Brief introduction of Sanmenxia water control project

Sanmenxia Water Control Project is known as "the first dam of the Yellow River in Wan Li", and it is the first large-scale water control project built on the Yellow River after the founding of New China. The control basin covers an area of 688,400 square kilometers, accounting for 965,438 0.5% of the total basin area, and controls 89% of the Yellow River inflow and 98% of the sediment inflow. The project started on 1957 and was basically completed on 1960. The main dam is a concrete gravity dam with a length of 713.2m, a maximum dam height of106m and a total installed capacity of 400,000 kilowatts. It is a national large-scale hydropower enterprise.

Sanmenxia, located between Zhongtiao Mountain and hill, is a famous canyon in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. North of Sanmenxia Reservoir is Pinglu County, Shanxi Province, and south of Sanmenxia Reservoir is Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. In the old days, there was a stone island in the riverbed of the Yellow River, which divided the water volume of the Yellow River into three dividend streams from west to east. One stream in the north was "Gate", one in the middle was "Shenmen" and the other in the south was "Ghost Gate", so the gorge was named Sanmenxia. To the west of Sanmenxia is the confluence of Weihe River and Luohe River. After the two rivers meet, they flow eastward to fenglingdu and join the Yellow River. Therefore, after the Yellow River entered Henan Province, the water flow was rapid and large, which often caused floods in the old society. In order to eradicate the Yellow River flood, 1957 built dikes and dams in Sanmenxia, and 1960 built the famous Sanmenxia water control project. The dam is 353 meters high and has a storage capacity of 65.438+062 billion cubic meters. Due to siltation and problems in construction, the project was gradually rebuilt at 1965 to make it work normally. Sanmenxia water control project is a comprehensive project integrating power generation, irrigation and flood control, which provides sufficient electricity for Henan, Hebei and Shanxi provinces and irrigation water for Henan, and plays an important role in flood control in Henan and Shandong.