Complete collection of detailed information of concentration camps

A concentration camp is a large-scale detention facility similar to a prison, which is used to isolate and detain dissidents, overseas Chinese in enemy countries and members of specific ethnic, religious or political belief groups in isolated facilities. The biggest difference between it and prison is that people detained in concentration camps are often detained without a normal and fair legal judgment and a fixed detention period because of their specific identity or behavior.

Basic introduction Chinese name: concentration camp mbth: concentration camp includes: restricting personal freedom? The main countries of forced labor: Nazi Germany, Soviet Union, etc. Introduction, basic information, appearance time, cases, China compatriots, there are many forms to introduce the meaning of concentration camps, which can simply restrict personal freedom or force labor. During World War II, Nazi Germany's concentration camps committed genocide. Some refugee camps actually belong to de facto concentration camps. Because of their unpopularity, refugees were detained or isolated in refugee camps. In order to prevent further influx of refugees, they are often treated unfairly and their living conditions are extremely bad. Basic information concentration camps are places where political prisoners, prisoners of war and ethnic minorities are held. People in concentration camps are often starved, imprisoned, insulted, abused, tortured and brutally slaughtered indefinitely. 1900, the kitchen was sent to South Africa by Queen Victoria to direct the Ying Bu War. He quickly defeated the Boers in South Africa (descendants of the Dutch), burned and plundered in South Africa, established a concentration camp for detaining civilians (this is the first time in history that the word concentration camp officially appeared), and finally conquered South Africa. Although what he did in Africa was condemned by many people, he was still praised as a national hero by Britain. During World War II, German fascists set up concentration camps in Auschwitz, Danneker, treblinka and Buchenwald, killing a large number of political prisoners, prisoners of war and Jews. Auschwitz concentration camp is the largest concentration camp in Germany, located near Auschwitz in Galicia, Poland. Founded in 1940, it mainly holds Jews in Poland and Germany. The Nazis established a large-scale comprehensive extinction facility here, including a "bathroom" for killing people with poison gas, a corpse cellar for storing corpses and a corpse incinerator. , exterminate the Jews. The Nazis also selected prisoners for medical experiments, such as testing convenient sterilization methods and performing vivisection on twin children. About 4 million people were killed in concentration camps. Buchenwald concentration camp is an earlier concentration camp in Germany, which was built in 1937. There is a typhoid and virus research institute. Doctors use prisoners to test the infection of virus and the effect of vaccine. Many prisoners died in medical experiments. During the period of Kuomintang rule, concentration camps were established in Baigongguan, Zhazidong, Shangrao, Xifeng, Northwest and other places to imprison and maim China people, progressives and patriots. Bai Mansion was originally the villa of Sichuan warlord Bai Juyi, so it was named Bai Mansion. 1939 was seized by the military and turned into a detention center. Zhazidong used to be a coal mine, so it was named because it was surrounded by cinders. In the concentration camp, secret service organizations tortured and brutally tortured imprisoned people and Democrats, causing many revolutionaries to die at the hands of poisonous hands. They also carried out mass killings. From 1945 to 1949, more than 2,000 people were secretly executed in Bai Mansion alone. During the Second World War, German Nazis established many concentration camps at home and in occupied areas to suppress dissidents and promote racism. Concentration camps, also known as "death camps", usually have gas chambers, autopsy rooms and cremators for mass killings and human experiments. During World War II, Nazi concentration camps claimed millions of lives and became the darkest page in human history. The following are the main concentration camps built by Nazi Germany: Auschwitz Auschwitz concentration camp was the largest concentration camp built by Nazi Germany during World War II. Founded in April of 1940, it is the collective name of more than 40 concentration camps near Auschwitz, more than 300 kilometers away from Warsaw, Poland. The German Nazis imprisoned millions of people here and slaughtered 165438+ ten thousand of them. Most of the victims were Jews. 1945 65438+1On October 27th, the Soviet Red Army liberated Auschwitz concentration camp, and 7,000 survivors were reborn. The "wall of death" between Auschwitz concentration camp 1 1 and 12. This wall is named after the SS shooting prisoners here at will. Every anniversary, people come here to mourn the dead. There was a riot in this camp and all the rioters were killed. On June 25, 2005, a Jewish survivor (former), accompanied by his companions, remembered the victims of Auschwitz concentration camp 2-Birkenau concentration camp. Dachao Dachao concentration camp Dachao concentration camp is located about 80 kilometers northwest of Munich, Germany. Built in 1933 and expanded in 1938. It was the first concentration camp built by Nazi Germany and was once used as a teaching base for training SS officers in concentration camps. There were 265,438+/kloc-0,000 prisoners here, including many Jewish civilians and Soviet prisoners of war, and nearly 32,000 of them were persecuted to death or shot. 1On April 29th, 945, the concentration camp was liberated and more than 30,000 detainees were freed. Saxon Hausen Saxon Hausen concentration camp is located near the German capital Berlin. It was the headquarters of Nazi concentration camps in German-occupied areas during World War II. The concentration camp covers an area of 400 hectares and its overall layout is triangular. It was designed and built according to the requirements of Himmler, the leader of the Nazi SS, and is considered to be the most "modern" concentration camp. From the establishment of 1936 to the liberation of 1945 on April 22, more than 200,000 people, including social Democrats, resistance fighters, Jews, Gypsies and Soviet prisoners of war, were detained here, and half of them died of hard labor, illness or were shot to death. Buchenwald Buchenwald concentration camp is located near Weimar, an eastern German city, and was built in 1937. During World War II, about 250,000 people were imprisoned here, of which 56,000 were killed by the Nazis in various ways, including Herman, the German rostrum. In the concentration camp, a group of anti-fascist fighters, led by Germans, have always insisted on fighting the Nazis. They secretly planned to win freedom through armed uprising. 1945 in April, they launched an armed uprising, took control of the concentration camp in less than a day, and liberated nearly 2 1000 people. Ravensbrook Women's Concentration Camp Ravensbrook Women's Concentration Camp was built between 1938 and 1939, 50 miles north of Berlin. During World War II,133,000 women, children and teenagers were imprisoned here. They are forced to do heavy physical labor such as road construction, and some women are used for medical experiments. 1945 Before the Soviet Red Army liberated here, about 50,000 people were persecuted to death. Belgen-Balcen Belgen-Balcen was built in 1940, and the British army liberated the concentration camp in 1945. During the five years of the existence of the concentration camp, the German Nazis killed about 70,000 detainees here. Mauthausen Nazi Germany/KLOC-0 annexed Austria in March, 938. Mauthausen concentration camp, founded in August 1938, is the main concentration camp where Nazi Germany persecuted Jews, anti-fascists and innocent civilians in Austria. This concentration camp and 49 affiliated concentration camps in other Austrian areas imprisoned 200,000 people, and 654.38+10,000 people were persecuted to death, at least 5 of whom were from China. On May 1 1, 2003, the unveiling ceremony of the memorial hall for the victims in China was held in the former site of Mauthausen concentration camp. The dark marble monument is engraved with the words "in memory of the victims in China". The Brendonk concentration camp is located 20 kilometers north of Brussels, Belgium. Originally a fortress in Belgium during World War I, it became a concentration camp in Nazi Germany during World War II. It is a hell on earth to imprison, persecute and mistreat Jews and armed resistance personnel. During the four years from 1940 to 1944, 164 people were shot, 2 1 people were hanged and about 100 people were tortured to death. China Compatriots1Spring of 942, 165 China crew members detained by Germany were concentrated in Hamburg and forced to work under extremely difficult conditions. In the same year, the China Center in Berlin arrested all the last 323 China people still living in Berlin's Chinatown on trumped-up charges such as "collaboration with the enemy" and "espionage", and finally sent them to the Tomorrow Labor Camp in Williamsburg, the center of Hamburg.

1On May 3, 944, the Gestapo launched a large-scale arrest operation codenamed "Chinesenaktion" against Hamburg Chinatown. Although Chen Jilin, the leader of the Sailor's Pavilion, got wind of it in advance through the eyes of Nazi authorities and organized 100 China people to escape, there were still 129 China people and a few German women living with them in Jewelry Street. [4] Operation China was led by Albert Verme at the Gestapo in Hamburg. From blocking the surrounding roads to searching from house to house, * * * used more than 200 Hamburg police and Gestapo personnel, more than the total number of residents left in Jewelry Street. In this operation, the last batch of 129 German Chinese were collectively arrested for "collaboration with the enemy". These people were escorted to the famous David Police Station 15 in Hamburg, and then sent to the Hamburg detention center on Glass Street in Halston, and finally put into Fosbit Prison (some of them were converted into Nazi concentration camps). [8] China prisoners were brutally abused by the Gestapo here, and many people died in prison.

1In September, 944, about 60 to 80 prisoners from China were transferred from Fosbit Prison to Tomorrow Labor Camp in Williamsburg, making Tomorrow Labor Camp the largest concentration of China prisoners in Nazi Germany. In the Nazi prison system, Arbeitserziehungslager was different from Konzentrationslager and was responsible for providing labor for German companies and the army. Nevertheless, the living conditions in tomorrow's labor camp are actually not much better than those in Nazi concentration camps. Political prisoners in reform-through-labour camps are forced to work in Hamburg and its vicinity, or work in factories at the bottom, or dig fortifications for the national defense forces and police forces in the suburbs, which are actually used as slaves. According to official Nazi archives, it can be confirmed that 17 China people died in labor camps due to abuse and overwork. However, due to the turbulent situation in Germany at the end of the war, chaotic records and the loss of a large number of files, the real death toll may be much higher.

A few months later, the remaining China prisoners in Fosbit prison were released, but many of them were transferred to other Nazi labor camps or concentration camps as slave laborers. Most of these people were held in the notorious Neungamer concentration camp. The exact number is unknown, and it is not known whether anyone was finally liberated by the Allies alive. On the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Second World War in 2005, Xinhua News Agency reporters visited the archives of German, Austrian and Polish concentration camps for investigation and interview, and confirmed that at least five China people (probably China people from Germany or other countries) were imprisoned in the Mauthausen concentration camp in Austria; There are also at least three China people in Buchenwald concentration camp near Weimar; At the Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland, it was found that at least one China survived and was liberated by the Soviet Union. It is unknown whether these people were captured by the Nazis from the Chinese communities in Berlin, Hamburg or Bremen and moved here, or whether they were captured in other parts of Germany for other reasons.