Historical background of Shanghang Hakka

Yining area is located in the upper reaches of Hexiu in the west of Jiangxi Province, between the shogunate mountains and the Jiuling mountains, and at the junction of Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan provinces. Wuning County was established in the Tang Dynasty, and west eight Township of Wuning County (Gao Xiang Township, Xiang Chong Township, Fengxiang Township, Wuxiang Township, Ren Xiang Township, Xixiang Township, Anxiang Township and Taixiang Township) was placed under Ningxian County, and they were all big counties in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The Yuan Dynasty was promoted to Ningzhou; In the sixth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (180 1), it was renamed Ningzhou. In the second year of Xuantong, Tonggu County was established in Shangchong Township and Wushang Township in the south of Yining Prefecture. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), Yining Prefecture was changed to Yining County. In 3 years, Yining County was changed to xiushui county.

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, many people died and fled because of years of wars, floods and droughts, leaving a large area of abandoned land uncultivated. The county is vast and sparsely populated, with more than 2,870 hectares of barren land and grain shortage10,000 rocks. The situation of "all the people plant and all the land is abandoned" has aroused the vigilance of the rulers of the Qing Dynasty. In the ninth year of Shunzhi (1652), Huguang, headed by Zuzeyuan, began the immigration activities of "Huguang filling Sichuan". In the seventeenth year of Kangxi (1687), Ning was the monarch, and he was also invited to persuade the people to reclaim wasteland and open mountains. Announce to the people that Ningzhou is rich and beautiful, free from the worries of floods and droughts, with a vast territory and few people, and the immigrants can arbitrarily insert the land as the boundary. In this context, a large number of Hakkas from Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi moved to Yining. According to statistics, by the end of Kangxi, there were nearly 10,000 immigrants from western Fujian, eastern Guangdong and southern Jiangxi.