Difficulties in geographical migration of population

Knowledge points of "population migration" in geography of college entrance examination

What is population migration generally refers to the spatial flow of population between two regions, which usually involves the permanent or long-term change of population residence from the place of emigration to the place of emigration.

The reason of population migration is the imbalance of population and living materials in different regions, and the living environment in different regions is very different.

Influencing factors of population migration 1, natural environment factors ① climate ② fresh water ③ soil ④ minerals ④ natural disasters ② socio-economic factors ② transportation and communication ③ cultural and educational undertakings ④ marriage and family ③ political factors ① policy ② war ③ political change.

The influence of population migration on the place of immigration ① get enough labor; (2) Conducive to the development of local resources; ③ Impact on urban environment. Impact on immigrants: ① Strengthen economic, cultural and scientific exchanges with the outside world; (2) It is beneficial to alleviate the local contradiction between man and land; (3) It is conducive to increasing income and promoting social and economic development (Shanghai has become a place of immigration: developed economy, high income and many employment opportunities).

Impact of population flow to cities: 1. Beneficial effects: 1. Population mobility provides a large number of cheap labor for cities and creates conditions for urban economic development; (2) promoting the development of urban commerce and increasing urban income; (3) Changing the urban economic structure is conducive to the deepening development of urban economic system reform; (4) promoting the development of the tertiary industry in the city; ⑤ Promote the development of agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing and sideline in the surrounding areas of the city; Second, adverse effects: ① the influx of a large number of floating population has increased the pressure on housing and traffic in the city; (2) Aggravating urban environmental pollution; (3) It brings problems to the city's social security management; (4) Employment difficulties, the number of unemployed people increased.

Population migration exercise 1. Read the material and answer the following questions. Material 1: The "20 19 Global Politics and Security Report" issued by Chinese Academy of Sciences shows that China is becoming the largest immigrant country in the world, and "the third wave of immigration climax has intensified in the first decade of this century. The main destinations of immigrants from China are Europe, North America and Australia. Material 2: China's Twelfth Five-Year Plan clearly states that China will promote the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, encourage and guide overseas students to return to work and serve the country, and actively attract overseas high-level talents.

(1) Analyze material 1 and material 2, and explain what is the basic direction of international population migration and mobility at present? From developing countries to developed countries, from economically underdeveloped areas to economically developed areas.

(2) Why have Europe, North America and Australia become the most important gathering places for immigrants from China?

China is a developing country with a large population and relatively backward economy, while Europe, North America and Australia are typical developed regions with high level of economic development, good working and living environment and high income level. Moreover, these countries and regions have low birth rate, serious aging population and labor shortage, which have become the bottleneck of their economic growth and objectively become attractive to immigrants, so these regions have become the most important immigrant gathering places in China. (3) The number of overseas immigrants in China is increasing year by year. What's the negative impact on China? The number of overseas immigrants in China is increasing year by year, mainly studying and working abroad. The high scientific and cultural quality of the foreign population has caused the brain drain in China to a certain extent, which has adversely affected the economic development of China. (4) Why should China encourage and guide overseas students to return to work? China students are high-quality talents in China. Encouraging and guiding them to return to work will greatly promote China's social development and help to improve China's international competitiveness.