What are the refugee countries in the world?

A refugee is "a person who stays outside his own country because of what happened before January 1, 1951 and has a justified fear of persecution because of race, religion, nationality, belonging to a social group or having certain political opinions, and is unable or unwilling to be protected by that country because of this fear; Or a person who has no nationality and is unable or unwilling to return to the country because he has stayed outside his former habitual residence because of the above-mentioned things. "

Geographically speaking, refugees are a special form of population migration. Due to natural disasters, war disasters, class oppression and ethnic oppression, religious and racial discrimination, and changes in national boundaries, a large number of people were forced to leave their homes and live in exile, resulting in forced migration. After the Second World War, the problem of world refugees has become increasingly prominent, mainly in Asia and Africa. African refugees mainly come from South Africa and the Horn of Africa, while Asian refugees mainly come from Afghanistan, Cambodia and Vietnam. The United Nations adopted the Convention on the Status of Refugees on July 28th, 1951, and the Protocol on the Status of Refugees in 1967, calling for the granting of basic human rights to refugees, and set up the High Commissioner for Refugees to supervise the implementation of refugee conventions and access to assistance.

Refugees are a special group in the international community. They are a group unable or unwilling to return to their country of origin due to war, ethnic persecution, tribal conflicts, national territorial changes, political asylum, natural disasters, economic deterioration and other reasons. They are characterized by group, helplessness, mobility, spontaneity and passivity.

refugees are divided into economic refugees, war refugees, ethnic and religious refugees, political refugees and natural disaster refugees. Economic refugees are people who "voluntarily" leave their homes in order to improve their lives, also known as "illegal immigrants". Natural disaster refugees are people who are forced to leave their homes due to earthquakes, serious floods and droughts, and often can return to their countries of origin through temporary relief. War refugees are people who fled their homes to escape the war. The attributes of each kind of refugees are not single, sometimes war refugees are political refugees, disaster refugees are environmental refugees, and so on. At present, there are generally three ways to solve the refugee problem internationally: voluntary repatriation, local integration and resettlement in a third country.

The United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Refugees stipulates that States parties should give certain treatment to refugees on their territory, including national treatment in primary education, public relief, labor and social security. Give at least no less preferential treatment than ordinary foreigners in movable and immovable property, free occupation, housing, etc.; Countries should respect refugees' right to obtain personal identity, give them identity documents and protect them from deportation, and try their best to facilitate the naturalization and assimilation of refugees.

"The greatest sorrow in the world is the loss of the motherland." This is an ancient Greek poet's lament over the tragic situation of refugees. According to the statistics of UNHCR, over the past 6 years, more than 75 million people around the world have been forced to leave their homes due to wars, disasters and other reasons. Africa and the Middle East are the regions that export the most refugees in the world.

June 2th is World Refugee Day.