * * Hefang: founded in 1854. 186 1 year, Lincoln became president, and * * * and the party came to power for the first time. From then on to 1933 for more than 70 years, except for 16, * * * and the party have been in charge of the White House. After 1933, Eisenhower, Nixon, Ford, Reagan and George H.W. Bush came to power. Generally speaking, the voter who voted for the political party candidate in the presidential election is party member. (2) Democratic Party: Its predecessor was the Democratic Party founded by Jefferson in 1792. In its early days, it mainly represented the interests of southern slave owners, western agricultural entrepreneurs and northern middle class. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/9th century, democracy and the Party split, and one faction called itself the National Party, and later renamed the Whig Party. The faction represented by Jackson established the Democratic Party in 1828, and was officially named the Democratic Party in 1840. /kloc-In the late 1950s, the Democratic Party split, and some northern Democrats participated in the formation of the anti-slavery * * * and Party. From 186 1 to 1885, the Democratic Party is in opposition. During the 48 years from 1885 to 1933, the party was in power for 16 years, and Cleveland and Wilson were successively presidents. Since 1933, Democrats Roosevelt, Truman, Kennedy, Johnson, Carter and Clinton have been elected presidents. Party member, a Democrat, is a voter who voted for his candidate in the general election. (3) The third party includes the Green Party and the Reform Party.

New york Finance Building Tongniu Statue

Economy: The United States has a highly developed modern market economy. Its labor productivity, gross domestic product and foreign trade volume rank first in the world, and it has a relatively complete macro-control system. America is rich in natural resources. Coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, potassium salt, phosphate, sulfur and other mineral reserves rank among the top in the world. Other minerals are copper, lead, molybdenum, uranium, bauxite, gold, mercury, nickel, potassium carbonate, silver, tungsten, zinc, aluminum and bismuth. Strategic mineral resources such as titanium, manganese, cobalt and chromium mainly rely on imports. The proven coal reserves are 3,596.6 billion tons. The proven crude oil reserves are 27 billion barrels. The proven natural gas reserves are 5,603.4 billion cubic meters. The forest area is about 4.4 billion mu, with a coverage rate of 33%. The industrial and agricultural production categories are complete, the degree of intensification is high, the level of economic development ranks first in the world, and the gross national product ranks first in the world. Automobile industry and construction industry occupy an important position in industry and are the two pillars of American economy. In recent years, driven by scientific and technological progress in the fields of information and biology, the industrial transformation in the United States has accelerated, and labor-intensive industries have been further eliminated or transferred abroad. At the same time, high-tech industries such as information are developing rapidly, product upgrading is accelerating day by day, and progress has been made in transforming traditional industries with high technology. The main industrial products are automobiles, aviation equipment, computers, electronic and communication equipment, steel, petroleum products, fertilizers, cement, plastics, newsprint and machinery. Agriculture is highly developed and highly mechanized. The main agricultural products are wheat, corn and soybeans, occupying a leading position in the world. The total grain output accounts for 1/5 of the world. The United States is the largest trader of goods and services in the world. The main exporting countries and regions of the United States are: Canadian, European Union, Mexican, Japanese and China. The main importing countries and regions are: Canadian, European Union, Japanese, Mexican and China. In 2006, the gross domestic product (GDP) was 5438+0:102081billion dollars (at current prices), and the per capita GDP was 35843 dollars (at current prices).

The US defense budget in fiscal year 2005 reached $422 billion. & gt

Military: The President concurrently serves as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces and holds the supreme command. The right to use offensive strategic weapons and nuclear weapons is under the centralized control of the President. The national military command system consists of the National Security Council, the Ministry of National Defense and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. The National Security Council is the highest decision-making body, composed of the President, the Vice President, the Secretary of State and the Minister of National Defense, and attended by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency. The Ministry of National Defense is the office where the President directs the whole army. The Joint Chiefs of Staff is not only the military advisory body of the President, the Minister of Defense and the National Security Council, but also the military command organ where the President and the Minister of Defense issue orders to the Joint Command. The Joint Chiefs of Staff of the three armed forces and the General Staff are responsible for drafting operational plans and implementing operational command. After the "911"incident in 20065438, the United States further adjusted its military strategy and accelerated the establishment of a "new trinity" strategic force combination consisting of nuclear and non-nuclear offensive strike systems, missile defense systems and national defense infrastructure capable of quickly responding to terrorist threats. In 2002, US military expenditure was $335.7 billion, accounting for 43% of the total world military expenditure. Comprehensive analysis of Bush's signing the defense budget bill for fiscal year 2005.

The United States is the largest military power in the world, with a total active force of 654.38+0.398 million. Among them, Lu %B