Who can help me find the relevant information?

Seeking truth from news: The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee clearly put forward that strengthening the ability of independent innovation should be the strategic basis of scientific and technological development and the central link of adjusting industrial structure and changing growth mode, and efforts should be made to build an innovative country. To conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session, an important aspect is to deeply understand the great significance of building an innovative country to China's socialist modernization, and through unremitting efforts, improve the scientific quality of the whole people and contribute to building a well-off society in an all-round way.

First, building an innovative country is an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way.

Science and technology are the primary productive forces, the concentrated expression and main symbol of advanced productive forces, and the fundamental driving force for the progress of human civilization. The four main goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way are closely related to the development of science and technology. Optimizing industrial structure, improving economic benefits and enhancing comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness must rely on scientific and technological progress; Perfecting socialist democracy, perfecting socialist legal system and promoting scientific and democratic decision-making require that the majority of leading cadres must adhere to the scientific spirit and attitude of seeking truth and being pragmatic, and master basic scientific methods and rich scientific and technological knowledge; Improving the ideological and moral quality, scientific and cultural quality and health quality of the whole nation requires us to strengthen the popularization of science and technology and strive to form a learning society in which all people learn and study for life. Improving the ecological environment, improving the efficiency of resource utilization and promoting the harmony between man and nature must also be based on the full development and extensive application of science and technology. At present, the international competition in science and technology is becoming increasingly fierce, the monopoly of intellectual property rights is increasing, and the constraints on energy resources are becoming increasingly serious, which poses a severe challenge to the practice of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. We have reached a historical stage where we must rely more on enhancing the ability of independent innovation and improving the quality of workers to promote economic and social development.

Judging from the international situation, since the end of the Second World War, many countries have explored the development path of industrialization and modernization from different starting points. Some oil-rich countries in the Middle East mainly rely on natural resources to obtain wealth, while some countries in Latin America mainly rely on the capital, market and technology of developed countries to develop industrialization. More than 20 major developed countries, such as the United States and Japan, regard scientific and technological innovation as their basic development strategy, gain outstanding competitive advantages in the world market and become internationally recognized innovative countries. R&D investment in these developed countries accounts for more than 2% of their GDP, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to the economy is more than 70%, and the dependence on technology is mostly below 30%. In order to strengthen market competitiveness and highlight competitive advantages, they attach great importance to promoting enterprises to develop patented technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and form their own brands and standards on this basis, so as to make enterprises with brand-name products, advanced technologies and independent intellectual property rights bigger and stronger and develop them into multinational companies with international competitiveness. Strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, consolidating the monopoly position of multinational enterprises and maintaining the excessive monopoly profits behind intellectual property rights have become powerful weapons for western developed countries to strengthen their own strength and curb competitors. In the international market, it is difficult to introduce not only key technologies related to national defense security, but also cutting-edge technologies related to leading industries and equipment manufacturing. Facts have repeatedly proved that the real core technology can't be bought. To achieve the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, we must rely on our own strength to establish an independent innovation technology development system and promote the leap-forward development of industrial technology.

From the perspective of domestic economic and social development, since the reform and opening up, China's economy has maintained a steady and rapid growth of more than 9% per year for 26 consecutive years, and has made great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention. But at the same time, we should also realize that China is still a developing country. Although the economic aggregate is large, the per capita income level is low and resources are poor. There are still some prominent contradictions and problems in economic and social development. Generally speaking, the situation that China's economic growth depends heavily on high capital investment, high resource consumption, imported technology and some core key technologies are controlled by people has not fundamentally changed. According to estimates, at present, China's technology dependence on foreign countries is as high as 50%, more than 60% of equipment investment depends on imports, and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress is only about 39%. Because we don't master the core technology, we have to pay 20% of the price of each domestic mobile phone, 30% of the price of computers and 20%-40% of the price of CNC machine tools to foreign patentees. Research shows that if the investment rate remains at the current high level of 40% and the goal of quadrupling GDP is achieved, the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress must be increased by 20 percentage points on the basis of the current level, reaching more than 60%. This requires us to further increase investment in R&D, greatly improve the capability of independent innovation, strive to master the core technologies and key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and promote the strategic transformation of economic growth from resource-driven and capital-driven to innovation-driven. The forthcoming Outline of the National Medium-and Long-term Science and Technology Development Plan clearly puts forward the goal of China becoming an innovative country by 2020, so that China's economic and social development mainly depends on scientific and technological progress and strives to embark on a road of independent innovation with China characteristics. This is also the truth.

Second, cultivating a large number of innovative talents is the key to building an innovative country.

The prosperity of a country depends on gaining people. The key to enhancing independent innovation ability, building an innovative country and building a well-off society in an all-round way lies in talents. This requires us to change the concept of resource development, from focusing on developing natural resources to focusing on developing human resources. Historically, the relationship between man and nature has experienced a tortuous course from reverence for nature to understanding, using, "conquering" and transforming nature, and then returning to harmonious coexistence between man and nature and seeking sustainable development. In this process, people realize more and more clearly that natural resources are limited, while human intellectual resources are infinite. Numerous facts have proved that human resources are the first resource that will never be exhausted, the source of power for economic growth and the stamina for economic development. In the history of world economic development, there are many examples of enterprises reviving because of the correct use of talents, such as Yakoka of Chrysler and Guo Shina of IBM. An executive of McKinsey & Company, a world-famous management consulting company, once said: "In the environment of knowledge economy, talents play the most important role. He who gets talent gets the world. " The boss of Apple in the United States also publicly claimed: "In the past, I thought a good person could top two mediocre employees, but now I think it can top 50." It can be seen that the investment in human resources is a strategic investment, and the return rate of this investment is very high.

It is precisely because human resources are a kind of strategic resources that the competition for innovative scientific and technological talents has increasingly become the focus of international competition, and the search for the best and brightest talents has evolved into a protracted and extremely fierce global battle. The core of the competition between technology and intellectual property rights is the competition for human intelligence resources and the competition for scientific and technological talents as the carrier of human intelligence resources. The more professionals with good quality, high level and outstanding professional achievements, the higher the frequency of international mobility and the fiercer the competition between countries. At present, developed countries have generally increased their efforts to search, attract and utilize talents on a global scale, which has aggravated the shortage of talents in developing countries. Statistics show that 17000 science and technology professionals in the world directly settle in the United States every year, 168000 science and technology talents go to work in the United States through temporary visas H- 1B, 183000 foreign students enter American universities, and more than 40% of science and technology immigrants in the world finally enter the United States. In contrast, developing countries are in an extremely unfavorable position in the global talent competition, and a large number of scientific and technological talents who have received higher education in their own countries continue to flow into developed countries and regions such as the United States, Japan and Europe. Take China as an example. Of the 700,200 people who went abroad to study during the period of 1978-2003, the return rate was less than 30%.

The global talent competition requires us to cultivate, attract, retain and make good use of talents with an international vision, create a good institutional mechanism and social environment, and let potential innovative talents stand out and give full play to various undertakings of the party and the country. At present, we are facing outstanding problems in cultivating innovative talents. First, some scientific and technological personnel lack innovative spirit and cannot really break through their predecessors and make progress. Second, a large number of high-level researchers are concentrated in universities and research institutes, and enterprises are extremely short of qualified engineering and technical personnel, especially high-level engineers. According to our investigation, 67% of China's scientific and technological workers are concentrated in institutions, 17.3% are in state-owned enterprises and collectively-owned enterprises, and nearly 16% are working in foreign-funded enterprises and private non-enterprise units. Such structural defects directly affect the gathering of innovative talents and the improvement of independent innovation ability of enterprises. Third, mass scientific and technological innovation activities are not deep enough. The fruitful activities such as small inventions, small creations, small innovations and small suggestions in China have also lost their former elegance in many places. The mass base for the cultivation and growth of innovative talents needs to be strengthened and consolidated.

Innovation is multi-level, including original innovation carried out by scientific research institutes, technological innovation carried out by enterprises and innovation activities of workers and peasants. Innovative talents are also multifaceted, and they are hidden in all fields and levels of society. Only a country that mobilizes innovative talents from all walks of life to participate extensively, carries out innovative activities in the whole society, and can make full use of innovative achievements is a truly innovative country. Without a large number of high-quality innovative talents with all-round development, building an innovative country is empty talk. At present, efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of innovative talents from three aspects: first, strengthen the construction of professional and technical talents and accelerate the cultivation of innovative scientific and technological talents, especially innovative leading talents with young and middle-aged people as the main body. Statistics show that at present, China's human resources only account for about 5.7% of the total human resources, while high-level talents only account for about 5.5% of the total human resources. Even in high-level talent resources, top talents who can grasp the frontier of world science and make major scientific and technological innovations are extremely scarce; The second is to strengthen the construction of party and government talents and enterprise management talents, so that more modern entrepreneurs like Haier Zhang Ruimin, Huawei Ren, Chery Yin and Geely Li Shufu dare to challenge the world's leading enterprises, closely link their destiny with national development, and launch more China brands in the world market; The third is to strengthen the construction of high-skilled talents and rural practical talents, and train a large number of workers, experts and local talents for modernization. With such an innovative talent team with considerable scale and reasonable structure, we can build an innovative country and realize the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, and there will be a strong talent guarantee.

Third, improving the scientific quality of the whole people is an important social foundation for the emergence of innovative talents.

Innovative talents are the backbone of the nation, deeply rooted in a nation's excellent spiritual and cultural traditions, a nation group with high comprehensive quality and good scientific quality, and a good institutional and institutional environment with strong incentives and appropriate rewards and punishments. To strengthen the construction of scientific and technological team, improve the talent incentive mechanism, and strive to form a team of scientific and technological talents with both ability and political integrity, reasonable structure and excellent quality, we must strive to create a social environment for innovative talents on the basis of greatly improving the scientific quality of the broad masses of workers. Without a mass group that loves science, pays attention to science and technology and has a high level of scientific quality, it will not form a good situation in which innovative talents come forth in large numbers, and independent innovation will lose its source and motivation. China's table tennis level has been leading in the world for a long time because we have a deep mass base and can continue to explore and innovate on the basis of inheriting and carrying forward excellent traditions. Therefore, improving citizens' scientific quality must be considered in a strategic position that concerns the overall situation. Through the activities of science and technology education, dissemination and popularization, we will strive to create a good atmosphere of encouraging innovation, encouraging innovation, respecting individuality and tolerating failure, cultivate the spirit of independent thinking and rational judgment, and continuously enhance the public's innovative consciousness and ability.

To have scientific quality, citizens need to understand basic scientific and technological knowledge, master basic scientific methods, establish scientific ideas, advocate scientific spirit, and have the ability to deal with practical problems and participate in public affairs by using scientific knowledge and methods. Only when citizens have basic scientific qualities can they discover, analyze and solve problems, obtain innovative results and promote social progress with the scientific spirit, attitude and method of seeking truth and being pragmatic. The survey shows that at present, the scientific quality of China citizens is still relatively low. In 2003, the population with basic scientific literacy only accounted for 1.98% of the total population, while the rural residents were as low as 0.7%, which was far from the 17% reached by the United States in 2006, with 5438+0. The working-age population's low scientific quality and lack of common sense of self-protection are not only difficult to meet the needs of modernization, but also one of the important reasons for some major safety accidents. The natural gas leakage accident in Kaixian County, Chongqing and the explosion accident in Jilin Petrochemical Company were all caused by the lowest operational mistakes. The low scientific quality of citizens has become the main factor affecting the improvement of productivity, which seriously restricts the emergence and growth of innovative talents.

Improving citizens' scientific quality is the cause of the whole society and requires the joint efforts of all walks of life. In order to meet the needs of promoting socialist economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction, the CPC Central Committee timely proposed to improve the scientific and cultural quality of the whole people as one of the goals of building a well-off society in an all-round way. According to the unified deployment of the central government, China Association for Science and Technology, together with the Central Organization Department, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Science and Technology and other departments 13, formulated the Outline of the Action Plan for National Scientific Literacy, which clearly stated that we should vigorously strengthen the construction of citizens' scientific literacy, promote the all-round development of economy, society and people, and lay a solid human resource foundation for enhancing comprehensive national strength, building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the third-step strategic goal of modernization. The Outline of the Action Plan for National Scientific Literacy will focus on the key groups and key links that currently affect the improvement of the scientific and cultural quality of the whole nation, and actively carry out four major action plans: first, implement the action for scientific literacy of minors, enhance the interest and hobby of primary and secondary school students in science and technology, and cultivate innovative spirit and practical ability by improving the quality of school science education and carrying out various forms of popular science activities; Second, the implementation of farmers' scientific quality action, improve farmers' ability to acquire scientific and technological knowledge and rely on science and technology to get rich, develop production and improve the quality of life, improve the ability of rural surplus labor to transfer employment to non-agricultural industries and cities and towns, and build a new socialist countryside with "production development, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance and democratic management"; The third is to implement the scientific quality action of urban working population, improve the learning ability, vocational skills and technological innovation ability of employees in secondary and tertiary industries, improve the vocational skills level of migrant workers and their ability to adapt to urban life, and provide human resources support for taking the road of new industrialization and developing modern service industry; Fourth, implement the scientific quality action of leading cadres and civil servants, carry forward the scientific spirit, advocate scientific attitude, pay attention to scientific methods, and enhance the ability of scientific decision-making and scientific management.

According to these four action plans, during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, we will also implement four basic projects, namely, science education and training, development and sharing of popular science resources, capacity-building of mass media for science and technology communication, and infrastructure construction for popular science, so as to build a socialized popular science platform and enhance popular science ability, and provide strong support and guarantee for improving the scientific and cultural quality of the whole people.