What kind of national salvation policy did the bourgeois reformists propose?

After the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War, the national crisis further deepened. Kang Youwei and others wrote a letter asking the imperial court to refuse to sign a peace treaty with Japan, proposing to "move the capital to train troops, use fortresses and money to reject foreign barbarians, protect the territory and extend the country." life". And proposed 6 ways to enrich the country. It is called the sand method, it is called the railway, it is called the machine ship, it is called the mining, it is called the postal service. He also proposed four ways to support the people: "engage in agriculture, encourage workers, benefit business and help the poor"

A large number of newspapers, publications and societies were opened to publicize the reform and reform.

The Reform Movement of 1898, also known as the Hundred Days Reform. On January 29, 1898, Kang Youwei wrote "Ying Zhao Coordinating the Overall situation" (the sixth book), requesting Emperor Guangxu to decide to launch the Reform Movement of 1898. In this memorial, he quoted that Poland, Egypt, Turkey, Myanmar and other countries at that time were in danger of being divided or in danger due to their inflexibility, and believed that the trend of countries in the world was that "if it changes, it will be prosperous; if it does not change, it will perish; A total change will make you strong, a small change will still destroy you." The reason why China is facing danger is because it is conservative in its old laws and does not know how to change them. He said that in order to implement the New Deal, we must follow the path of the Meiji Restoration. He believed that the essence of the Meiji Restoration had three aspects: first, to swear a great oath to the ministers to determine the state; second, to set up countermeasures to recruit talents; and third, to open up the system. constitution. Based on this, he asked Emperor Guangxu to do three things as soon as possible:

1. Convene ministers at the Temple of Heaven, Taimiao Temple or Qianqing Gate to announce the reform and "declares the order of the country."

2. Set up a "Submission Office" at the Meridian Gate, and send two censors to supervise the administration. People are allowed to submit petitions, but the officials are not allowed to deliver them on their behalf. If there is an "edict", they will be summoned for questioning and their talents will be judged. Accepted.

3. Set up an institutional bureau in the inner court and formulate various new chapters, with twelve bureaus under it.

In June 1898, Emperor Guangxu promulgated the "Edict to Determine the Country" and decided to implement a reform, known as the Reform Movement of 1898 in history. The edict said: "Over the past few years, Chinese and foreign ministers have paid attention to current affairs and advocated reform and self-improvement... However, the trend has not yet spread widely, and they cannot agree on one thing or another, or they are worried about the country because of their old age, thinking that the old laws must be adhered to and the new laws must be discarded. Everyone's beaks are buzzing, but empty words are of no use... I believe that the state of the country is uncertain, and the orders will not be implemented, which will be extremely harmful and will inevitably lead to disputes among the clans, mutual hostility, and the Song Dynasty. The princes and the common people should work hard and be ambitious, and use the knowledge of sages and principles to establish their roots. They should also learn from Western learning and apply it to current affairs. They should focus on strength to avoid the shortcomings of empty space and absurdity. "In the name of the emperor. The purpose of "Edict to determine the state's order" is to "take reform as the purpose of the order, use Western learning as the pursuit of the subjects, set the state's order, and determine the direction of the public. Then the reform will be decided, the people's hearts will be unified, and the trend will be determined." ”

However, the reform touched the interests of the conservative faction headed by Cixi, and was suppressed.