Why is there civil strife in C? te d 'Ivoire?

At the time of independence, C? te d 'Ivoire had a good tribal balance pattern. There are 69 ethnic groups in China, which can be roughly divided into four ethnic groups: the Crewe in the southwest, the Mandinka in the northwest, the akan people in the Middle East and the Voda in the north, among which the Akon ethnic group accounts for 52.4% of the population, accounting for an absolute majority. This balance of tribal power made the founding president Felix Hough Boigny? T-Boigny), a representative of Akon, was re-elected for seven times and died after 33 years as president, without encountering strong challenges and disputes.

President Boigny's National Tolerance Policy

Because the dominant position of Akon ethnic group is rock solid, President Boigny dares to adopt a policy of tolerance and acceptance to other tribes, while the population of C? te d 'Ivoire was only over 8 million when it became independent. With the development of economy, the problem of labor shortage is very serious. Boigny followed the example of France at that time and adopted the policy of attracting and accepting immigrants from neighboring countries to enrich its country. A large number of nationals from neighboring countries with relatively poor economies came to work in prosperous C? te d 'Ivoire, and many people settled and naturalized there.

The lack of ethnic integration triggered a series of civil wars.

Foreign immigrants from the same family came.

Due to economic prosperity, labor demand and loose immigration policy, a large number of immigrants have become new Ivorians, mostly from poor neighboring countries such as Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso. Most of these people belong to Mandi and Walters, and many of them are Muslims. On the one hand, their influx increased the population base of C? te d 'Ivoire (1995 before the general election, the population of C? te d 'Ivoire was140,000). On the other hand, it changed the balance of tribal power: from 65438 to 0995, the proportion of Akon population dropped to 4 1.4%, which had no obvious advantage compared with the sum of Mandy-Walter ratio.

C? te d 'Ivoire movement: seemingly seeking identity, but actually discriminating.

Bedie, who was uneasy about this, immediately promoted the Ivorianization Movement and asked the people to strengthen the "national identity of C? te d 'Ivoire", but this "national identity" was discriminatory. Mandi, the second most populous of the four ethnic groups, was excluded from the Ivo Yilite process because many people were born abroad or their parents. In the mid-1990s, Niger, Burkina Faso and other landlocked countries in West Africa. 1999, Gbagbo, an Akken who became president through military coup and street movement, continued to pursue the policy of "Ivorianization" and rejected two northern nationalities and immigrants. The situation he faced was even worse: 26% of the voters came from abroad, mostly Mandy or Walter, and 56% came from Burkina Faso. These people live in the north with their relatives who used to live in C? te d 'Ivoire.

The policy of racial oppression eventually led to a civil war.

Gbagbo's high-handed policy eventually caused widespread dissatisfaction between the two ethnic groups. On September 19, 2002, a civil war broke out in C? te d 'Ivoire. Officers, soldiers and armed men from two great north tribes attacked Abidjan, Bouaké and Korhogo at the same time, occupied the last two cities and caused riots all over the country. From this time until May 2005 18, the civil war broke out in C? te d 'Ivoire, and both sides suffered heavy losses. In 2005, the two sides began peace talks, and after many twists and turns, they signed a peace agreement on March 4, 2007. The two sides formed a coalition government, with Gbagbo as president and the leader of the "Forces nouvelles" Soro as prime minister, and finally agreed to hold a general election in 20 10.