How did Huguang fill Sichuan? Where is Huguang today?

Huguang's filling in Sichuan refers to a large-scale migration in the Qing Dynasty.

According to research, residents of more than a dozen provinces such as Jiangxi, Fujian and Guangxi are also among the immigrants. At the end of Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty, Sichuan experienced wars and its population dropped sharply. Therefore, a series of measures have been taken from the central government to the local governments to attract immigrants, among which Huguangxing Province has the largest population.

Taking Chengdu as an example, the Overview of Chengdu in the late Qing Dynasty recorded that "Chengdu people today are all from other provinces"; Among them, Huguang accounts for 25%, Henan Shandong 5%, Shaanxi 10%, Yunnan Guizhou 15%, Jiangxi 15%, Anhui 5%, Jiangsu and Zhejiang 10%, Guangdong Guangxi 10%, and Fujian.

Scale of entry into Sichuan

According to the data provided by Guangxu's New Records of Guang 'an Prefecture, the Huang and Ma nationalities in Hubei accounted for 26.64% of the population entering Guang 'an Prefecture. Hubei and Hunan together account for about 60%. The immigration of Huguang into Sichuan has greatly promoted China society. Among them, Macheng immigrants occupy an important position in Sichuan.

Conditions for Macheng immigrants to enter Sichuan. Geographically, Sichuan Basin, under ancient conditions, is the best route to enter Sichuan. Therefore, from the Yuan Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty, migrants from Macheng, Hubei Province filled Sichuan, and the most people entered Sichuan and left their jobs.

There are three immigration conditions in Macheng: first, Macheng is not far from Chongqing; Second, Macheng immigrants have a long history. In Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, a large number of Macheng immigrants entered Sichuan. Third, it is related to Zhang's peasant uprising. Zhang stayed in Hubei for a long time, and then moved to Huguang and Jiangxi, especially Macheng, where many farmers joined the army. So many of Zhang's men are Macheng people.

After Zhang's defeat, some people stayed in Sichuan anonymously. The immigrants from Nanchuan County, Sichuan Province (now Nanchuan District, Chongqing) are all Huguang people, especially from Daqiu, Ezhou, Xiaogan Township, Macheng (there were four townships in Macheng in the early Ming Dynasty, and Xiaogan Township was merged into Xianju Township in Chenghua).

In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there were more than one million immigrants.

Half of them are from Hubei and Hunan. There are about 300 thousand people in Hubei. Macheng undoubtedly occupies an important proportion. However, how many people went to Sichuan in Macheng? The author consulted the county annals of Macheng in Qing Dynasty, but did not record the great event of this immigration.

According to the household registration records of Macheng County Annals printed in Guangxu 8 years of Qing Dynasty, the population of Macheng in Jiajing 35 years of Ming Dynasty was 148240. The population of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty in forty-seven years was 1 16234. The registered population in the early Qing Dynasty was 1 10287. Inferred from this figure, there may be 37,953 people who immigrated to Sichuan in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. Of course, there are also people who participated in the peasant uprising in Zhang.

But it is estimated that the number of immigrants is around 30 thousand. If this figure is true, it accounts for 10% of the total number of immigrants in Hubei. There should be more at county level. This does not include the number of people who entered Sichuan in the early Ming Dynasty. If counted together, it is estimated that there are no fewer than 65,438+10,000 people.

According to Hu Zhaoxi, a professor at Sichuan University, 58 genealogies of Chongqing, Hechuan, Nanxi and Guang 'an were studied many years ago. Before the Qing Dynasty 1 18 households entered Sichuan, of which 85 households were Huguang, and 65 of them were from Macheng.

Where is Huguang today?

This question is very simple and can be answered in one sentence: Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong and Guangxi.