Chaoshan's world hipsters

The Han nationality, which originated in the Central Plains, has been supported by historians, linguistic research, biology, social anthropology, archaeological discoveries and genealogy, and its detailed historical materials provide ideal clues for our genetic research. Some experts pointed out that the unique "Liu Jia Inheritance" of Chaoshan people, Central Plains Han people and East China Han people is the symbol of pure Han people.

According to the number of immigrants recorded in historical materials and the population changes in Chaoshan area in past dynasties, it is inferred that the first immigration tide in Chaoshan area may be in the late Qin Dynasty and early Han Dynasty, and its main body is Qin Jun. The third large-scale migration tide was from the end of Eastern Han Dynasty to the end of Western Jin Dynasty. This period of history is related to "one pass to Du Nan, and Ba's surname enters Fujian", which is also the main reason why several Chaozhou dialects speak Wei-Jin Mandarin recently. The next three waves of immigrants occurred in the late Tang Dynasty, the late Song Dynasty and the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, among which the number of immigrants in the late Southern Song Dynasty and the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties was huge, which directly contributed to the administrative division reform of Chaozhou Prefecture and played a fundamental role in the formation of Chaoshan people. In addition, immigrants who moved south after the Northern Song Dynasty entered Chaoshan through Putian, Fujian. So to some extent, today's Chaoshan people are mostly descendants of Putian people, so there is a saying that "Chaoshan people are the ancestors of Putian people".

However, Han people were not the only immigrants who moved to Chaozhou in ancient times. For example, "After Chu destroyed Yue, the descendants of Gou Jian, the king of Yue, dispersed to southern Zhejiang, Fujian and eastern Guangdong, respectively, and established Ou Yue State and Min Yue State, in which the scope of Min Yue State is roughly Fujian and eastern Guangdong" (Gou Jian's surname, whose Y chromosome has been detected, is indeed a Zhuan Xu family, and is undoubtedly the predecessor of the Han people). Later, the Yi people who entered the tide at the latest in the early Jin Dynasty, the She people who moved south in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and a small number of Liao and Zhuang people entered the tide through northern Guangdong in the early Sui Dynasty (Guangdong and Guangxi were all Liao and Zhuang base areas except eastern Guangdong), but the number of these immigrants was far less than the total number of Han people who entered the tide in previous dynasties, and the vendetta between ethnic groups (such as the war between the aborigines and the Liao and Zhuang people from the west) forced them to move away, and the rest were scattered into Chinese culture. Up to now, only a few She people live in the Phoenix Mountain area of Chaozhou.

Many universities and research institutions at home and abroad have made many comparative studies on the genetic and physical characteristics of the three major Han populations in Guangdong, and the conclusions are basically the same, that is, the Hakka people in Guangdong are closer to Guangfu people, and the two ethnic groups are closer to Guangxi Zhuang people; The population of Chaoshan people is similar to that of Han people in northern province 15. This shows that Hakka and Guangfu people have a high degree of integration with Baiyue nationality, while Chaoshan people have a low degree of integration with Baiyue nationality. This kind of research focuses on seeking medical breakthroughs in genetics. Today, the paternal lineage of the Han nationality is basically the same, but there are some differences between the maternal lineage of the north and the south. ) During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, Chaoshan people migrated overseas. With the change of dynasties, some subjects of the old dynasty fled abroad and engaged in maritime trade for a long time without returning. This is the early influx of people.

Two main reasons. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Song Bing retreated to Chaoshan, and the influx of people joined the Anti-Yuan movement. After the defeat, many adherents fled overseas. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, some hipsters fled overseas after failing to participate in the anti-Qing struggle and seeing the light again. After the formation of the Maritime Silk Road, especially after the development of maritime trade in the Ming Dynasty, some hipsters emigrated overseas through maritime trade. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, the maritime ban was gradually opened, and the Chaoshan port was moved from Raoping Zhelin to Zhang Lin, so a large number of hipsters went abroad by "red-headed boat". 19 During the 1960s and 40s of the 20th century, Chaoshan immigrants went abroad to form several climaxes. Political instability, rural economic bankruptcy and frequent natural disasters are the main reasons for the high tide of immigration. In particular, Chaoshan's "narrow land and dense people", coupled with natural and man-made disasters, has made the number of hipsters moving overseas increase day by day. Where there are tides, there are hipsters. Nowadays, the global distribution of hipsters is: there are nearly 6.5438+million in Chaoshan area, more than 6.5438+million in Chaoshan area and about 6.5438+0.5 million overseas. Therefore, there are three tides at home and abroad, and each tide is tens of millions. The population of Chaoshan people is about 35 million (the total number of overseas Chinese in Chaozhou is about150,000 "incomplete statistics"), and the main distribution areas except Chaoshan area are: Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta, Wuhan, Xiamen, Hainan, Beibu Gulf, Xi 'an, Hong Kong and Macao and overseas Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Australia, France and the United States in Europe and America. Special geographical factors have cultivated Chaoshan people's hard-working, pragmatic, delicate and United character. Hipsters have the reputation of "farming like embroidery", and there is also a resounding title outside-"Oriental Jew". Hipsters wander around, are good at doing business and have made great achievements in all major fields of the world. However, behind them is a cold sweat-like anti-semitism and anti-semitism movement. At the beginning of the last century, King Maha Wajirawu of Thailand signed Asawa Bahu, which compared the Chinese who are mainly Chaoshan people in China with the Jews-a small number, but hardworking, good at business and in control of their economic lifeline. This article is full of hostility and has a great influence on the anti-China movement in the future.

As early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chaoshan people who sailed across the ocean in red-headed boats and occupied territory in Southeast Asia were already known as one of the three major business gangs in China (Shanxi merchants and Huizhou merchants were essentially official merchants, while the Chaozhou merchants who originated in the corner of the province were civil and commercial). In the long history of more than 500 years, the fate of Chaozhou businessmen has fluctuated with the change of the world pattern, but it has not disappeared because of the change of the international situation or the replacement of dynasties. Today, chapman has become the first group of Chinese businessmen in the world. A large number of them, such as the richest Chinese (Hong Kong), the richest Singaporean, the richest Thai, the richest mainland, the richest Macau, the richest Australian Chinese, the richest European Chinese, the richest Canadian Chinese, the richest African Chinese, and the richest people in many provinces and cities in China, give people the impression that "the richest man is chapman", and many domestic and even Asian brands supported by Chaoshan people are firmly controlled.