Large-scale introduction and learning from the Soviet Union’s First Five-Year Plan

In the beginning year of the Soviet Union’s first Five-Year Plan, a major economic crisis unprecedented in human history broke out. From October 1929, a serious economic crisis broke out in the capitalist world. It quickly spread from the United States to the world, attacking almost all capitalist countries. The great crisis brought huge disasters to the capitalist world, but it provided favorable opportunities for the development of Soviet industrialization. The Soviet Union took advantage of the West's urgent need to export capital and technology to foreign countries and find a favorable opportunity to find a way out of the crisis. It introduced a large number of Western advanced technologies, technical personnel and funds, and established a large number of key enterprises in various major industrial sectors, which promoted the development of socialist industrialization in the Soviet Union. A new stage has been reached. At this time, European and American capital, technology and talents began to transfer to the Soviet Union to find a way out. The United States, the world's largest immigrant country, also showed a tendency to immigrate abroad for the first time. 100,000 American skilled workers and engineers applied to immigrate to the Soviet Union. The Magnitogorsk Steel Plant in the Soviet Union was modeled after the Gerry Works of the United States Steel Corporation, the world's largest steel conglomerate at the time. The largest Dnieper River hydropower station in the Soviet Union was built in 1933 by introducing American technical equipment and employing American technical experts. The famous Gorky Automobile Plant was a new plant built with the aid of the American Ford Motor Company in the early 1930s. The Stalingrad Tractor Plant was built entirely in the United States and then dismantled and shipped to the Soviet Union. The equipment of the Kharkiv Tractor Plant was made in Germany and the United States, and an American served as the chief engineer of the construction. In terms of aircraft and engine production, the United States supplied the Soviet Union with aircraft or aircraft accessories and provided technical assistance. In 1931, the machinery and equipment purchased by the Soviet Union accounted for about 1/3 of the world's total exports of machinery and equipment. In 1932, the figure increased by about 50%.