The difference between special candidates and ordinary candidates

The difference between college entrance examination students and ordinary candidates is that candidates who are taking the college entrance examination or have a college diploma take the undergraduate examination, while ordinary candidates take the national unified university examination.

College entrance examination is the abbreviation of selective examination for college students to enter undergraduate study, and it is the examination system for college students to enter undergraduate colleges in China's education system.

There are two main types: the first is the undergraduate course of general higher education (full-time unified recruitment of ordinary colleges and universities), which selects full-time graduates from ordinary colleges and universities in various provinces (unified recruitment);

The second category is adult education. Four ways, including self-study, adult college entrance examination (amateur, correspondence), distance education (network education) and open education of RTVU.

The national unified examination for enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities is a national unified examination for enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities, which is implemented from June 7th to 10 every year. The subjects of the examination are full-time ordinary high school graduates and China citizens with equivalent education. Enrollment is divided into two categories: science, engineering, agriculture, medicine (including sports) and literature and history (including foreign languages and art). Colleges and universities should comprehensively measure morality, intelligence, physique and beauty according to candidates' grades and enrollment regulations and plans, and select the best candidates.

The national unified examination for enrollment of ordinary colleges and universities is authorized by the competent department of the state or independently proposed by the provincial education examination system; Unified scheduling by the Ministry of education, the provincial admissions examination committee is responsible for the implementation and management. The Ministry of Education requires that the names of examination subjects in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) are the same as those in the national unified examination, and must be consistent with the national unified examination schedule.

The historical evolution of college entrance examination;

College entrance examination is a system for selecting new students in colleges and universities. China has a history of 1300 years, which once showed the superiority of selecting talents and deeply influenced East Asian countries. 1905, in order to develop new education and cultivate practical talents, the Qing court abolished the imperial examination system and introduced the western school examination system instead. The establishment of the modern college entrance examination system in China has two important sources: one is the traditional examination thinking and value formed by the imperial examination system, and the other is the mode and means of the western modern examination system.

1904, under the auspices of Zhang Zhidong and others, the Qing government promulgated the Drama School Regulations.

1905, the imperial examination system came to an end, and modern education in China entered the historical stage.

1936, there were more than 100 universities in China. At that time, the college entrance examination system was the proposition of independent organization of each school. Students can choose to apply to multiple universities or be admitted to multiple universities at the same time.

From 65438 to 0952, China established a national unified enrollment system for colleges and universities. Unified college entrance examination enrollment can better reflect fairness and meet the needs of the country to quickly select talents at that time. ?

From 65438 to 0977, Deng Xiaoping served as the vice premier of the country, in charge of culture and education, and presided over the resumption of the college entrance examination. The resumption of the college entrance examination has changed the fate of millions of people, saved education in China and saved the whole of China.

1983 The Ministry of Education formally put forward the method of "directional enrollment and directional distribution". It is stipulated that some central departments or institutions of higher learning under the system of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense should recruit students from rural areas or hard industries such as farms, pastures, mining areas and oil fields according to a certain proportion.

198 1, science added biology.

1983, English was formally included in the college entrance examination.

1985 the Ministry of education stipulates that a small number of unplanned self-funded students can be recruited from the candidates who take the unified college entrance examination. The enrollment system, which has always been "all-inclusive" by the state, has become a "dual-track system" in which the state plans to enroll students without charge and the state regulates enrollment fees. In the same year, standardized examinations were introduced from the United States, and in the same year, English and mathematics were first piloted in Guangdong Province.

After 1985, the general trend of college entrance examination reform is to reduce college entrance examination subjects. First, science courses and liberal arts courses were reduced to 3+2***5, and Shanghai implemented the 3+ 1 scheme. In the same year, the State Education Commission decided to conduct a pilot program to recruit students who walk in Peking University and other 43 institutions of higher learning.

1989 In August, the State Education Commission decided to gradually implement standardized examinations throughout the country.

1994 cancel the college entrance examination of biology and geography, nominally to reduce the burden on students, which not only did not reduce the burden, but also led to a lack of knowledge of geography and biology. In the same year, politics was excluded from the unified examination subjects, and politics was no longer tested in science examinations.

From 65438 to 0996, China's higher education tried to recruit students in parallel, and university tuition began to rise.

1997 enrollment reform in colleges and universities.

1999, the Ministry of Education issued the Action Plan for Revitalizing Education Facing the 2 1 century. The document holds that the grand goal and task of cross-century socialist modernization has made a comprehensive arrangement for the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education. In the same year, Guangdong took the lead in piloting the "3+X" reform program, and biology and geography began to reappear in the college entrance examination subjects.

By 20 10, the gross enrollment rate of school-age youth in higher education will reach 15%. In just five or six years, the enrollment scale of universities has nearly tripled, and "mass education" has gradually replaced "elite education". The lack of skills and employment difficulties of college graduates have caused people to reflect on the expansion of enrollment.

In 2000, teachers' majors, which have been "all-inclusive" by the state, began to charge fees, and the reform of enrollment integration was completed.

In 2003, with the consent of the State Council, the Ministry of Education decided to advance the college entrance examination time by one month from 2003, and the college entrance examination time will be fixed on June 7, 8 and 9 every year.

In 2003, the Ministry of Education approved the first batch of 22 colleges and universities to carry out independent enrollment pilot. As a new talent selection method, there are 90 colleges and universities with independent enrollment qualifications; The types are gradually increasing, including "self-organized examination", "principal's real name recommendation system" and "self-enrollment joint examination".

In 2008, China launched the Outline of the National Medium and Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020).

20 10 February, the draft for public comment was released, and in July, the full text reviewed and approved by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee was released. The document clearly puts forward that the examination enrollment system of classified examination, multiple admission and comprehensive evaluation should be gradually formed, which points out a new direction for the reform of college entrance examination.

On September 4, 20 14, the pilot program of comprehensive reform of college entrance examination was announced: arts and sciences are no longer divided into subjects.

20 14 12 16, 17 The Ministry of Education has successively issued Opinions on Strengthening and Improving the Comprehensive Quality Evaluation of Students in Ordinary Senior High Schools, Opinions on Implementing the Academic Proficiency Examination in Ordinary Senior High Schools, Opinions on Further Perfecting and Standardizing the Pilot Work of Efficient Self-enrollment, and Opinions on Further Reducing and Standardizing the Plus Items for College Entrance Examination.

Starting from 20 15, the college entrance examination will cancel six bonus items, such as sports specialty students and Olympic Games.

In 20 14, there were 16 provinces and cities in China that implemented the provincial proposition, and there were 15 unified propositions; On 20 15, Jiangxi, Liaoning and Shandong provinces were added to implement the unified proposition of college entrance examination, and the number of provinces that used the national unified proposition paper increased to 18.

20 16 Twenty-six provinces in China will choose a unified proposition, while Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Jiangsu and Zhejiang are still provincial propositions. As of April, 19 provinces across the country have introduced the reform plan of college entrance examination, which has defined the reform timetable.

20 16, 1710.9, the Ministry of Education officially announced the revised contents of the general college entrance examination syllabus for 20 17. Judging from the revised contents, the new syllabus clearly puts forward that the 20 17 college entrance examination will increase the assessment content of Chinese excellent traditional culture and give full play to the educational function and positive guiding role of the college entrance examination proposition. For example, Chinese should add common sense of ancient culture, Chinese should add classical Chinese, traditional festivals and folk customs, and mathematics should add mathematical culture.

20 17 A Dream of Red Mansions, Scream, Border Town, Red Rock, Ordinary World and The Old Man and the Sea are included in the required answers of Beijing classic works.

20 17 college entrance examination, Beijing, Shandong, Henan, Xinjiang and other provinces will merge some admission batches, of which "three books" will be officially cancelled in many places. Anhui Province issued the "Implementation Opinions on the Enrollment of Colleges and Universities in 20 17". Since 20 17, the second batch of undergraduate courses and the third batch of undergraduate courses have merged. The admission of arts and sciences is divided into five batches: undergraduate advance approval, higher vocational (junior college) advance approval, the first batch of undergraduate, the second batch of undergraduate and higher vocational (junior college) advance approval. According to public reports, in addition to the above provinces, more than ten provinces such as Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, Hubei and Guangdong have cancelled the "three books". There are 9.4 million candidates taking the 20 17 national college entrance examination, and 26 provinces choose the unified proposition.

201719 Minister of Education Chen Baosheng said that by 2020, China will establish a new college entrance examination system in an all-round way.

2 18, 21On March 26th, the Ministry of Education issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in the Enrollment of Ordinary Colleges and Universities in 20 18, which pointed out that the comprehensive management of "college entrance examination immigrants" should be strengthened in accordance with the law and regulations, the "30-year-ban" enrollment should be strictly observed, and the Olympic Games and science and technology for sports specialty students and middle school students should be completely abolished.

20 18 1 1, eight provinces (cities) in Jiangsu, Hubei, Fujian, Liaoning, Guangdong, Chongqing, Hebei and Hunan have been evaluated by the Ministry of Education, and they meet the starting conditions of the new college entrance examination and are allowed to start. The reform of the new college entrance examination is mainly reflected in students' choice of subjects and admission forms. Instead of dividing arts and sciences into six subjects, we choose three subjects and increase the number of words, which is referred to as "3+3 mode".