An underestimated and neglected town: Cangzhou, Hebei Province

The last article talked about Hebei for a long time, and calculated whether there was a sense of existence; Finally, it is concluded that Hebei does not really have no sense of existence, but is relatively low-key. I would rather be a good man in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei than brush my presence in front of my mother.

So when it comes to Hebei, which city do you think of first?

Xibaipo, the provincial capital of Shijiazhuang? Historical city Handan? Xingtai, the site of the Battle of Julu? Or Qinhuangdao named after the king of Qin? Or Tangshan with coal mines? There are Zhangjiakou on the grassland, Chengde in the summer resort, Hengshui: Hengshui; Baoding: xiong'an new area; Langfang: the back garden of Beijing.

But it seems that one city has been neglected, that is Cangzhou, Hebei Province, which is near Bohai Sea and south of Tianjin.

(1) Cangzhou means the state of the sea. As the east gate of Huang Shuo Railway (the special coal transportation line from Shanxi to Huanghua and Cangzhou); It is also the nearest seaport to Shijiazhuang, the provincial capital;

(2) Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway pass through Cangzhou City. The traffic location condition has a good advantage.

Beijing-shanghai high speed railway

(3) In terms of rivers, Cangzhou is the longest city where the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal flows, and it is also an important transit point for ancient north-south water transport.

Today's Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal

(4) The economic aggregate of Cangzhou in Hebei Province is second only to Tangshan and Shijiazhuang; Hebei ranks third. It is also one of the three cities with ports in Hebei Province. (Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Cangzhou)

(5) When it comes to xiong'an new area, we have to mention Renqiu City in Cangzhou, which is adjacent to Baiyangdian Lake and is known as the Pearl of North China. Compared with other counties in xiong'an new area, Renqiu has a better economic development. GDP is in a leading position.

Economy of counties and cities around xiong'an new area

Xiong'an new area and surrounding counties and cities

Through the above introduction, it is not difficult to find that Cangzhou should be a city with many advantages, good urban location and great development potential.

But the reality is that when you mention Hebei, you may not think of Cangzhou at first. Speaking of xiong'an new area, I think it has little to do with Cangzhou. Speaking of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it is not easy to think of Cangzhou. The presence of Cangzhou is really not high.

Among the coastal provinces in China, Hebei Province is the most easily overlooked, but at least there is the famous Qinhuangdao City in Hebei Province. Among many coastal cities in China, Cangzhou, Hebei Province is the most easily overlooked city.

Cangzhou is one of the three major coastal cities in Hebei Province, but it is difficult to connect Cangzhou with the ocean. The only direct data that can prove the coastal area of Cangzhou is Qiantong Town, Yanshan County in 209 BC, and Qin Shihuang sent Xu Fudong to Japan (in 209 BC, in Qiantong Town, Yanshan County today, Xu Fufeng bravely led thousands of boys and girls and skilled craftsmen to set sail from here, seeking immortality medicine, crossing the ocean and successfully crossing the east).

The earliest port construction in Huanghua City, Cangzhou was in 1986 (1986 June, Huanghua Port Authority in Cangzhou, Hebei Province was established, and Dakouhe Port was renamed Huanghua Port), which was already at the end of the 20th century.

In short, as a coastal city, the relationship between Cangzhou and the ocean is not very great, because a historical material is too long and contains a strong myth. Another Huanghua port was built too late, and the older generation was not impressed. From the Han Dynasty to the Republic of China, Cangzhou had little relationship with the ocean, which made it difficult for us to connect Cangzhou with the ocean.

There are three key words in Cangzhou history: Bohai Sea, North China Plain and Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. But when it comes to these three keywords, it is not easy to think of Cangzhou, which is a very important factor leading to the low sense of existence in Cangzhou.

But today is not what it used to be. The earth-shaking changes in Cangzhou are worth remembering. Generations of Cangzhou people have interpreted earth-shattering historical events with simple and innocent spirit. Perhaps, Cangzhou represents Hebei and has a low sense of existence in the motherland, but we are low-key, realistic and enterprising.

Let's take the region and time as clues to sort out the history of Cangzhou, Hebei Province:

One: Geographical location

Cangzhou, the state of the sea, is located in the North China Plain, bordering Bohai Sea in the east, Beijing and Tianjin in the north, Shandong in the south and Taihang in the west. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the whole territory from north to south. Since ancient times, it has benefited from fishing salt, merchants gathered, economic and trade prosperity, and simple folk customs.

Topographic map of Hebei province

Hebei water system map

Two. Historical process

(1) Timeline: Cangzhou was first named in the Northern Wei Dynasty: "Cangzhou" was named in ancient times because it was close to the Bohai Sea. The original meaning of "Cang" is dark green (referring to water), which is often used to describe the waves of the sea. The name "Cangzhou" first appeared in the Northern Wei Dynasty.

According to historical records, the ancient Cangzhou has a history of more than two thousand years. It can be traced back to the second year of Xiping in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 5 17) and has a history of 1499 years. In the second year of Xiping, Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD 5 17), Cangzhou was established, which governed Fuyang, Leling and Ande.

Cangzhou Ancient City Site (Han-Ming Dynasty): Located in the west of Dongguan Village, Jiuzhou Town, 20 kilometers southeast of Cangxian County, Cangzhou City. The city site was founded in 202 BC, because it looks like a lying cow, also known as the lying cow city, also known as the lion city. The area is about 4.3 million square meters, the wall is about 40 meters wide and the circumference is 7787 meters. There are iron lions, iron money houses, iron furnaces, Kaiyuan Temple and other sites, and a large number of iron coins have been unearthed. The old city is rich in cultural relics, including Iron Lion, Tieqian Bank Site, Miyun Temple Monument, Maogong Ganquan Ancient Well, etc.

(2) Location: Cangzhou Ancient City: the ruins of the ancient Cangzhou Old City, 20 kilometers southeast of Cangzhou City, relatively closer to the Bohai Sea. The history of Cangzhou Old Town lasted until the Ming Dynasty.

Cangzhou Iron Lion was cast in the third year of Guangshun in the latter Zhou Dynasty, namely in 953 AD. In ancient times, Cangzhou was near the sea, and the sea water often flooded, which made the people around it suffer greatly. At that time, the ancients were still superstitious. In order to eliminate the flood, the local people spontaneously donated money and asked Li to cast an iron lion to help the tsunami flood, and named it "Zhenhai Hou". Located in the southeast suburb of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, in front of the original Kaiyuan Temple. The whole lion is 6.264 meters long, 5.47 meters high, 2.98 1 meter wide and weighs about 32 tons. It is the oldest and largest cast iron lion in China.

Hebei people call Cangzhou Iron Lion, Dingzhou Kaiyuan Temple Tower and Zhengding longxing temple Bodhisattva as "Three Treasures of Hebei".

The picture above shows Cangzhou Iron Lion in Jiuzhou Town. At that time, archaeologists didn't know much about the suitable environment of this cultural relic, and used protection methods that were not suitable for it, so corrosion and some cracks appeared. To prevent further damage, the following brackets have been added. Unfortunately, Cangzhou Iron Lion didn't fall in the wind and rain for nearly a thousand years, but fell in various clever protection of experts.

In 2009, Cangzhou City cast a new iron lion in Cangzhou Lion City Park, which was 1.5 times larger than the original one, and revived the iron lion who had been sleeping for thousands of years!

(3) The origin of Cangzhou and the Grand Canal: It was the rise of the Grand Canal that moved Cangzhou, a thousand-year-old city. In the hearts of Cangzhou people, this Grand Canal is their mother river.

Of the five cities of Langfang, Cangzhou, Hengshui, Xingtai and Handan that the Hebei section of the Grand Canal flows through, only Cangzhou is crossed by the Grand Canal.

This is no accident. In fact, the choice of Cangzhou city location today is inextricably linked with the construction of the Grand Canal.

"Cangzhou Canal can be traced back to the Three Kingdoms period. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (AD 206), Cao Wei dug a Pinglu canal for the northern expedition to Wuhuan. This section of the canal starts from Hutuo River and extends to lingshui river (near today's Tianjin Liu Du).

In the fourth year of the Great Cause of the Sui Dynasty (AD 608), Emperor Yangdi of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Di, issued a decree that' more than one million men and women in various counties of Hebei Province will dig the Yongji Canal, which will lead Qinshui to the Yellow River in the south and Zhuo Jun in the north', thus forming the basic reach of the canal in Cangzhou.

Photos of Cangzhou Canal in Qing Dynasty

The excavation of the Grand Canal in Sui Dynasty made Cangzhou gradually become the hub of North-South communication and the throat of flood and drought. After that, merchants from both sides of the strait gathered, and Cangzhou City prospered according to the canal.

Cangxian County, Cangzhou: Schematic diagram of the direction of the old town moving into the road.

In order to better rely on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal to develop shipping, in the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1369), the ancient city of Cangzhou moved from Kanto (now Jiuzhou Town) in Cangxian County to Luchang (now Cangzhou City) which is closer to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. This is the embryonic form of Cangzhou City today.

The present Cangzhou section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

Schematic diagram of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal In today's Cangzhou City, there is an obvious "Ji" Bay in the south, forming a beautiful scenery.

In the history of more than 2,000 years, Cangzhou has emerged one magnificent city after another to drive out foreign enemies and defend the country.

The map of Cangzhou city about 20 years ago (265438+early 20th century)

Let's take time as a clue to sort out the administrative divisions of Cangzhou from ancient times to the present:

(1) From ancient times to Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties:

Cangzhou belonged to Youzhou and Yanzhou in ancient times.

Qingzhou belongs to the Western Zhou Dynasty.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the land of Yan, Qi, Jin and Zhao.

During the Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Julu County and Luobei County.

The Han Dynasty belonged to Jizhou and Youzhou.

The three kingdoms belong to Wei.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Yingzhou and Jizhou belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty.

(2) from the northern wei dynasty to the qing dynasty:

In the second year of Xiping, Emperor Xiaoming of the Northern Wei Dynasty (5 17), Cangzhou was established, which governed Fuyang, Leling and Ande counties.

Fuyang County was abandoned at the beginning of Sui Dynasty, and later belonged to Hejian County, Bohai County and Pingyuan County.

The first year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (627) belonged to Hebei Road.

In the first year of Tianbao (742), Cangzhou was changed to Jingcheng County and Qingchi County was ruled (now southeast of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province). Its jurisdiction is equivalent to the south of Haihe River in Tianjin, to the east of Jinghai County, Qingxian County and Botou City in Hebei Province, and to the north of Dongguang County and Ningjin, Leling and Wudi counties in Shandong Province.

In the first year of Gan Yuan (758), it was changed to Cangzhou.

It was changed to Jingcheng County in the Northern Song Dynasty, and was later abolished. Song belongs to Hejian House, Hebei East Road.

The Yuan Dynasty belonged to Hejian Road in Zhongshu Province.

In the Ming Dynasty, it belonged to Hejian House in North Zhili.

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Hejian Prefecture in Zhili, and some counties belonged to Tianjin Prefecture.

(3) From the Republic of China to 1949:

At the beginning of the Republic of China, it belonged to Bohai Road and Jinhai Road in Zhili.

In the 17th year of the Republic of China (1928), Daofu system was abolished and changed to Hebei province.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, it was under the jurisdiction of Jizhong, Jinnan and Bohai in the Jinchaji Border Region.

(4) After the founding of New China:

1949, 1 In August, Hebei Provincial People's Government was established with Cangxian District, which is located in Cangxian Town and governs 1 1 county.

1June, 958, after Tianjin belonged to Hebei Province, Cangxian District merged with Tianjin District, called Tianjin District, located in Tianjin. In September of the same year, Cangxian Town was changed to Cangzhou City (county-level), which was later revoked and merged into Cangxian County.

1In July, 993, the cities and prefectures merged into Cangzhou City, and the municipal government was stationed in the Canal Zone.

Three: humanities

Cangzhou has produced many celebrities since ancient times. Zhang He, the famous soldier of the Three Kingdoms, Ji Yun, the editor-in-chief of Sikuquanshu, Zhang Zhidong, Wang Ziping, Tong and the famous anti-Japanese soldiers in the late Qing Dynasty were all from Cangzhou.

There are countless delicious foods in Cangzhou.

The top ten "Cangzhou business cards" are Petroleum City, Pipeline City, Huanghua Port, Iron Lion, Grand Canal (Cangzhou Section), Cangzhou Wushu, Wuqiao Acrobatics, Golden Silk Jujube, Heritage Site of The Book of Songs and Ji Xiaolan.

Cangzhou City is an economic open area determined by the State Council, a petrochemical base and an important land and sea transportation hub in the north, and an important part of the Bohai Economic Zone and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. I believe Cangzhou will get better and better in the future!

Cangzhou grand canal

Cangzhou playground

Cangzhou Qingfeng building

Yanshan Gantong Temple

Cangzhou Shicheng Park

Cangzhou Grand Canal Bay Park

If there are historical facts and other mistakes, please correct me. Please bear with me! thank you

Copywriting: Liu Jun

Image: From the Internet