Are there any aliens on the earth?

from my window, there is a nearby church and a parking lot that is often empty in front. When I was still in primary school, I would look at the dark and silent parking lot eagerly every night before I went to bed, and I couldn't stop longing: one day, a spaceship flying from hundreds of millions of light-years away will fall from the sky, and I will be the first person to witness it, and even become the earth representative to welcome this batch of whispers. Think about it. It is a great excitement and pride to be able to become a historical policy

a person who knows what "human beings" are like on other planets.

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However, in private, I have another reason, that is, I firmly believe that if creatures from outer space really visit the earth, it will

shock the whole human society. By then. Maybe I don't have to

go to school every day, and I don't have to study day and night to cope with the endless tests and exams ...

Therefore, you can imagine. I looked out of the window a lot during the exam, and my mood was particularly ardent! Unfortunately, day after day, year after year. This wish comes to nothing every time. Now, the stage of studying has been over for a long time, and I can't help secretly laughing when I look back on the situation in those days.

my personal experience was not worth writing about; But when I think about the UFO craze in recent decades, what's the difference between the psychology behind < P >? After thinking about it, I feel that it is worth mentioning.

Of course, most people don't want to avoid reading and exams like I did when I was a child. They want to escape. It is often

the camp in life and the depression at work. They pin their hopes on external shocks and expect some earth-shattering changes to break the cage of the current social system. Or have superhuman wisdom to solve the dilemma in today's world.

It is true that their psychology is not all escape or sustenance, just as I am eager to see the true appearance of "aliens", they are also driven by a strong curiosity to know whether there are other higher

intelligent creatures in the universe besides us; If so, will their form, appearance, thoughts and feelings be completely different from ours?

can you talk to us?

In recent years, the most successful movies about flying saucers and planetary people are Close En-counters of the Third Kind (1978) and Alien (E.T., 1982) by Stephen

Spielberg. The popularity of these two films reflects the growing public interest in the topic of life in outer space.

it is only in recent years that the general public is interested in this topic. However, a few people have written

on this topic, but it has a long history.

As human beings realize that the universe is boundless, and the world we live in is only a tiny part of the universe, with a keen mind and imaginative mind, they begin to ask such a question: The study of astronomy not only tells us

. All the bright stars in the sky are like our sun, each of them is a huge body that glows and heats itself. Then, are all these lights and heat wasted by confession? The universe is so big, is it only the incredibly small corner of the earth that breeds life? Are humans alone in the universe?

in the middle of the 16th century, Copernicus replaced the geocentric theory with the earth as the center of the universe. GiordanoBruno, one of the ardent supporters of the < P > theory of the earthquake, took this new view of the universe one step further and put forward the viewpoint of a pluralistic < P > world. According to this view, under the illumination of other suns, there are many worlds like the earth, and these worlds are pregnant with different forms of life, even other human beings and other souls. However, it was for these heresies that Bruno was executed at the stake by the then Vatican in 16, becoming the first martyr in the scientific community under theocracy.

But torture cannot destroy people's spirit of seeking truth. The fact that "the earth is just one of many worlds",

has finally been gradually accepted by the intellectual community. Kepler, a German astronomer who is famous for deducing only the three laws of planetary motion,

boldly assumed that there are creatures on the moon in his book "Travel in Dreams" published in 1634. In the story

, there are some strange plants growing on the moon (one day on the moon is about

two weeks on earth). In addition, there are some giant animals with human face and snake body, which move on the surface of the moon during the day, but in the long and slow nights, they hide in caves under the surface of the moon to avoid the cold. This work more than 2 years ago can be said to be

' s first attempt to speculate and describe aliens.

in 1752, the French philosopher FrancoisVoltaire described two people from the planet who came from Saturn and Sirius separately in one of his works. But we know nothing except that people on these planets are much taller than people on earth, because Voltaire didn't deliberately discuss the topic of life in outer space. He created

these two alien visitors only to reveal and satirize various moral, ethical and political problems in society at that time.

On the contrary, in the serious academic work "Cosmic System Theory" published in 1755, the famous German philosopher

Kant wrote an article "An attempt to compare residents on different

planets based on the analogy of human nature" with a serious attitude. "Based on the different degrees of heating of each planet, he thinks that the earth is farther from the sun < p" On the contrary, the inhabitants of planets other than the earth, such as Saturn and Jupiter, are light and flexible. Although Kant's inference is not quite in line with science, his attempt to combine facts with speculation,

reasoning with imagination has already possessed the characteristics of good science fiction conception. Unfortunately, science fiction

was not popular at that time, otherwise he might have become a very good science fiction writer!

However, although some scholars have thought about life in outer space, this concept is still

very strange and even unacceptable to ordinary people. Verne of France is the originator of modern science fiction, but his works have not touched on this topic. The real breakthrough came in the book TheWar of the

Worlds published in 1898. In this vivid and gripping novel, British science fiction master Wells painted a

thrilling scene of Martians invading the earth. Anyone who has read this book will never forget this

passage in the first chapter of the book: "… However, on the other side of the vast space, there is another race, which is more advanced than us, just as

we are more than all kinds of animals that live and die on earth; They are brilliant, cold and heartless. This moment

is looking at Ruo Earth with greedy eyes and slowly drawing up a plan to conquer mankind ... "

The content of the story is very simple. It tells that there is an ancient and technologically advanced civilization on Mars. As the

climate of Mars is drying up day by day, although these Martians have built a huge canal system, they still can't solve the increasingly serious

water problem. In order to escape the doom of extinction due to lack of water, they decided to emigrate to the earth, an environment far more suitable for people.

One flying saucer after another began to land in the suburbs of London, and the armed defense on the earth was destroyed by the

"dead light" emitted from the flying saucer. Just as mankind was losing ground and the whole earth was about to be conquered, the invading Martians < P > died suddenly and strangely, and mankind was spared. It turns out that those Martians' weapons are invincible. But they

themselves did not adapt to the environment of the earth, and they had no defense against the germs of the earth. Finally, they died at the hands of some common germs of the earth.

As soon as Cosmic Wars came out, the term "Martians" spread like wildfire, and the idea of "extraterrestrial creatures invading the earth"

became even more popular and became the subject of countless science fiction novels in the future. In addition, the flying < P > disc, the dead light (originally called "heat ray" in the book) and the planet people who look like octopus have all become models in the science fiction world. This

book is truly a classic of science fiction.

Orson Orson Welles, an American playwright who is famous for "The Great National", reported the news that Mars

people suddenly invaded the earth on the radio broadcast on the eve of Halloween in 1938, based on "War of the Universe". Many people believed it after listening to it, and they rushed to tell each other in fear, and some even < P > drove away, which became the biggest prank in the history of broadcasting.

In 1953, Hollywood officially put this novel on the screen, which made more people more familiar with this story.

On the other hand, the continuous development of science fiction has greatly exceeded the scope of the book "War of the Universe".

Well, let's take a look now. In the half century since the publication of this book, some outstanding people with the theme of aliens have published their works.

Fourteen days after the publication of "Cosmic Wars", Bales, a writer who is famous for shaping Mount Tai, wrote a series of adventure stories about Mars. Although technically, These works are just some thrilling and fantastic fantasy novels, not focusing on the topic of aliens, but the Martians described in them. Strange and ancient

strange and colorful, leaving a deep impression. But also created the so-called "REM, bug-eyed

monster", a trend of the image of a wise man.

The way John Carter, the hero of the story, arrived at Mars-with a magical spiritual will-was unscientific

, but after he arrived. The Mars described by Burroughs is based on the scene of < P > as speculated by the astronomer Lowe Weigang at that time. There lived many different tribes, among which the Green Terran, who was three meters tall, had four arms and teeth full of Bai Sensen, and his eyes were above a pair of tentacles. In addition, there are the red

people with the highest culture, the black people who plunder for a living, the yellow people who hunt for a living, and the rest are the headless people, the cannibals and so on. These tribes are at odds with each other, fighting for life in the extremely dry and thin air environment of Mars.

From 1912 to more than 3 noon in 195, Burroughs * * * wrote eleven

novels set on Mars, which fascinated thousands of readers and triggered a few people's interest in reading and even creating science fiction.

in 1934, a young writer, Weinbaum, published a short story "A Malrtian Odyssey", which was warmly welcomed and unanimously praised in an instant. This short story is recognized as a classic in alien science fiction, and the reason is investigated. It's the fire

star people created by Weinbaum in the story, which makes people feel refreshed. They are neither octopus who are bent on conquering the earth, nor are they just superhuman aliens, but they are basically the same as human beings. They have different cultures, different attitudes towards life and different ways of thinking. But behind these strange differences, these Martian soil, like ostrich, is

written, but honest and lovely. Their kindness and trust to the people of the earth were finally exchanged for "cunning and deception, which made them

lose the sacred things handed down from generation to generation, making people feel ridiculous and pitiful.

however, in that year. Friendly and lovely aliens are still not the mainstream in science fiction. Outer space is the source of terror and

death, and it is still a fascinating theme. In 1938, John W.Campbell wrote the short story

"Who is going there? )(Who Goes There？ ), is the masterpiece of horror called fantasy novel. The story describes a group of scientists who lived under the ice in Antarctica and discovered alien creatures that arrived on the earth 2 million years ago and froze. This pair of horrible monsters gradually woke up after thawing, but quickly escaped and hid. The people in the Antarctic base then mysteriously disappeared one by one, and the whole base fell into the confusion of paranoia. It turns out that this escaped alien creature can

transform at will, and as long as it eats a creature, it can become exactly like that creature. The

scientist who narrowly escaped death in the base fought fiercely with the deformed monster and finally wiped him out. In 1951, Hollywood adapted the story < P > and made it into a film called The Thing, but the effect was much worse than the original.

In 1978, Alien, a blockbuster movie, was made with the effects of nuclear explosion and shock. Its inspiration is basically

from this book. Hollywood remake the original in the 198s. When it was shown in Hong Kong, it was called "Strange Form". Because of the stunt

step, the nuclear process in the movie is especially worse than that in Alien.

In 1951, heinlein continued to develop the idea of deformed alien invaders. In its novel

ThePuppetMasters, some intelligent creatures like giant amoebas secretly invade the ball

. They are attached to the victim's spine in a parasitic form. And penetrate into their central nervous system to manipulate their thoughts and behaviors from < P >. Because the author's brushwork is exquisite and the description is true, the whole book can't help but make people feel creepy < P >.

The

Saliva Tree, written by Oldys in 1966, inherits this tradition but is unique. This work was specially written by Austen to commemorate the centenary of the birth of Wells. In this paper,

semi-horror and semi-humor are used to describe that some invisible aliens are making trouble in a farm: animals such as pigs and cows have died strangely all their lives, and the bodies are just skinny and skinny. The body is empty, just like a deflated balloon. At first, the owner of the farm was puzzled, and later, after a step-by-step investigation, he discovered the truth: it turned out that those aliens not only chose fertilizer but also ate it. And it can secrete a super strong saliva, which can put those