Do American visiting scholars need physical examination?

International students studying abroad do not need to apply for visas, except in some countries. Most countries need to apply for an entry visa to embassies and consulates in China in advance. Visa is the most effective way to control the entry of patients with the above diseases. Therefore, many countries stipulate that in addition to the admission notice or invitation letter, financial aid certificate, you also need a medical certificate to apply for a visa. For example, France, Germany, South American countries, Russia and Eastern European countries all have this requirement for self-funded international students. Canada, New Zealand and Australia, whether at public expense or at their own expense. Although some countries do not require it, there are related columns in visa application forms, requiring applicants to declare themselves. For example, Table 34 of US Non-immigrant Visa Application 156 asks: Are you suffering from infectious diseases, mental illness, drug abuse or substance abuse? The applicant should assure the visa officer that he will give a realistic answer. In order to safeguard their own interests and effectively control the spread of the epidemic, all countries in the world require foreign immigrants to produce health certificates issued by their health and quarantine organs or hospitals. Many countries must also check their AIDS testing certificates and vaccination certificates-yellow books. Foreign immigrants without relevant health and quarantine certificates will be refused entry.

List of countries that restrict AIDS

Europe: Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Finland, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Cyprus and CIS countries America: United States, Canada, Cuba, Colombia, Costa Rica, Belize Africa: Egypt, South Africa, Libya Asia: Indonesia, India, Iraq, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait.

List of countries that need to check the yellow book

Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei, Myanmar, Cambodia, Yemen, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syria, Thailand, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Laos, Lebanon, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, Bahrain and Bhutan. Africa: Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Central Africa, Chad, Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Guinea, C? te d 'Ivoire, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Maldives, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania and Mauritius. Europe, America and Oceania: Greece, Australia, Albania, Portugal, American Samoa, Bahamas, Bolivia, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Tonga, Peru, Haiti, Suriname and Malta. List of countries requiring cholera vaccine certificate Albania, Malta, Angola, Chad, Dominica, Paraguay and Malta. Madagascar, Mali, Malawi, Maldives, Niger, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia, Sudan, Tuvalu, Somalia, Lesotho, Pakistan, Egypt, South Korea, Vietnam, United Arab Emirates, Brunei.

Inoculation project

Infectious diseases and vaccination The first quarantine infectious diseases in the world are plague, cholera, smallpox and yellow fever. These four diseases are infectious diseases that will do great harm to human beings. Later, the World Health Organization announced that since 1980, smallpox bacteria have been basically controlled all over the world, so smallpox prevention certificates are generally not needed. However, some countries still need this certificate. The most common diseases now are yellow fever and cholera. There are basically no cholera and yellow fever infections in Europe and North America. Some developing countries have poor sanitation and harsh climatic conditions, and many infectious diseases are still prevalent, such as Africa and South America. Tourists from these areas are required to show their yellow fever vaccination certificates from all over the world. Some countries in Asia are also epidemic areas of cholera and malaria. Different countries have different requirements for travelers from different countries. According to the specific situation, international students going to Europe, most Asian countries, North America and Oceania generally need a cholera vaccination certificate, while international students going to Africa, South America and individual Asian countries need at least two kinds of vaccination: yellow fever and cholera. Vaccination is mainly carried out in accordance with the regulations of the International Health Organization and the requirements of the countries you go to. The vaccination programs of China's quarantine organs generally include cholera vaccine, yellow fever vaccine, diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccine, hepatitis B epidemic bacteria, rabies vaccine, human gamma globulin, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, epidemic encephalomyelitis vaccine, typhoid and paratyphoid A and B vaccine, etc. What kind of vaccine international students need to be vaccinated is determined by the quarantine organ according to the requirements of various countries and the epidemic situation. International students who have stayed abroad for more than one year should go through the relevant formalities with the quarantine organ before going abroad.

health standard

At that time, the designated physical examination standards for international students were very specific, stipulating that more than a dozen situations could not be selected, including active tuberculosis, active extrapulmonary tuberculosis, thoracoplasty and lobectomy, serious chronic diseases, organic heart disease, hypertension, hepatitis, nephritis and serious urogenital diseases, blood system diseases, psychosis or epilepsy, severe neurosis, cancer, schistosomiasis, leprosy, physical dysplasia and severe visual impairment. Secondly, the requirements of the recipient. Foreign schools generally regard physical health as the basic condition for accepting international students. Such as the United States, Japan, Britain, Austria, Italy and other countries, when submitting materials for studying abroad, the physical health certificate or physical examination form is one of the necessary materials. Some countries, such as Japan, Italy and Ireland, are visiting scholars, but if they are included in bilateral exchange programs, they also need to provide health certificates or medical examination forms. So, if you plan to study in these countries, of course, you need to go to the hospital for physical examination. Physical examination is generally routine at this time. Some forms are provided by receiving schools, some are formulated by the national education authorities, and some can be commonly used physical examination forms in China. The hospitals to be inspected are generally not specified, as long as they have a considerable level, and generally the lowest is a county-level hospital. The main items for students to go abroad for medical examination First of all, before preparing to go abroad, you need to know what items need to be done for medical examination abroad. Different countries have different requirements for the health and vaccination of international students. Generally speaking, countries only need to have international travel health certificates and international travel vaccination certificates. For example, international students going to the United States, Britain, Australia and New Zealand should provide immunization for children with diphtheria, tetanus, leprosy and meningitis according to the requirements of the destination countries. People going to South America, Africa and other yellow fever epidemic areas are required to be vaccinated with yellow fever vaccine at least 10 days before going abroad, otherwise they will not be allowed to enter the country. It is also necessary to provide special AIDS reports to Russia, Ukraine and other countries. Precautions for going abroad for physical examination: After obtaining the visa of the destination country, you must first have a physical examination at the local health and quarantine bureau, and you can get the international travel health certificate and yellow book for up to one week. Take your ID card, passport, two-inch photo and expenses with you when you go to the physical examination. Go on an empty stomach and try to go as early as possible. General physical examination items include: blood pressure, pulse, development, nutrition, skin, lymph nodes, vision, color discrimination, otolaryngology, thyroid, lung, heart, abdomen, spine, limbs, nervous system, electrocardiogram, chest X-ray examination and laboratory examination (GTP, TTT, HBsAG, anti-HIV, R.P.R). In addition, cholera and yellow fever vaccines were vaccinated.