Intangible knowledge: Which of the following performing arts is sung in Minnan?

Nanyin, also known as "Xianguan" and "Quanzhou Nanyin", is a traditional music in southern Fujian Province and one of the masterpieces of UNESCO's intangible cultural heritage of mankind.

Nanyin, known as "the living fossil in the music history of China", originated in Quanzhou, Fujian, and was sung in Minnan dialect, which is the Han music with a long history in China. During the Han, Jin, Tang and Song Dynasties, immigrants from the Central Plains brought music culture into southern Fujian with Quanzhou as the center, and merged with local folk music, forming a cultural expression with the charm of ancient music in the Central Plains. Nanyin originated in the Tang Dynasty and was formed in the Song Dynasty. Nanyin's singing method retains the traditional and ancient national singing method before the Tang Dynasty, and the second creation of singers and performers is very casual, while Nanguan's performance also maintains the characteristics of the Tang and Song Dynasties.

Historical origin

When Nanyin originated is not clearly recorded in the literature. There are many folk legends, some of which say that court music such as "Break" and "Ci" in the Daqu of the Tang Dynasty was introduced into Fujian, and it merged with local folk music. According to legend, it was brought to Fujian by Wang Brothers of Fujian at the end of Tang Dynasty. Experts and scholars have made textual research on Nanyin's qupai, musical instruments and terms. It is generally believed that Nanyin was formed in the Song Dynasty and developed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Nanyin has a certain relationship with the music before and after the Tang Dynasty. Nanyin retained the qupai with the same name as before the Tang Dynasty. In Song Dynasty, as the imperial clan moved south, Quanzhou, as the capital, prospered in commercial economy, and at the same time, culture and art were also exchanged and developed. According to records, there were more than a thousand musicians in Quanzhou at that time, ranging from three to five in each family. The grand occasion can be seen.

Since the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Southern Opera, which was popular in Zhejiang and Fujian, also had a certain influence on Nanyin. Nanyin kept such plays as Chai Jing's Story, White Rabbit's Story, Yue Bai's Story, Dog Killing Story and Pipa Story.